JOURNAL OF HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION AND JURISPRUDENCE
Year:2008 | Volume:4 | Issue:15|Papers Count:10

The totality of the studies made in different aspects of culture, history, languages, religions, economics, and politics in Iran make the public familiar with various types of Iranian civilization.In spite of great political disruptions in the history of Iran, the civilization of this Ahooraee land has never undergone fundamental disruptions. The ancient Iranian culture and civilization has played an important role in establishing the identity of Islamic Iran, and the Islamic heritage in Iran is an indispensable part of every new cultural combination having been presented in this country.This paper seeks to reprove the continuity and strength and stability of the generative and productive culture and civilization of Iran land, while designating succinctly certain key points concerning the civilization history and culture in Iran, especially through the course of history from ancient to the Islamic period.

If a murder is committed during the sacred months, a third amount of the specified of the blood- money is added, which is referred to as intensifying the blood- money. This intense is pointed out in the decrees of the Imamiyya Jurisprudents, and generally, no distinction has been considered for any kind of murder (intentional, psedo- intentional, and pure error).The Holy Quran asserts the injunction on the sacred months, but no word is seen in this concern.Investigating the relevant traditions on the blood- money intense on the rate of this knd of ransom as much as one third in case of intentional murder and regarding the absence of the sanction of this type of murder, this paper seeks to come up with the conclusion that this intense does not involve the unintentional murder and thus the decree on intensification can be proved only for intentional murder.In conclusion, what causes the decree of intense of the blood- money to be seriously doubtful is the lack of the element of intention in the unintentional murder, in addition to the lack of the clarity of traditions, that accordingly the abusement of the sacred months is not realized, so that following it the intense of the blood- money can be proved.

“Al- Filaha- al-Nabatiyya” is an important agricultural book of the Islamic Civilization as well as the greatest work written by Ibn- wahshiyya of kaldan (246LH 865 AD).Ibn- wahshiyya Claims that the work is a translation of the ancient writings in Babel, while there are some disputes among many occidentalists and researchers in this concern. Some have considered that not only the work could not be attributed to him, but he is also a false character made by Ibn- Zayyat, who claimed to be a pupil of his, and thus, the narrator of the book.It is noteworthy to say that the book contains a lot of superstitions, tales, and myths as well as some applied scientific matters in botany and in Agronomy.During the 19th century, some occidentalists suggested that Ibn- wahshiyya's claim to attribute the book to kaldanians is false and not true.

The author of this article seeks to discuss and argue the nature of release from a responsibility dealing with its cadence or its contract tie while considering various views and concepts in this concern.To jurisprudents, the term "Ebra" means dilapidation or giving possession. These distinctions are the origins of many works which merit consideration.The writer then proceeds to study the general discussions on the release from a duty and its practical applications such as release from maintenance, release from physician, release from guardianship, release from order, release from the payment of dower, and release from the dead duty.

Each true discipline has its own philosophy to prove its origin, its growth, and its different areas of knowledge.The jurisprudence principles, as a discipline, was developed by Muslims, and is one of the Islamic sciences, with its own philosophy.This paper seeks to define what the philosophy of jurisprudence principles is, and then it proceeds to numerate its proofs and its ultimate injunctions.Later, it attempts to reveal that the underlying sources of the philosophy of jurisprudence principles is the very book and tradition using the four- typed (Quadriple) proofs of the Qur' an, tradition, wisdom, and consensus (general agreement).The article also studies the ultimate goals sought by the philosophy of juris principles, which are accessible in two ways: either in the form of metaphysics, which means to investigate the possibility, happening, and criteria of both of them, and the limits and conditions of the theories of the principles of jurisprudence.

The Rustamians dynasty of Iranian race were from the Abaziyya outsiders ruling over Tamart. The founder of this kingdom, Add- al-Rahman- Ibin Rustam was not able to stand against the Abbasid troops in the down part of Maqrib, so he escaped to the middle Maqrib, so that he could establish a new center for the religious Abazi.This paper mainly seeks to study their foreign and business relations with the neighborhood governments of those days including the Tulonids, the A' qlabians, the Bani Medaras, and the Umavids of Andelus and….Then the article draws a conclusion that the Rustamians, not only due to their long- standing beliefs skirmishes of the outsiders (khawarij) with the followers of other reliogions, but also because of the political aspects, generally had hostile relations against their neighbors such as the A' almians and the Tulonids. Their political allies were only the Umavids of Andelus as well as the Bani Medaras.

Hurting children is a relative new recent subject in Iran.The social complication is the concern of legislators and authorities of various sciences such as laws, psychology, education and training, and scociology, each of which observes it from a certain point of view. Although children rights is one of the most important of human rithts, the increase in teasing, and abusement of children as well as the adolescents is seen all over the world.The present paper is an attempt to study this phenomenon from the viewpoint of laws and rights while seeking to include a certain policy of the legislator in Iran.Finally, the article goes on to discuss and argue the principal preventive approach of laws in Iran in case of crimes in this concern as well as some lawful protections against this sinister element. The last consideration of the papers is to suggest some good reformation for the mentioned law.

One of the important aspects of Ghaznavi rule, especially during the first period, is the religious policy which, in general, affected the rule and directed the government structure. It seems that this first period is the beginning of exploitation of taking a given mental and political direction.This taking direction went up to ascend in the next periods, that is, that saljughi, kharazmshahi, and even Mongul and Teimurian especially the Safavids have been quasi undertaken by the Ghaznavian Hanafi and later on the Shafei tradition, which is preserved by Mahmoud, gained bilateral purpose by quelling inner opposing currents as pagan and maintaining the rule in Ghaznavi empire, on the one hand, and establishing a warm and close relationship with Abbasid rule, on the other hand, the Ghaznavians have achieved their religious and political legality from spiritual and religious status of the Abbasid rule.the Ghaznavians, seemingly were considerd as the beginner of a way in Iran's history after the advent of Islam, who established a profound and close tie between the government and religions. They have benefited from religions as a means to achieve their political, social, economic and cultural purposes.