The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:10|Papers Count:8

The purpose of this study is ranking fraud risk substrates listed in section 24 auditing standards of Iran, according to their importance in detection of management fraud. In this study fraud risk substrates was listed during 61 cases. To perform this study, 460 questionnaires were randomly distributed among members of statistical community (independent auditors), and 316 questionnaire was collected after a week.Results of statistical tests show that there is a significant difference in the 95 percent confidence level among auditor comments to the importance of the fraud risk substrates (except one case). Moreover, according to the obtained results, it is revealed that the most important fraud risk substrate is "being dependent a fair share of managers rights and benefits to the results of operations, financial position or cash flow".In addition to ranking fraud risk substrates, we examined the relationship between gender, field of study, education and experience of auditors with their thinking about the importance of fraud risk substrates. The results of this study indicate that none of the above cases do not impact on auditors’ opinion in ranking fraud risk substrates.

This paper has investigated the relationship between economic and Accounting variables that affect on stock price in Theran Stock Exchange (TSE) during 1382 to 1386 and by using of Al- Tamimi (2007) model for determaining affecting variables after testing multicollinarity among the independent variables. The research hypotheses are tested by using multiple linear regressions. Significance of model coefficients has been measured at significant level equal to 5%. The economic independent variables are the gross domestic product (GDP), the foreign exchange (FX), the money supply (MS) and the Accounting independent variables are the earning per share (EPS), return on assets (ROA) and operating cash flow (OCF). Dependent variable is the stock price (SP).The conclusion of this study revealed that the gross domestic product, the foreign exchange, the money supply, the earning per share, return on assets and operating cash flow variables have a significant relation with stock price.

Survival and enrichment of auditing services requires appropriate and timely reaction against the expectations of society. Auditing profession by accepting more responsibility and expanding it’s role and strengthening public education about auditing roles and limitations can meet public needs and reduces expectation gap.The continuous growth of information users’ needs and their tendency to use financial statements for making economic decisions, planning and super visioning (monitoring) financial situation and performance of economic entity requires reduction of expectation gap.Research Hypothesis studied by the data collected questionnaire distributed among different users in 2008-2009, Results indicate that auditing education reduces expectation gap between independent auditors and users of financial statements.

This research investigates whether managers or financial staff of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, were formerly worked for audit firms or not? If so, is there any significant relationship between such employments and types of audit reports? For this purpose, we have randomly chosen 220 people as a sample group from about 1800 people including financial deputies, financial managers, accounting chiefs and financial experts working for companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2000-2008. Data collection was done through questionnaires, reports of independent auditors and legal inspectors as well as financial statements of the companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. Pearson's Chi-square Test showed there is a significant relationship between work experience, type of job position in audit firms, type of audit firms and audit reports.

As the earning of companies is the best decision making base of capital market, but it is threaten with inclusion of predictions, difference accounting method and earning management in earning reporting process. Thus the earning precision, confidence, conscious, truth, relevancy, high rate of cash, predictability, … and its realization that called earning quality in academic board, play important rule in usefulness of earning in decision making process.Whether the quality of a firm’s reported earnings affects investors' ability to predict future earnings is still a subject of much debate among accounting researchers. lev (1989) suggests that low quality earnings may be causing the relatively low correlation between reported earning and the market’s evaluation of future earning. This dissertation used the valuation model described in Ohlson (1995) and Feltham & Ohlson (1995) to explore the possible links between accounting method choices and the ability of investors to use reported earnings to predict future earnings. The results show that quality of a firm’s reported earnings doesn’t affect investors’ability to predict future earning.

The main purpose of this article is empirical survey of co- determinants on small and medium size firm’s capital structure listed in Tehran stock exchange. The research period was during 1381-1387. samples, including 74 firms. Results of the hypothesis testing using multiple regressions (OLS) suggests that between two variables named long term interest bearing debt ratio and short-term debts ratio and firm characteristics named age, size, asset structure, profitability, growth and risk exist significantly positive relationship. Considering the firm size and separating firms with small and medium size from large size, Results corroborate that firm characteristics age, size, asset structure, profitability, growth and risk have an impact on long term interest bearing debt ratio and short-term debts ratio. This influence is different in small and medium size firms. Therefore size criterion is effective and its impact on firm characteristics in smaller firms is higher.

This paper examines the relationship between managerial ownership index as one of the mechanisms of corporate governance and performance criteria of pharmaceutical corporate accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange during the year 2004 to 2008. First, the effect of independent variable, managerial ownership, over the response variables, Q- Tobin ratio (a measure of corporate performance) and capital structure are surveyed separately and then other control factors are added to linear regression model.Necessary data are collected from the site of research management organization, development Islamic Studies of Stock Exchange. After analyzing data by Minitab software, it was found that impact of managerial ownership factor on Q-Tobin ratio and capital structure is linear and square linear respectively.Results show that managerial ownership has weak positive effect on both response variables. Between control variables entered in the model, asset return and ownership concentration variables have positive impact on the Q- Tobin, while the control variable firm size has a negative impact on this response variable. Ownership concentration has a positive effect on the capital structure while the asset return and firm size have negative impact on this response variable.

Information investment and implementation is always an important portion in an enterprise. It is therefore necessary for an enterprise to increase investment in IT infrastructure. IT indeed increases opportunities of an enterprise to create the maximum value by using knowledge. This paper examine the relationship between information technology investment and financial performance in Tehran Stock Exchange by using data of 88 manufacturing firms over 2002-2007. By examining the it investment budget in financial performance measures include ROA, ROE, ROS, SG and controlling size and risk, we find that it investment has significant association with ROA an ROS as two measures of financial performance.