The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches
Year:2020 | Volume:12 | Issue:46 |Papers Count:10

This present study examines the impact of management earnings forecast error on stability profit of cash & accrual components and stock over Evaluation. The population studied, sample of Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies, including 64 companies. The results using by multivariate linear regression, using panel data and fixed effects approach that hypothesis and suggest that an increase in the level of earnings forecast error, stability and evaluate the components of cash and accrual dropped to the stock is increasing.

Organizational culture is a factor effecting on employee's behavior. This research try to study this affection on whistle blowing in audit profession. Thus, the aim of this research is to study of Organizational culture effect on whistle blowing in audit firms. The research method is descriptive-correlative. About 203 auditors worked in Iranian audit firms were the sample of this study. Questionnaire was used in this study. Structural equation modeling was used in order to data analysis and research question testing. The results of this study show that organizational culture has a significant and positive relationship with perceived seriousness of the act in question and auditor's perception about individual responsibility. But, there is no significant relationship between organizational culture and auditor's perception on personal costs of wrongdoing reporting. Research evidence, also, show that auditor's perception about individual responsibility and auditor's perception about seriousness of the act in question are factors effective in whistle blowing intention of auditors. According to the finding of this study, construction of proper organizational culture in audit firms could be an effective mechanism of wrongdoing reporting.

The goal of this research is investigating relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure level with companies market values. For this purpose, A questionnaire with 130 questions in nine main level that included: economic level, social participation, corporate governance, human rights and meritocracy, environmental and sustainable development, religious, products, ethics (organizational, professional, social), cultural is used for determine the level of disclosure 319 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange and OTC securities. The multivariate regression are used to test the hypothesis. The findings shows that companies with higher Social responsibility, have more market value and lower capital costs but don’ t have higher operating cash flows. As a result, according to forecast, users of financial reports attention is drawn to social responsibility and Disclosure of this information have time Information and is part of relevant information on the decision-making by investors.

Risk identification and management is a new approach used to strengthen and enhance the effectiveness of organizations. The purpose of risk management is to identify and assess the risk and reduce it using economic resources available to the administrator. In this study, Enterprise Risk Management model has been estimated and its effectiveness has been studied on the earnings attributes. Tehran stock exchange listed firms constitute statistical population of the research and the sample was selected imposing conditions of the research variables to 129 firms. Statistical technique of panel data regression was used to analyze data and test the hypotheses. The earnings attributes measures used are earnings persistence, earnings timeliness and earnings conservatism. According to the results, Enterprise Risk Management does not have a significant effect on the earnings attributes.

The main objective of this research is to examine impact of the life cycle of a business unit on earnings management through the real activities. To achieve the research objectives, using the method of screening, 70 Iranian listed companies from the research population was chosen as sample. The Eviews and Microfit statistical packages were utilized for running the analysis. The Subsidiary research hypotheses were investigated based on three indicators for assessing the earnings management through real activities and was tested by multiple regression. The results of this study show that the extent of using earnings management through real activities in Iranian listed companies in different stages of the company’ s life cycle is different. With regard to testing the first and second hypotheses, the results showed that management proceed to earnings management activities at the stage of maturity more than other steps, through unusual production costs of the comply. Also the results of testing third hypothesis shows that Iranian listed companies that are on the wane in the final years of the life, are proceed to earnings management activities through unusual operational cash flows which means that when a company is close to the final years of its life, uses operational cash flows, more than other kinds of real earnings management.

The value added tax system as a fledgling tax system in Iran, faces numerous challenges and challenges in various sectors, based on previous studies and figures obtained from the operation of this tax system. VAT audit and auditing as part of dealing with taxpayers' tax cases and the most important part of realizing government tax revenue in this tax system today faces challenges that address it The ultimate means achieving total potential tax revenueTherefore, this research aims to identify, investigate the challenges of auditing and VAT audit to take a step to remove these challenges and achieve a more efficient tax system. This study aimed to investigate the necessity of auditing the value added tax system as well as the factors affecting the audit risk in the value added tax system and the role of profit tax ratios in the risk based tax audit system. In this research, systematic elimination method was used to determine the statistical sample and finally, a sample of 80 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange was studied. To test the research hypotheses, nonlinear multiple regression analysis using Logit method was used. The results of this study showed that among the factors considered in the research on audit risk, the relationship between the presentation of tax return and the period of taxpayer's transactions is significant with tax audit risk and inverse, but the relationship between the volume of taxpayer's transactions and the audit risk is significant. The results are also direct and there was no significant relationship between Taxpayer's membership of the stock market and Taxpayer's profitability ratios (ROI), return on equity, earnings per share with audit risk.

Auditor's economic benefits are provided through fees. Independent Auditor's Fees are affected by a variety of factors, but the of Independent Auditor's Fees is not fully explained by changes in the factors affecting the Independent Auditor's Fees. Simply put, the increase in the audit fee, while waiting for an increase in fee, is greater than the reduction in the fee of an audit, while waiting for a reduction in fee, which in accounting accounting is referred to as the tightness of audit fees. Therefore, the necessity of examining the asymmetric changes in the behavior of the fee depends on the structural factors affecting its creation, in order to bring the audit rates closer to its standard model. The purpose of this study is to investigate the asymmetry of audit fees, adjustments to its incremental and decreasing differences in the long term, the nature of specialization of an auditor in the industry, Mandatory rotation of auditors, on the standard deviation of audit fees. For this purpose, a sample of 142 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange has been selected. Testing of research hypotheses has been done using the combined data regression model. The findings indicate that the increase in audit fees, while awaiting an increase, is more than a reduction in the audit fees, while waiting for a drop in that, which means that the audit fee is sticky. audit fee stickiness does not follow a particular process and varies over long periods of time. On the other hand, the specialization of an auditor in the industry and the Mandatory rotation of auditors, will increase the deviation from the standard model of audit fees and increase the stiffness of the fee.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social capital on cost of capital in companies with emphasize on asymmetric information. In this regard, 110 listed companies were selected on Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to measure social capital, three capitalistic, structural capital and capital-related indexes have been used to and for measuring the information asymmetry of the advertising cost index. The panel data method is used to test of research hypotheses. The results showed that social capital had a negative and significant effect on capital expenditure. That is, the emphasis on social values reduces the cost of capital. The results also showed that the impact negative of social capital on costs of capital is higher in companies with high information asymmetries, while social capital does not affect the cost of capital in companies with low asymmetric information. In fact, social capital works better in environments where there is a conflict of interest.

The relation between timely identification of losses and profitability projects is one of the most important issues in the field of accounting. Additionally, investing and financial evaluation of investment projects is one of the most important functions of the company's managers. Previous literature indicates the timely identification of losses, helping the manager figures out and disposes of harmful projects in a timely manner, and, potentially, affects the investment behavior of managers of profit units, and, ultimately, it can increase the profitability of the company. Therefore, in this paper, the relationship between the recognition of losses in the future has been studied, as well as the probability of stopping the company's projects and, finally, the profitability of the accepted companies to the Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method is descriptive-correlational and data analysis is done using multivariate regression model and panel data. The present study is an applied from the objective point of view. A sample of 123 companies from listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange was selected using a systematic elimination sampling method. The results show that timely identification of losses will increase the probability of stopping projects and reduce the probability of delaying the cease of harmful projects. These results also indicate that the delay in stopping harmful projects is a function of improving the timely identification of losses and reducing corporate capital expenditures.

The existence of the Audit Committee is essential for controlling financial reporting and designing an effective internal auditory system to promote the goals of internal control and ensuring the effectiveness of the management system processes, internal controls, and financial reporting health. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the audit committee's characteristics, including the size of the audit committee and the expertise of the audit committee with internal controls and profit management. The statistical population of this study is all companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical sample includes 54 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, which was surveyed Regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the research indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship between two characteristics of the audit committee (size of the audit committee and the expertise of the audit committee) with weaknesses in internal controls and earnings management, but there is no significant relationship between the size of the audit committee and the profit management.