The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches
Year:2018 | Volume:10 | Issue:39 |Papers Count:10

The purpose of this study is investigating the effect of accounting conservatism, institutional investor shareholdings, as well as the interaction between these two variables on earnings management using Benford ̓ s law. To achieve the research objectives, the financial statements of a sample of 102 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were analyzed. In this research Benford ̓ s law and considering first four digits of left side of net income as benchmarks for to explore the earnings management, the Khan and Watts model (2009), for to measure of accounting conservatism, and stock Exchange law to calculate the amount of institutional investor shareholdings was used. Chi-square test was used to investigate signifying the deviation of distribution of each first to fourth digits of net income from Benford's Law. The results showed accounting conservatism and institutional investor shareholdings and interaction between them decrease earnings management. By the results of this research can be found that company ̓ s stakeholders can limit the opportunities for earnings management using accounting conservatism and institutional investor shareholdings as two efficient tools.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of inflation and operating cycle on cash holdings in listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The population of this study was all listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the sample were selected through the systematic elimination method. Independent variables in this study were inflation and operating cash cycle and dependent variable was accumulated cash account. To access the targets of study, the research hypotheses were tested by using multivariable regression. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between inflation and operating cycle and accumulated cash amount. Study results also showed there is significant relationship between the other variables, size of company, changes in net working capital, current liabilities and accumulated cash amount.

Accounting and auditing organization of Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) as the pioneer Islamic accounting standard setting organization believes that, unlike reliability and timeliness, substance over form and time value of money concepts are not in line with Islam. AAOIFI specifies that adoption of substance over form in classifying leases into finance or operating ones, are not aligned with Islamic guidance. In this approach all leases except Ijara-Bitamlik must be mentioned as operational lease. The appreciate answer to Islamic challenges-as a multidisciplinary issue-will be achieved via assessing the topic in both Fiqh and accounting aspects. Hence this issue will be processed via Mixed-exploration method. So in first stage of qualitative research, all challenges will be answered through descriptive-analytical method. In next stage which is quantitative, accounting experts view will be asked via questionnaire and compared with results of qualitative phase of research. Based on final results, adoption of substance over form in classification of leases in Fiqh approach has no problem & accounting experts view are aligned with them.

Achieving maximum return is the desirable and satisfactory objective of every investor. In this regard, knowledge of the factors affecting stock return is very important. One of the most important factors is asset grow rate that it’ s inverse relationship with stock return (asset grow anomaly) have been examined in several studies. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between limits-to-arbitrage and asset grow anomaly in listed company in Tehran stock exchange market from the period of 1388-1392. In order to measure limits-to-arbitrage, two indicators have been used; including stock return volatility and Amihud’ s measure of illiquidity. In each year, the sample of this year has been sorted by each of two factors in ascending order, then they have been divided into five categories and the results of test hypothesis have been examined in the first one-fifth and terminal one-fifth. The findings of this paper show that in companies with low stock return volatility and also in companies with low liquidity level, the asset grow anomaly is more than other companies.

According to agency theory, management strength represents one of the most costly symbols of conflict between shareholders and managers. Management's strength can provide benefits to the owners of the company, such as a shorter short-term management of profits to meet short-term financial reporting goals and focus on strategies and long-term goals. The statistical population of this research is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2012 and 2016. The sample was also selected through a systematic removal method from the statistical community. In the present study, using the data of 135 companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange, the combined data model and multivariate regression, while investigating the impact of corporate profit management behavior on management strength, the role of solidity Managing influence on the impact of profit management approaches on market value of the company. The results of the research show that management's strength reduces the use of profit management and management's strength reduces the negative impact of earnings management on the company's value.

In the recent years have been set several requirements such as Mandatory external audit firm rotation and limiting the provision of non-audit services, to improve audit independence and audit quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate requirements effects in audit quality, users confidence, audit fees and it's cost-benefits. The data was collected by questionnaire that it was adopted in previous researches. The samples include 135 auditor and 77 investors (financial managements, experts, senior experts and investment analysts) in Tehran city. The results, showed that Mandatory external audit firm rotation and limiting the provision of non-audit services improve audit quality and users confidence. But, they do not have meaningful effect on audit fees. Also, there is no significant differences on auditors and investors attitudes about above requirements effects in audit quality and users confidence.

This study examined the relationships between accounting and economic variables driving risk and returns on common equity using the theory of residual income were studied. Accounting variables considered in this study are: Market to Book value ratio, Operating leverage, Asset turnover risk and the percentage change of the cost borrowing, also variable risk-free interest rate and risk-free interest rate multiplied by the operating leverage has been used as economic factors. . Method present research investigated the correlation type through field theories in the field of financial and accounting of proof. Also to testing the relationship between the variables being significant regression models is used. Results there was significant correlation between Return on common equity (the dependent variable) accounting variables and economic variables (main independent variable) and respectively 70 and 66 percent approve changes explain Return on common equity.

The object of the study is investigating the effects of applying Symonic Model in estimating Stickiness Behavior of Audit Fees in Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2008 to 2015 years. The research data were extracted from financial statements of companies in Tehran Stock Exchange, and they have been analyzed by Excel and Eviews software. To study the relationship between variables multiple regressions is used. The results showed that audit fees don’ t change according to for seeing Model of Standard Audit Fees. Changing factors affecting audit fees dose not lead to the quick or symmetrical changes in the short period of time (Annuals). The ascending change are more than the descending changes, and the stickiness is face up. The increasing and decreasing changes of audit fees do not follow the specific trend in the medium terms (two-year and three-year). The stickiness is reversing during the long term (four years) and ttendency to reduce is adding (a downward stickiness). The difference between the increase and decrease changes is declining during the long terms and stickiness is becoming lower. Consequently, auditors and clients can predict the stickiness of audit fees for managing the behavior of audit fees on over time.

The present study investigates the relationship between the quality of accounting information and the correlation of company and industry’ s growth rate for the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, different measurement criteria of accounting information quality including earnings sustainability index, earnings smoothing, predictability of earnings and accruals, and a combination of the above ranked variables. In addition, to measure the correlation of company and industry’ s growth rate the following four criteria has been used: Long-term investments, operating profit, sales and capital structure’ s growth rate. The hypothesizes of the research are tested using a sample consisting of 111 of companies for a time period of 15 years from 2003 to 2016 implementing multiple variable regression model and panel data model. Eviews software were employed for calculation. The results of testing the hypotheses show that the high quality of accounting information can assure investors that the amounts invested by them are invested in the core business of the company.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among declaration the rating of companies' floating stocks and amount of transactions, fluctuation-acceptance and return of companies which have been accepted in Tehran stock exchange. For these reasons, 188 numbers of companies which have been accepted in Tehran stock exchange has been investigated and for studying hypothesis, combining data with constant impact and also econometrics software EVIEW 6 has been usedFindings of the research demonstrate that during the period of study there is no meaningful relationship between declaration the companies' floating stocks and amount of transactions, fluctuation-acceptance and the return of stocks but larger companies have great amount of transactions, fluctuation-acceptance of return and return rating in Tehran stock exchange. This issue shows that Iran's capital market is not efficient and therefor declaration of free floating stocks has no impression on amount of transactions, fluctuation-acceptance and stocks return.