Preventive Care in Nursing and Midwifery Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:9 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Background: The World Health Organization has declared domestic violence against women as an important health priority. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the psychological, familial, and social consequences of domestic violence against women who referred to health centers in Zanjan province. Methods: The present study was conducted using a qualitative approach and the grounded theory method. In addition, the purposeful sampling technique was performed among married women who were subjected to violence and referred to the health centers of Zanjan province in 2019. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by thematic analysis. Results: Domestic violence against women in different dimensions including emotional problems, biological problems and psychological trauma, emotional divorce, children’ s problems, economic violence, verbal and physical violence, the lack of support, social rejection, and social incompatibility had devastating effects on the psychological, family, and social status of women. Conclusion: Considering the destructive effects of domestic violence against women, taking serious measures is necessary regarding preventing and reducing these consequences through psychological interventions, educational programs, and counseling for families exposed to violence. Finally, pre-marital workshops should further be provided for young couples by relevant institutions.

Background: Performance-based payment makes rewards and outcomes result in paid satisfaction, which leads to the success and promotion of employee value and alignment with organizational goals in the light of organizational justice. Objectives: This study aimed to assess The role of organizational Justice in Nurses and Midwives’ Satisfaction with Performance-Based Payment (Qasedak Project) in Zanjan Educational Hospitals Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional correlation study was conducted on 149 nurses and midwives in educational hospitals with Cochran formula. The researcher-made questionnaires of satisfaction based on P4P and organizational justice of Moorman and Niehoff were used, and data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and analytic statistics (independent t-test, regression, analysis of variance, and nonparametric Spearman correlation coefficient and cross-tabulation). Results: Nurses and midwives reported moderate organizational justice with an average of 55. 7 and low merit pay satisfaction with an average of 13. There was a positive and significant correlation between organizational justice and job satisfaction (r = 0. 65), the amount of merit pay and satisfaction (r = 0. 33), and organizational justice and the amount of merit pay (r = 0. 23). The results revealed that organizational justice with a standard beta of 0. 58 had a positive effect on the satisfaction with the merit pay received and alone accounted for 33% of the changes. Conclusion: Since there was a positive and direct correlation between organizational justice and nursing and midwifery staff satisfaction, it is recommended that managers accomplish exact and accurate evaluation of staff performance by means of increasing staff’ s awareness of Qasedak project, providing timely feedback to them, and observing justice in the payment of rewards.

Background: The characteristics of maternal schemas play an important role in children’ s psychological health. Identifying the mechanism of the relationship between maternal schema and temperament problems can be the focus of therapeutic interventions. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the ways to predict the relationship between early maladaptive schemas of mothers and children's temperament problems with child adjustment as the mediator. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study based on correlation and path analyses. The sample consisted of 447 Zanjan preschool students who were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. The data were collected using a questionnaire, and the parents of preschool children answered early maladaptive schemas Yang, adolescent child adjustment, and the Malahotra temperamental questionnaires. Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results related to the preschool children and their mothers showed that the direct estimation coefficients of temperament problems based on components of maladaptive schemas were between-09 % to-20%. Besides, the direct coefficients of temperamental problems based on child adjustment were 46%. Overall, maternal maladaptive schemas accounted for 08% of the variance of adjustment and. 33% of the variance in temperamental problems (P = 0. 01). Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that measuring and detecting maladaptive schema of mothers and identifying the type of maladaptive schema and curing them can lead to children adjustment and alleviate their temperamental problems.

Background: The spread and growth of divorce is in critical level in the country and health of family, as the cornerstone of future health of society, is exposed to problems. Objectives: This study tries to investigate the role of relationship beliefs and cognitive insight in quality of marital relationship of divorced women. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study and the participants chosen based on convenience sampling included 80 divorced women who referred to the Social Emergency Center of the Welfare Organization of Zanjan in the final nine months of 2017. The instruments were the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS), the Relationship Belief Inventory (RBI) of Epstein and Eidelson and the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS). To analyze the data, the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used. Results: Results indicated negative and significant relation between relationship beliefs and cognitive insight and the quality of marital relationship of divorced women. The results of regression analysis also indicated that the components of relationship beliefs and cognitive insight both define 51% of the variance of the quality of marital relationship. Conclusion: Results of this research showed importance of taking preventive and medication measures within framework of the educational and counseling programs with respect to the cognitive variables, especially relationship beliefs and cognitive insight.

Background: Managing sexual problems requires skill and enough time and precision. The patient’ s chief complaint and data can alter through treatment processes. Objectives: This case report is about the complexities and challenges of sexual dysfunctions diagnosis in females. Methods: The present study reports different diagnoses of a woman referred to a sexual clinic. Results: A 24 years old woman with a history of 4-year unconsummated marriage due to primary vaginismus referred to a sexologist. Previous visits by gynecologists, psychiatrists, and urologists showed no mental or medical problems in the couple. The woman reported that marriage had been done with the couple’ s consent, she loved her husbands, and no conflict existed between the couple. After examining history and assessing sexual distress and function by means of FSDS-R and BISF questionnaires, routine treatment of vaginismus such as desensitization was initiated through vaginismus diagnosis. Some sessions later, woman’ s narratives and examinations led to the diagnosis of sexual aversion (sexual aversion was one of the DSM-IV categories). Next interviews with the couple revealed that the woman did not suffer from any sexual dysfunction. The woman replaced her husband with her dead father and consequently was not able to have any sexual relationship with her, although she loved him. Conclusion: In the mentioned case, 11 visits and more than 10 hours’ interview were done. One session with the husband alone, three sessions with the couple, and seven sessions with the wife were held. Three distinctive diagnoses were considered. Although enough time was devoted to introduction in the first session (60 minutes), correct diagnosis needed more visits. The process of the client’ s trust to the therapist occurred gradually, and frequent interviews and separated man and woman visits were crucial for precise diagnosis.

Background: Occupational stress can have seriously negative effects on the physical, psychological, and economic dimensions of nurses working in the intensive care units (ICUs). Objectives: Thus, this study was conducted to determine occupational stress in nurses who work in ICUs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 120 nurses in three hospitals in Kerman, southeastern Iran. Data were gathered by Socio-Demographic Information and Osipow Occupational Stress questionnaires. Results: The mean of occupational stress and all its constructs were at the moderate-high level. The highest mean score was related to role overload (37. 11± 3. 63) while the lowest mean score belonged to role boundary (30. 32± 3. 66). No statistically significant differences were found between the mean of occupational stress and participants’ characteristics. Conclusion: Considering the moderate-high level of occupational stress in ICU nurses, we recommend hospital authorities to take appropriate measures to prevent and manage stressors in ICU nurses to improve the quality of care and patients’ satisfaction.

Background: First-degree female relatives of the patients with breast cancer have a higher risk of breast cancer than the general population does due to shared genetic factors and environmental and lifestyle similarities. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the participation status of first-degree relatives of women with breast cancer in screening programs. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2 to September 30, 2019, in the oncology unit of a university hospital in Turkey. All women who were first-degree relatives of registered patients at the specified time were considered without going through sample selection. Accordingly, 281 first-degree relatives of 135 breast cancer patients were included in the study. The data were collected by means of face-to-face interviews, the individual identification form created by the researchers in line with the literature, and the breast cancer screening program participation form. The data obtained from the study were evaluated using numbers, percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, and chi square test in the SPSS 23 statistical program. Results: In this study, it was found that only 63. 3% of women knew breast self-examination, and only 37. 4%of those women do it regularly. Morover 34. 9% of women stated that they had clinical breast examinations before, and 24. 6% had mammography before. It was found that women with secondary education or higher and benign breast disease had higher participation rates in all screening programs, and women over 40 years of age had higher rates of clinical breast examination and mammography (p<0. 05). Conclusion: We concluded that women with first-degree relatives who have breast cancer do not adequately participate in the breast cancer screening program. We recommned information trainings be organized to raise awareness of women at risk group in terms of screening.

Background: Nurses experience moral distress due to barriers in the workplace in the process of moral decision-making. It seems that the psychological ability of nurses in clinical environments can reduce their moral distress. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of moral distress and psychological ability of nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Shahroud University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, all eligible nurses were included in the study through the convenience sampling method. Two questionnaires were used to collect the data, including Corley's Moral Distress Scale and Spritzer’ s Psychological Empowerment. Finally, data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics. SPSS software was used to analyze the data by descriptive and inferential statistics tests such as independent t-test, Pearson’ s correlation, and unilateral analysis. (P-vlue <0. 05). Results: The average frequency and intensity of the moral distress in nurses were classified based on the upper floor as 2. 41 ± 1. 02 and 2. 63 ± 0. 86, and the psychological capacity of the nurses was placed in the middle class which was 31. 88 ± 4. 92. Based on the findings, the frequency of moral distresshad an inverse relationship with the dimensions of independence and effectiveness and the total score of psychological ability (P<0. 05). Eventually, there was a significant direct association between the average score of moral distress tension and the merit dimension of nurses’ psychological ability (P<0. 05). Conclusion: In general, a statistically significant relationship was found between moral distress and psychological ability in line with the interventions aimed at combating moral distress.