Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:11 | Issue:3|Papers Count:15

Introduction: Due to the resistance of microorganisms against antibiotics, the use of medicinal herbs as alternative medicines has become commonplace. The purpose of this study was to explore the antimicrobial effects of aqueous, ethanolic and acetonic extracts of Rosa damascenon on E. coli as one of the most common pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Extraction was carried out using soaking method. To determine the antimicrobial effect of different extracts of Rosa damascenon, Agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods were employed. Results: The results showed that ethanolic extract has better antimicrobial effect than other extracts. The halo size and the minimum inhibitory concentration for the ethanolic extract of Rosa damascenon were 21mm and M=25μ g / ml respectively. The aqueous extract of Rosa damascenon was free of any antimicrobial effect against E. coli. Conclusions: Because of the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascenon, clinical studies can be conducted to illuminate the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascenon in treating infections.

Introduction: Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the modern societies, which results from the non-stop growth of cells in the body. Due to the advancement of nanobiotechnology, highly effective herbal metabolites can be used to treat cancer. Apigenin is a natural flavonoid that is found in abundance in fruits, vegetables and herbs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized by apigenin on MCF-7 cell line. Methods: In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using apigenin. Antioxidant effects of synthetized nanoparticle were evaluated using ABTS and DPPH assays. The cytotoxicity effects of silver nanoparticles were evaluated by MTT assay towards breast cancer cells. Results: The obtained results showed that the silver nanoparticles synthesized using apigenin had a significant effect on scavenging free radicals. Also, these nanoparticles had a cytotoxicity property towards MCF-7 cells and reduced the survival of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: Based on our results, silver nanoparticles synthetized using apigenin have cytotoxicity as well as antioxidant properties towards MCF-7 cancer cells and can be proposed as a suitable nanoparticle in the field of pharmacy and medicine.

Introduction: In the past 20 years, computers and their workplaces have increased at both offices and houses, which consequently has led to saving in time, energy and resources. This study aimed to weight risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among computer users through neural network. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at 200 stations in Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Firstly, the factors affecting musculoskeletal disorders through ROSA were determined, and then the score for each of them was determined. Then, the final score of user's musculoskeletal disorders was determined, and after pre-processing, the prediction of the effect of factors was obtained using neural network. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Modeler 18. 0. Results: The average of final score of ROSA, chair, telephone-monitor and mouse-keyboard were 4. 36 ± 0. 91, 3. 67 ± 1. 06, 3. 68 ± 1. 09 And 3. 66 ± 1. 18 respectively. 131 Workstation (65. 5%) had a score less than 5 & 69 Workstation (34. 5%) had a score equal to or greater than 5. Based on neural network algorithm Chair factor with a normalized weighting 41%; telephone-monitor factor with a normalized weighting 31% and finally mouse-keyboard factor with a weighting factor 28% were respectively effective factors on disorders caused by working with computers. Conclusions: The most normalized weight is for chair, and then the telephone-monitor and mouse-keyboard. We should include ergonomic interventions considering the effect of each factor (normalized weighting of factors) provided by neural network to decrease such disorders.

Introduction: Autism disorder is a disorder characterized by stereotypic behaviors associated with social failure disorders. The purpose of this study was to design an educational application and its effectiveness in reducing the syndrome of children with autism. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study (pre-test, post-test with control group). The statistical sample of this study was 30 autistic children aged 7 to 12 years with autism who were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. First, both groups were subjected to pretest by Garz test. Then, the intervention group was trained under 10 sessions of one hour, but the control group did not take any activity and at the end of the Garz test as a post-test, they were used on both groups. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: Research findings showed that there is a significant difference the mean of the intervention group and the control group in the posttest after moderating the mean of the pretest, and the application of the mean score of the intervention group in social, social, and social skills was 5. 93, 4. 87, 4. 8 in the pretest to 3. 13, 2. 4 and 2. 87 in the post-test (P < 0. 001). Conclusions: The results show that the performance of communication, social skills and stereotypical behaviors has been enhanced with the use of the Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS) and the use of this application can be used in teaching children autism spectrum.

Introduction: Self-Medication is a major problem in the treatment cycle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and factors affecting self-medication in children were referred to the Sheikh Hospital's clinic of Mashhad. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 198 children who were referred to the Sheikh Hospital's clinic. The sampling was according to census method. The data-gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire for parents. Data analysis was performed using SPSS20 software and descriptive statistics. Results: Of the 198 cases studied, 161 (81. 6%) of the parents had self-medication for their child. The most commonly reported cases of self-medication were colds (64. 1%), fever (60. 1%) and digestive diseases (17. 7%). Antipyretics (66. 2%), common cold drugs (57. 6%), anti-cough drugs (30. 8%), and antibiotics (24. 7%) were the most commonly used drugs. The lack of access or expensive visit of the physician (60%), availability and easy access to drugs (60%), and previous self-medication experience (50%) were the most important factors influencing the selfmedication. There was a significant relationship between father's education (P = 0. 006), mother's education (P = 0. 001) and family income (P = 0. 03) with self-medication; and in very high or very low education, or low family income self-medication increased. Conclusions: Preventive measures seem to be necessary. In this regard, provision of training programs to inform the community about the dangers of self-medication, as well as adoption of preventive measures from the relevant institutions could be suggested.

Introduction: One of the most common disorders during pregnancy is sleep disorders and the most common is it insomnia. One of the ways that may correct sleep disorders is training. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the education based on continuous care model and Telehealth on the severity of insomnia in pregnant women. Methods: This clinical trial study with random multistage sampling was conducted on three groups of 91 pregnant women referring to health centers in Mashhad city in 2017. Intervention was conducted for 12 weeks for groups of continuous care model and Telehealth, and usual care of health centers was done for control group. Data collection tool was an insomnia severity index (ISI) that was completed before intervention, immediately after that and 4 weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, Descriptive statistics and statistical tests were used. Results: The results of the statistical tests showed that the three groups was matched in terms of age, gestational age, number of children, number of pregnancies, mother's education and pregnancy status (P <0. 05). There was no significant difference in severity of insomnia before the study in all three groups (P = 0. 235); there was a significant difference immediately after intervention and 4 weeks after it in all three groups (P <0. 001). Conclusions: Training based on continuous care model and Telehealth, both lead to reduce pregnant women insomnia. Therefore, Given that the telehealth method is cheaper and easier, this method can be used to improve the sleep disorders in pregnant women.

Introduction: Children of divorce experience many psychological and social problems during their future lives and they need to be trained and supported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of Parent – Child Interaction and Adler-Dreikurs method on the quality of Parent-Child Relationship in divorced mother’ s children. Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental, pre-test, post-test, and control group. The statistical society included divorced mothers referred to psychology and counseling organization centers of Mashhad city during 2017. Among them, 60 parents with their children selected and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The Parent-Child Interaction group received 15 sessions, Adler-Dreikurs approach trained for 10 sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected using a Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS) in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. For analyzing the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurement was performed using SPSS-21 software. Results: Multi factor analysis of variance with repeated measurements indicated that training the mothers in two Parent-Child Interaction and Adler-Dreikurs approaches improves the quality of parent-child relationship. The Adler-Dreikurs approach training was more effective than control and parent-child interaction groups. Conclusions: The results indicated that using parent-child interaction and Adler-Dreikurs can improve the parent-child relationship, and the Adler-Dreikurs method is more effective.

Introduction: Food choices in autistic children are problematic and nutritional deficiencies is spotted in them. The purpose of this study is to compare anthropometric indices and dietary intake of autistic children with healthy children. Methods: In this case-control study, the frequency of food intake and anthropometric indices for 90 autistic children and 93 healthy children aged 5 to 12 years were collected by food frequency questionnaire and general information questionnaire. Results: Only 23% of children with autism had a normal body mass index, compared to 63% for healthy children. Autistic children were in higher tertile for whole and refined grains, solid and liquid oils, simple sugars, honey and jams, beverages, snacks and desserts and salt and lower percentile of consumption for fruits and vegetables compared to healthy children. Conclusions: Body mass index in children with autism due to weight gain in these children should be taken into consideration. The dietary intake of autistic child is different from that of a healthy child and the dietary intake of these children should be investigated.

Introduction: Considering that the dietary intake analyses conducts using software that designed in foreign countries, based on foreign food composition tables, the present study aimed to compare the amounts of calcium, Iron, phosphorus and zinc in some native food items with Nutritionist IV software values. Methods: 15 food items from 22 areas of Tehran city were analyzed chemically and compared by the values presented in Nutritionist IV (modified) software using One Sample T Test. Results: Based on our findings, iron levels in the sanghak and Lavash breads were lower than software values (P = 0. 04), phosphorus level in rice and eggs was less than the software value (P = 0. 05, and P = 0. 001), zinc level in the egg samples was higher than software values (P = 0. 007), the amount of iron in veal and lamb meats was significantly more and less than the amounts in the software (respectively, P = 0. 01 and P = 0. 01), the iron content of lighvan and white cheese was lower than the software values (for both samples, P = 0. 02). Conclusions: The results of this study showed significant differences between the chemical analyses with values found in the Nutritionist IV software, and the need for extensive experiments on native food items for the design of dietary analyses software are sensed.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes was considered one of the major reasons for mortality. Depression disorder is one of the most common psychological difficulties in this patients that its creation can affected sickness prognosis. Present study was done with the aim of effectiveness of dynamic-supportive psychotherapy on type 2 diabetes patient’ s depression. Methods: This study was done with the experimental simulation method with pretest and posttest design with control group in 1395. In this research, 20 person was present that having depression recognition from average type to intense type with the objective and voluntary approach were selected and with random replacement were replaced in experimental and control group. Dynamic-supportive group was under 15 psychotherapy session. The gathered information was analyzed with analysis covariance. Results: Results showed that dynamic-supportive treatment in comparison to the control group has meaningful difference (P<0. 001) that’ s means it became effective in depression treatment. Conclusions: In type 2 diabetes patients that for controlling their sickness have to use medicine, dynamic-supportive treatment could be good way for decrease the depression.

Introduction: Poor epistemological beliefs are among the reasons which will lead a person to tiredness, lack of motivation and distrust to personal abilities. This is usually resulted from the fact that individuals with such beliefs image the knowledge as unrelated and confusing elements which surrounded by references and they will never try for learning it. In the recent years, there are high interest for studying the relation between the epistemological beliefs and self-regulated strategies. In the current study, the possible relation between epistemological beliefs and Selfregulating learning strategies among students in North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences was investigated. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, a group of volunteer NKUMS students (n=625) whom selected based on the census results were investigated. Data on demographic information, Schumer's Epistemological Beliefs and Self-Regulated Learning Strategies (MSLQ) collected by using three questionnaires. SPSS software (version 18) was used for running descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: In the current study, a significant statistical relation between the epistemological beliefs and Self-regulating learning strategies among NKUMS students was observed. There was a positive significant statistically relation among Self-regulating learning strategies and simplicity of Knowledge (r=0. 160, P<0. 001). There was statistically significant negative relation among component like the inborn talents(r=-0. 361, P<0. 001) and fast learning ability(r=-0. 266, P<0. 001) with self-regulating learning strategies, while no statistically significant relation among source of knowledge and certainty of knowledge with self-regulating learning strategies was determined (P>0. 05). Conclusions: The results of the current study on NKUMS students showed that epistemological beliefs have a positive influence on self-regulating learning strategies among students.

Introduction: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have neuroprotective effect through binding with tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). Thus the Aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks endurance training on BDNF and TrkB levels in the hippocampus of ischemic induced male rats. Methods: 40 Male wistar rats (12 weeks old and 228. 19± 21. 18g) were divided into four groups, including: ischemic control, ischemic training, healthy control, healthy training. To induce ischemia, carotid artery is clamped with microsurgery clamp for 45 minutes. Training groups (healthy and ischemic), trained with 30m/min (70% VO2max), 30min/day, and 5 days/week on the treadmill. BDNF and TrkB levels of the hippocampus were measured using ELISA method. For data analysis, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were performed at a significance level of P˂ 0. 05. Results: The results showed that BDNF levels in hippocampus of ischemic control group were significantly lower than healthy control and healthy training group (P values 0. 001, 0. 002 respectively). No significant differences were found between BDNF levels in ischemic training with ischemic control and healthy control group (p values 0. 54, 0. 091 respectively) and No significant differences were found between TrkB levels in ischemic control with healthy control and ischemic control group (p values 0. 675, 0. 821 respectively). TrkB level in healthy training group was significantly higher than healthy control, healthy training groups (P=0. 001). Conclusions: Based on these results, it seems that endurance training can have neuroprotective effect through increasing the level of BDNF and TrkB level in hippocampus of ischemic rats and can be studied as a complementary therapy in ischemic disease.

Introduction: Dental units are among the equipment that flows through the dental application, and due to the durability of water and the probability of forming the biofilm. They can have a high microbial load. It is important to investigate this pollution, which should be frequently investigated due to the incidence of dangerous infections in people with weakness of the defense system, pollution and dental units. The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of bacterial infection and pollutant of Water Supply in Dental units at Bojnourd dental school 2017. Methods: This study was conducted by descriptive _ analytical method on the water units in Bojnourd dental school. 30 active units of the College of Dentistry were selected for the sampling. The samples were cultured on proprietary environments, and after 48 h at 37 ° C the number of microbial colonies was counted. And finally the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 20. Results: The results showed that the average total bacterial count before flushing and after flushing was 711 and 293 cfu / ml, respectively, which had the highest level of contamination in water before flushing. Conclusions: The results of this study concluded that flushing was one of the best methods to reduce microbial contamination and Considering that dental units at Bojnourd dental school are polluted, dentists should pay more attention to prevent infection from infected patients and dental staff.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hyperglycemia stress in children referred to the pediatric emergency department in Neyshabur city in 2015. Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional prospective study was conducted on 1484 children referred to emergency department in Neyshabur city. Clinical biography involving fever, seizure, dehydration, abnormal respiration, and admission to ICUs were considered as an independent stress. Blood glucose measured using glucose oxidase, enzyme, which was analyzed using Pars Azmoon kits. In this study, ≥ 150 mg/dL blood sugar was considered as hyperglycemia. The data were coded and entered into SPSS software version 16 and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In general, 79 patients (5. 4%) had blood glucose greater than 150 mg/dL, that they were diagnosed with hyperglycemia. Also, 5. 03% of children were identified with dehydration. There was a significant difference between the presence and absence of hyperglycemia and body temperature in children referred to the pediatric emergency department (χ 2= 38. 8) (P= 0. 01). Conclusions: Hyperglycemia stress is a common clinical event in patients referred to the emergency department. Although risk factor associated with hyperglycemic stress is not completely identified, there is a relationship between fever and dehydration with stress hyperglycemia.

Introduction: Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (ALNH) or Castleman’ s disease (CD) is an unusual benign non-neoplastic lymphoproliferative disease. CD can present as a localised mass. In this paper a rare case of Castleman’ s disease in a 34 years old woman with a cervical mass is presented. Case Presentation: A 34 years-old woman presented in July 2018 with a painful mass neck that was appeared in 2010 referred to pain clinic because of painful cervical mass. She presented to a general surgeon. Primary par clinic assessments such as ultrasound and CT scan revealed that the mass is not cancerous and surgery is dangerous because the sites of the mass. During the last year size of the mass increased rapidly and, patient decided to get rid of the mass because of pain and bad view in her neck. She had no associated symptoms with the mass such as weight loss, fever, excessive sweating during 7 years ago. On physical examination we found a 2/5 cm tendered bulged mass which was stacked to left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The routine laboratory tests was normal. Patient underwent ultrasound and CT scan again. Ultrasound demonstrated a 60mm*27mm*40 mm well defined homogenous hypo echoic mass in left posterior cervical triangle. The CT-Scan demonstrated a 60mm*30mm *42 mm well defined homogenous oval mass isodense to sternocleidomastoid muscle in left posterior cervical triangle. Differential diagnosis was posterior cervical schwanoma, carotid body tumor, lymphoma and reactive lymphadenopathy. Patient underwent surgery successfully. The pathology report demonstrated the diagnosis is Castleman’ s disease. Conclusions: Castleman’ disease is one of the differential diagnoses of masses in the neck. Histopathlogically findings is needed to achieving a definitive diagnosis. Some types of CD are associated with malignancies such as nonhodgkin lymphoma, Kaposi’ s sarcoma, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, or carcinoma.