SOCIETAL SECURITY STUDIES
Year:2010 | Volume:- | Issue:23|Papers Count:13

Industrialization and urbanization have both led to structural changes, as a result, family has been affected by the changes, because these two factors played an important role in reducing fertility and life expectancy. As a result of the above- mentioned issues, ground is paved for women's education and cooperation. Marriage age and giving birth to babies has gone up. As a result, individualism, enhancement of expectations from marriage, and women's income increase, has significantly contributed to increasing divorce rate. With respect to the fact that divorce, over the past decades has had a rising trend in industrial countries and many developing countries, and whereas Iran is a developing country, family organ has been subject to changes under modernization trend. The question to be answered is: «Is there a direct relationship between development and divorce in Iran? » The research is of documentary type and based on secondary analysis of headcount data of Iran's statistics centre and statistical yearbook of "Birth Registry Office" and Health Ministry information in 2006.The total number of towns in Iran was 331, in 2006.101 out of 331 towns, due to absence of divorce statistics have been omitted. All together, 230 towns selected as statistical and sample group.Development index is developed by taxonomy software, and SPSS is used to analyze the relationship between variables and divorce. With respect to the amount of correlation coefficient and level of significance (R=0.421, P<0.01), there is significant and direct relationship between development and divorce.Therefore, with respect to the direction of correlation coefficient, it can be argued that there is direct relationship between level of development and divorce.Regression analysis is used to review the simultaneous impact of independent variables on divorce. Three variables out of seven independent variables- development, ethnicity, family dimension, and fertility, marriage prematurity of women ranging from 15 to19, women employment, and women higher education- have entered regression equation which are: development, ethnicity and fertility have significant relationship with dependent variable. These three variables all together account for 25 percent of changes in dependent variable.Finally, variables of development, ethnicity and fertility have had direct impact on divorce, and share of development variable has been more than the others.Variables of women higher education and employment have been also effective on development, however their impact on divorce has been indirect.

The present research is conducted on the basis of training and social necessities based on family factors effective in delinquency. The research aims at comparing family processes and actions among ordinary and delinquent juvenile. N=60 including 15 delinquent girls and 45 delinquent boys resident in Adelabad reformatory of Shiraz, and a group of ordinary juvenile including 60 individuals (15 girls and 45 boys) from Shiraz high school students, who selected from among 350 students through duplicating with the delinquent group (based on age, gender, and level of education).The tool used in the research includes family organization system (2008).Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and also referential statistics (single variable variance analysis test, and multi- variable variance analysis test) used for analyzing the data. Results of the analysis indicated that there is significant difference in family processes and actions among ordinary and delinquent juveniles, in such a way that there was also significant difference in terms of family process and family respect and integration, and decision making strategies, problem solving and comparative skills between ordinary and delinquent juveniles. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the other two aspects (communicative skills and religious orientation).

Security in economic sector is among the most essential issues, and Bazaar' s security as a place where economic activities takes place is pretty essential.On the other hand, social contribution in security establishment is one of the proofs of cooperation in national development, because full-scale development is impossible without establishment of full-scale order and security.This approach considers security as a social and people–oriented product. The present research aims at reviewing factors contributing to establishment of security in bazaar in Zanjan City. Through benefiting from theories having impact on factors effective in cooperation and through survey, various aspects of the issue are reviewed. Statistical population included 940 shops in traditional bazaar in Zanjan.273 businessmen in bazaar interviewed based on Cockran formula.According to the findings of the research, it came out that there is significant relationship between trust level in police and cooperation of businessmen in establishment of security in bazaar. There is also significant relationship between businessmen's vision toward cooperation, level of their membership and activity in societies and organizations, extent of using mass media, type of business and activity, their age, gender and education, and their cooperation in establishment of security.

The present research aims at reviewing factors contributing to theft among the juvenile imprisoned in Tehran reformatory through utilizing factor analysis technique and experimental induction in 2009.The research uses survey method for collecting information. Questionnaire and exploration and document based interview are the tools used for collecting information. The tool used for analyzing data is SPSS.N=125help seeker boys imprisoned in Tehran reformatory accused of theft.Therefore, with respect to the low number of statistical population, there is no sampling.The present research identifies 38 parameters related to theft. Meanwhile, the parameters have been classified and summarized in the framework of six general factors through using factor analysis technique. With respect to the achieved factors, general results of the research are as follows: 1-There is significant relationship between reference groups and those who have committed crime by juveniles.2- There is significant relationship between individual’s experience along with societal control and theft commitment by juvenile.3- There is significant relationship between individuals’ mirror- like personality and theft commitment by juvenile.4- There is significant relationship between being far away from values and norms dominating individuals’ life and theft commitment by juvenile.5- There is significant relationship between respondent’s educations, place of residence, the degree he drinks alcoholic drinks, takes drugs and psychedelic pills and theft commitment by juvenile.

95 youth and juveniles ranging from 15 to 35who are addicted to industrial drugs, and referred to addiction quitting centers, answered the questions in the self- made questionnaire and MMPI questionnaire and the feedback used for reviewing the reasons of youth’s tendency toward industrial drug use. The statistical analysis indicates that there is significant relationship between the youth addicted to industrial drugs referring to addiction quitting centers in Semnan and the youth who are normal. Findings of the research contain important points for treatment of those who are addicted to industrial drugs.

Islamic movement is the major axis in national unity, which was based on «Ashura» school of thought by Imam Khomeini. Therefore, Islamic movement is a pivotal movement which forms unity. On the other hand, performance of cultural-human capitals in more proper realization of social-regional security and in religious beliefs, and playing role in human resources is proportionate with the type and level of organizational and social beliefs. Therefore, position of religion and formation of human resources' belief should be determined in it. It is noteworthy that our security is based on our religion and relies on a divine system. On the contrary, a lot of efforts are made to isolate Iran. Hence, determination of national unity strategy and Islamic coherence to combat the movements of enemies is pretty essential. Therefore, it is essential to change tactic against the new socio-political movement in the 21 century and outset of the third millennium. Enemies have aimed their attacks at Iran's nation and Islam world as the main center of the capability, and adopting a strategy to divide people in national and religious terms is of importance to them.In line with this, it is stressed that national contribution to social security is the ground to reinforce national unity and Islamic coherence. Police forces have managed to take some measures in this regard and have acted very well.The measures taken by police are: security policies, prevention, reduction of conflict in national and regional level, development of citizens’ security living in suburbs, decisive confrontation with superstition, and with fanatic cultural extremism such as hitting dagger over head in religious ceremonies, and meaningful guidance of public thought.In the author's point of view, police able to establish and develop security is a police which pays attention to its own human resources, and makes people trust in it, and can improve public satisfaction and make people cooperate in social activities.

The current research is aiming at reviewing personality characters effective in social discipline with respect to religious fidelity among Tehrani citizens in a descriptive way.The statistical population of the research includes all Tehrani citizens over 18 years of age. N=375 sampled among individuals of over 18 in the third municipality region in Tehran.Result of the research indicated that the more socialized and compatible are the individuals the more they become disciplined, and religion may have significant impact on the relationship between the two factors. Results indicated those who are infidel, especially those who are bipolar religious individuals, have not achieved stability in terms of religious fidelity, are vulnerable in terms of social discipline. The above-mentioned individuals have some difficulties related to mental health and excitement stability.