Tibbi- i- kar
Year:2015 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Accidents are the third leading cause of death in the world and the second cause in our country. Identifying the factors influencing occupational accidents in the prevention of these accidents are useful. One of these factors is cognitive variables. So, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulation as the predictions of the occupational accidents of the staff in an industrial company.Methods: In this descriptive – correlation study, the population are all operations employees working in an industry company (N= 1160). 265 employees were selected through stratified random sampling method. Participants in this study were measured by using safety self-efficacy, work regulatory focus at work and incident reporting rates scales. In order to analyze the data, the multiple regression analysis, and in the validation stage, the confirmatory factor analysis were applied using software AMOS-21 and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was measured using software SPSS-19.Results: Findings indicated that correlation coefficients between safety self-efficacy with occupational accidents were negative and significant (p<0.0001). Correlation coefficients between focus on preventing accidents with occupational accidents were negative and significant (p<0.0001). Correlation coefficients between promotion focus with occupational accidents were positive and significant (p<0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that from among the three independent variables, only two variables of prevention focus and safety self-efficacy found permit entry into the regression equation (R2=0.174, p<0.0001).Conclusion: The results of this study showed the importance of two cognitive variables, prevention focuses and safety self-efficacy, as the predictions of occupational accidents. Therefore, in order to select people for high risk environments such as petrochemical industry and also in training courses it should be focused on these variables.

Introduction: Refineries are considered as the base of many accidents and incidences due to their close proximity with dangerous substances, products, and production processes. This study analyzed the consequences of H2S leakage scenario from clot stuck unit of South Pars Gas Refinery and determined the dangerous boundaries and the risk limits of this scenario.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. It was carried out in gas refineries of South Pars Phases 2 and 3. To evaluate the gas dispersion modality and the effectiveness of leakage scenario, the PHAST 6.53.1 software was used. To do so, firstly, the different scenarios of leakage were determined under these conditions, and then different climatic conditions affecting these scenarios were identified. Ultimately, the consequences of these scenarios were determined and these dangerous boundaries and risk limits of these scenarios for the effective and impacted areas were determined at two-level criteria of the LC and IDLH.Results: The findings of this study demonstrated that distance risk of LC50 for H2S Toxic dispersion for the restricted areas was 224 m and the distance risk of the IDLH for H2S Toxic dispersion for the impacted area was 386 m, respectively. Also, the results revealed that the ENI camp was in the dominant current direction in the distance of 200 m from phases 2 and 3. In the case of occurrence of leakages, many human damages and losses would happen. Consequently, it is mandatory to change the place of residence of camp inhabitants and immediately take appropriate engineering control measures.Conclusion: Using the data related to hazards and considering the results of the conducted analysis, and also assessing the consequences in the frame of risk limit, the collective risks of these disaster scenarios could be determined by the use of population assessment software.

Introduction: Employees are often faced with some stressful situations that with their self-concept content, affect their job satisfaction, mental and physical health. Also, religious orientation plays an important role. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of religious orientation in relation to the self-concept of job stress.Methods: This is a descriptive, correlational study. The population was female employees in Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 150 individuals were selected by simple random sampling method, with ages ranging between 32 to 64 years were selected. The measurement tools of this research were Tennessee Self Concept Scale (TSCS), Intrinsic and Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale (IERS) and Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Stress Questionnaire. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used.Results: Religious orientation can have a mediating role in the relationship between self-concept and job stress. People with religious beliefs, achieve greater self-awareness, which can be helpful in reducing stress.Conclusion: Spiritual help making sure of receiving divine support in times of need is a suitable way to reduce job stress. Key words: Religious Orientation, Self-Concept, Job Stress.

Introduction: Back pain is one of the most human somatic complaints. More than 90 percent of adult experienced back pain in their life time. Many Studies have shown that different aspects of working such as physical features, life style, and psycho- social factors have effect on back pain. Despite the great economic and social impacts of back pain, there have been very little information about the different aspects of it. Therefore, the purpose of this study is investigating the effect of life events on occupational back pain of car factory workers.Methods: The study was conducted in a car factory over 3830 workers, using a MUSIC questionnaire, which is a comprehensive questionnaire on musculoskeletal disorders and investigates different aspects of these disorders. After collecting the data, they were analyzed statistically using software SPSS.Results: The results obtaining through statistical tests indicated that life events such as conflict with a spouse, changing of workplace, financial problems (p=0.001), etc. significantly associated with back pain in addition to other factors such as age (p=0.001), education (p=0.008), work experience (p=0.000), smoking (p=0.013) and physical working conditions.Conclusions: In addition to ergonomic factors, psycho - Social factors and life events should be considered to reduce the occupational back pain among car factory workers.

Introduction: Mental workload is a set of factors that affect on the mental processes of information, providing decision making and individual reactions in the workplace. This study aimed to assess the mental work load and effective factors on it among the emergency medical personnel during the rescue missions, and transportation of the injured persons.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 emergency medical personnel in Isfahan in 2013. For data collection, a standard questionnaire was used. The NASA TLX is an assessment tool that rates perceived workload on 6 different subscales: Mental demand, Physical demand and temporal demand, Frustration, effort, and performance. Score of mental work load was determined by NASA-TLX (V.2) software. Using SPSS 18 through Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test, independent t test, spearman and multivariate linear regression were analyzed.Results: Average scores on the mental workload during the complex mission emergency medical personnel according to the weight and rating of each of sextet scales, (81.25±4.81) were calculated. The highest score sextet scales of NASA-TLX mental workload was for mental demands (90.10±8.41) and the lowest score related to the disappointment (55.20±8.01) of emergency medical personnel during the mission emergency medical personnel.Conclusion: Results showed that the emergency medical personnel at the mission complex emergencies exposed to high mental load that the main reasons were caused of the need to high speed action, make important decisions, and fast transportation of injured persons to the medical centers. This mental workload can lead to increase the error in the emergency medical personal, therefore, ergonomic and psychosocial interventions are suggested to reduce the human errors, stress and stress and fatigue among the emergency medical personnel job performance.

Introduction: Despite the automation and updating different industrial sections, still, man, plays an important role in various areas of designing, operating, maintenance and monitoring of each system. All activities were done in these sections affected by the special working conditions or opportunities. These items formed a set of triplex MTO (man, technology and organization). Therefore, in order to reduce the human errors and promote the safety, identification and assessing the effective working conditions on the common performance conditions (CPCs) and determining of cognitive failure probability using fuzzy CREAM were considered as a necessity.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. It was done in the control room and repair and maintenance of one of the operating areas of Gas Transmission Company. The participants were 52 employees were selected through census sampling procedure. To do this research, at first, the critical jobs were identified then provided a questionnaire to assess conditions performance commons (CPCs). After getting questioners fuzzy results, with use of the fuzzy CREAM, probability controls and the Cognitive Failure Probability total (CFPt) was determined.Results: According to results of basic CREAM fuzzy approach, to all tasks, shift, shift supervisor, shift chief and repairs, and tactical control were determined.Conclusion: Due to the early approach of fuzzy CREAM, CPCs factors associated with improved performance reliability, including working conditions, the time available to do the work, availability to methods and applications which can cause create tactical control style. According to the results of this study, none of the CPCs factors reduce the reliability on operator performance.

Introduction: Extremely low frequency magnetic field is a part of electromagnetic spectrum with frequency range from 30-300 Hz, which effects on the mental and physical health. In the current conditions, some of the labor affairs authorities believe that psychological problems are the main problem among the workers. The present study was designed to assess general health and depression in workers who are exposed to these fields.Methods: This is a case-control study. In order to evaluate the exposure of these two groups, magnetic flux density with extremely low frequency was measured with TES-1394 device in workplace and staff commuter. Beck Depression Inventory and General Health Questionnaires were used to assess general health status and depression.Results: There are significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of public health (p<0.003) and depression (p=0.031). 60% of the workers who were exposed to these magnetic fields were suspected to the general health problems and 68% of these were reported different degrees of depression (mild 20%, moderate 30%, severe 10%).Conclusion: General health and depression among the workers who were exposed to magnetic fields had a significant difference compared with the control group. Lower general health and higher rates of depression were seen in the case group. According to the previous studies, analysis and interpreting of the effects of these magnetic fields on the outbreak of depressive symptoms were difficult and this was because of the different results from different studies.

Introduction: Heat-related diseases are common disorders in many industries. Heat stress can cause changes in the secretion of some plasma hormones. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of heat stress on concentrations of serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) hormones among foundry workers.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out with 35 workers of a foundry industry in summer 2013. In order to investigate the relationships between chronic and acute effects of heat on concentrations of thyroid hormones, 10- cc blood sample was obtained and determined using ELISA kit. Indoor air parameters were measured in mid-August at 7 workstations in this industry. Paired t- test and Wilcoxon test were applied to determine the relationships between variables before and after heat exposure.Results: The WBGT index in the studied stations was 35°C and the mean of dry temperature and radiation was 40.53°C and 47.5± 6oC, respectively. The results of this research revealed that in the experimental group, the acute exposure to heat can cause significant decreases in the concentration of thyroid hormones and serum triiodothyronine (p< 0.001). A positive correlation was found between the concentration of T3 hormone among the workers, WBGT index, and the ambient air temperature.Conclusion: Acute exposure to heat can cause reduction in the levels of T3 and T4 hormones among the workers. Changes in the level of T3 hormone may be observed as one of the heat strain indexes.