PAZUHESHNAME-YE ENGHELABE ESLAMI
Year:2013 | Volume:2 | Issue:8|Papers Count:7

Despite “Jack Goldestone” claims on strong tendencies among sociological and political scholars in order to study and explain revolutions, most of them consider “Revolution” as a kind of violation of domestic and international norms and principles rulling internal and international society and since, as a phenomenon against stability, order and security. This approach rooted in conservatisit view in the favour of controlling any revolution against great powers interest, occurring all over the world especially in third world. Accordingly, this article tries to answer this important question: Why international studies suffer theoretical poverty in order to explain Iranian Islamic Revolution (IRR) and which of main paradigms could offer more capabale theories explaining IRR? Main hypothesis of the article is that “Relaism” has the least capability and “consrtructivism” has the most capability to explain IRR. Liberalism and English School are in the middle range of this spectrum.

Revolutions are the international phenomena, because their ideas expand. Revolution of Iran is similar with other revolutions in the theme of the Change of the International Order. Authors of the present article has a presupposition that based on the being the unsimilarity between the patterns of the revolution’s export. The other assumption of the paper is proximity between the two national roles (Example State and Internal Development) and the peaceful / cultural pattern of the export of Islamic Revolution of Iran. Then, authors try to counting the themes of the national roles of example state and internal development in the speeches and writings of Ayattollah Khamenei, the supreme leader of Islamic Republic of Iran, in 1989-2009. As a conclution we find a remarkable notice: the frequency of the national roles of example state and internal development are the indiction of the acceptance of the peaceful / cultural pattern of the export of Islamic Revolution of Iran for achieving the transnational interests of the Islamic Revolutuion in the foreign policy of Islamic Republic of Iran.

Most of revolution theories have tried to provide general framework for the revolution analysis while each revolution has got its unique attribute. As well as these theories have been developed mainly based on Cartesian- Newtonian thinking which is useful for simple problems but the revolution is a result of complex social system. Iran’s 1979 revolution is the one of most important revolutions in the world which has challenged the reductionism approaches. With this assumption, this paper tries to re-answer the question “why the Iran’s 1979 revolution has happened?” based on holistic (system) approach and system dynamics methodology. Identification of problem’s structure is essential to explain and analyze the revolution. System dynamics methodology introduces proper tools for this purpose. According to system approach, social system problems such as revolution come from conflicting and incompatible relationships between system components. In this paper social system has been identified base on interactions between three sub-systems: economic, politic, and culture. So Iran’s 1979 revolution has been studied from three perspectives. Causal loop diagrams as suitable operational tools were used for modeling the integrations between these perspectives. A dynamic hypothesis as a theory of Iran’s 1979 revolution based on previous theories was recognized by these diagrams.

In this paper a new approach to try to think and act Imam and adherence to the « theory of language » from community facilities fully understanding the meaning of the expression “Atmadsyasy” in the political life of Imam Khomeini (ra) a good understanding of these concepts can achieve. Under this approach, “Political trust” as a language that is enclosed within a game “rules “and “follow the rules” of life as it is. In this study the political life of the Imam, is the perfect platform to understand and describe what it means to be. Where the rules state “servant“ and “supportive people“ in order to facilitate cooperation between citizens and government and affairs. Political Imam experience showed when he rules by force and intimidation orchestrated trust and confidence of the citizens feels the need to preserve their honor troops and foreign powers will rely, pests suffered the community will political actors have to follow the rules of hostility, hatred and sabotage - will bring down a law.

Islamic Revolution in Iran led to the formation of a new discourse and meaning system. One aspect of the study of political phenomena is its analysis based on discourse analysis method. Laklau and Mouffe’s theory of discourse analysis is one of the richest theories in discourse analysis. The main question In this paper, which was based on the Laklau and Mouffe’s theory of discourse, what was articulation of concepts, identification process and establishment Islamic Revolution of Iran discourse? The answers to these questions and Utilization Lakla and Mouffe’s discourse analysis, hypothesis of the paperis, ,Political Islam's jurisprudential and Imam Khomeini (RH) were the nodal point and the other signifiers and concepts were articulated around it, and, Accordingly ancient radical and Western secularism are the otherness that leads to establishment and identity of Islamic Revolution discourse. In this paper, based on the ideas of political Islam jurisprudential thinkers, Check articulated concepts and pointing to the role of Imam Khomeini and his students in Otherness of the dominant discourse which main aims or objective was separation of religion and politics The main elements that support the establishment, and Hegemonic discourse of political Islam were Like all simple and of comprehensibility and devoid of complexity of the Imam language And the availability and attendance have been analyzed.

This study seeks to identify and articulation of the dominant intellectual discourse of Iranian Islamic Revolution in framework of well-known theoretical concepts. Within the article thesis, this discourse can be analyzed and classified in the context of cultural nationalism. Our findings show that the discourse and cultural nationalism have some common elements. Among them the most important ones are include: Influenced by the romanticism and anti-western Enlightenment thoughts, belief to social organism, struggle to solving identity crisis and defining an social mission to intellectuals, challenge with western modernity and so combat against cultural imitation, shift the focus on government and reforming the legal mechanisms to focus on people and social reforms, introducing the public culture as the main source of identity, following an project to social change and development.

The role of army in confrontation with revolutions and protecting monarch regimes or the opposite, joing the revolutionaries and collaps of regines, is an important subject in studies on revolution. This a comparative study of the role of army in Islamic revolution of Iran an Egypt 2011 developments is a significant matter and the focus of the present study.The authers believe that existence of the leadership of late Imam Khomeini and his interaction with army and the culturn-retigious home geneity of the body of army and the people, resulted in army’s getting along with revolutionaires whereas in Egypt the army itself led the transitional period. The discrepany between established structure of army and Mobarak policies allowed the army to play its independent role. Other differences between Iranian and Egyption army include the defined functions of the two armies and the type of the dependence.