STUDIES ON UNDERSTANDING HADITH
Year:2019 | Volume:5 | Issue:1 (9)|Papers Count:7

Although narrations of virtue of recitation are documented and they have chain, for some reasons it is difficult to judge about their authenticity. Because the mention of the document is not sufficient and it is not reason for their authenticity. The present article, entitled “ Quran and validations of the narration of the virtues of recitation of the Qur’ an’ ’ emphasizes on the most important Shiite hadith sources and also the most important commentaries on the Qur’ an. In this regard, we glance the background and origins of this science, its evolution, the importance of the books containing this science and the quantity and quality of the traditions of the virtues of recitation in these books. Lastly, the traditions of the virtues of recitation will be examined based on the views of the scholars and commentators on this subject. Then the research tries to answer the question of how much of these hadiths are forged and how much they can be cited.

Hadith scholars have set various criteria for evaluating the narrations. One of these criteria is agreement of the hadith with experimental sciences. This research via some instances examines the criterion beside on hadith scholar’ s viewpoints. The current work evaluates the agreement of Hadith with sciences as a main purpose through these questions: What is the significance of experimental sciences in apprising the narrations? Is experimental science reliable and citable? What is the role of the criteria in the case of confliction between hadith and science? After surveying the qualities of experimental sciences and some instances that have confliction whit science the following results were obtained: firstly, based on content of the hadiths, this is necessary to utilize the science to criticism the hadith, the notable subject here is that we have to rely only on the certain experimental sciences, not assumptions Scientific hypothesis; because they may be false in the future. Secondly, in some conflicting case, it is not true to refuse the narrations based on famous theories; because Prophet and his Household (pbut) have Ladunni knowledge. Thirdly, hadith and science have some interactions, so science improve the understanding of hadith and hadith help development of the scientific researches.

There have been numerous narratives in Sunnite sources for the reasons of the revelation of Hijab verses that return to some historical events of the time of the Prophet. Considering the importance of the subject and different perceptions of the necessity of this divine decree, it is essential to study the validation of these narrations and its date, and to explain and summery the various narratives in different ways. This article is a descriptive-analytical method with a common look at the context and document; with respect to theological foundations it evaluates the document and content of narratives in this field. Implementing the common ring method with Juynboll and Motzki, as traditional method, the document has been studied by look at the traditional way, and considers the reasonable aspect to pointing out the issue and notify positive and definite result he also focuses on dealership. Finally, according to the given the presented results, there are some obstacles in accepting the authenticity of some narrations in this area which makes them uncertain. In addition, it proves, contrary to the views of some orientalists, all narratives have not been fake necessarily by determining the common link and the extremist views on rejection of the traditions are not acceptable.

The narrative “ Do not curse the time” which has been quoted from the holy Prophet by many narrators clearly forbids followers from cursing the time. However, the narrative “ Oh Times, How I Revile Your Friendship” quoted from Imam Hossein by different narrators implies that his excellency has cursed the age. There is conflict about that implication among interpreters since some believe that the term “ revile” () is not synonymous with the term “ curse” () while some others hold that the two words mean the same thing. Experts on Hadith (Islamic narrations and quotations) have proposed three principles of suspension, discard and consensus as possible ways to resolve conflicts. The author of the present study used a descriptive-analytical method to review the documents related to the quotations in question as well as their texts. According to the principle that states “ customary consensus is prior to setting aside either side in case of a conflict between two texts” , the author selected consensus as a solution to resolve the conflict and came to the conclusion that the term “ revile” cannot be considered as an instance of “ curse” . In addition, the use of the term “ age” () as synonymous with the glorious name of the Lord in all cases requires definitive proof and evidence.

Obedience of people of Sistan has a long history and eminent; Sheikh Koleyni mentioned a letter from Imam Javad to Sistan governor. According to this letter which narrated in different sources, Imam besides accepting intercession of a shia debtor, has advised Sistan governor to be kind with the people. Sistan governor that was Ahl al-Bayt enthusiastic accepted this request and forgave the debt. This survey via analytical-descriptive method in addition to evaluating the document, has analyzed the text. The result shows that despite of document situation, letter has many Quranic evidence and practical validity that shows authenticity, credibility and being issued by Imam. The Axial massage of this letter is that believers should be profit and honest to their brothers and prople when they have power.

Intertextuality is of the recent issues in the field of literary studies, dealing with the relationship between two texts. Different theorists have clarified this method with different approaches and analyzes. Genette is one of the most famous contemporary theorists in the field who has studied in detail the types of intertextual relations and how they are analyzed. Among the religious texts, the relationship between Nahj al and the Holy Qur’ an, especially considering that Imam Ali (Pbuh) is considered as the spoken Qur’ an and has been emphasized on his accompaniment with the Qur’ an, has always been the subject of Nahj ’ s commentators. Applying the method of intertextuality in analyzing this relationship not only helps to deepen our understanding of both the Quran and, but leads to have in hand a standard method to study it. This method has several functions, one of which is the correction of texts. Regarding this purpose, the present paper investigates and concludes that this method could recognize the (unintentionally change), darj (insertion), and (cluttering) in ’ s text. is sometimes done in vocabulary signs, and sometimes in the root of the words, of which ten examples were found in. Another damage was the insertion of one or more words in the text of a, of which two examples were found there. The other is cluttering of the text of a of which only one was found there.

Conversation and Speaking based on contextual evidence and factors is common in rational conversations. Contextual evidence as the literal signification plays the major role in understanding speaker’ s intention. One of the connected verbal evidence in recognizing the main intention of a speaker’ s statement in general and of the infallibles’ in particular which have been investigated by the scholars in the science of “ comprehending hadith” is the question of narrator. This evidence being among the determining evidence of recognizing the meaning of a speaker’ s words in the above-mentioned science entails many benefits for a jurist such as abandoning preconception about the content of the infallibles’ words, specification of generality of their speech, restriction of absoluteness and reconciliation between these proofs. Due to a large number of the infallibles’ narrations issued in the context of question and answer, analysis and explanation of this significant evidence, and its role and impact on jurists’ different impressions and understandings take on great significance. This research with an analytical descriptive approach tries to pay attention to this important evidence and investigate jurists’ interaction with it.