JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH RESEARCH
Year:2020 | Volume:9 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

The effect of smoking on COPD was assessed in selected studies using the odds ratio (OR). The data analysis results using the random effects method showed that the risk of COPD was higher in smokers and those exposed to cigarette smoke. (current smoker; 95% CI: 0. 78 – 4. 31, OR: 1. 83, Ex-smoker; CI: 1. 05-4. 98, OR: 2. 29, passive smoker; CI: 0. 43_3. 08, OR: 1. 15)(3, 6). . . .

Introduction: Considering the increase in Internet addiction rate, we tried to investigate the rate of internet addiction among medical students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd in 2016. Methods: This analytic-cross-sectional study was performed on 350 students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire, and Yang's Internet addiction inventory. The questionnaire contains 20 questions, according to which the person is placed in one of four classes: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. After collecting the data, the data were entered into SPSS 16 software and analyzed using Chi-square and independent t-tests. The significance level was considered less than 0. 05. Results: According to Internet addiction, students were 65% normal, 33. 3% border lip and 1. 7% were addicted to the Internet. The results also showed that there was a significant statistical relationship between the prevalence of internet addiction among students and sex, smoking, and registration in cyberspace (p<0. 05), and there was no significant statistical relationship between the prevalence of internet addiction and marital status, place of residence and birthplace (p>0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that by increasing the awareness of medical students, the rate of Internet addiction in them can be minimized

Introduction: Pregnancy, especially the first pregnancy and childbirth, affects the women’ s quality of life. Improving information-seeking behavior facilitates the decision-making process of women during pregnancy and postpartum. The aim of this study was to investigate the health information-seeking behavior of Iranian first-time mothers and first-time pregnant women. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional-descriptive survey. A selfadministered questionnaire was distributed among 358 first-time mothers and first-time pregnant women who attended 9 health centers in the northwest of Tehran, Iran, in 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and by conducting descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at. 05 significance level. Result: The most important information need of the first-time mothers and first-time pregnant women was "Fetal/newborn health"; the most important source of information used was "gynecologist"; the most important way to access the resources was "visiting a doctor in person, " and the most critical barrier to access information was "high costs of visiting a doctor, midwife, or nurse. " Testing the hypotheses showed significant differences between information seeking components and demographic characteristics of the respondents. It was also found that there was no significant difference between the components of information-seeking behavior among two groups of firsttime mothers and first-time pregnant women (p>0. 05). Conclusion: Making pregnancy-related health information more available and accessible and providing high-quality educational programs at affordable cost in health centers for first-time mothers and first-time pregnant women can help them increase their health literacy and prevent many common complications associated with pregnancy and child health.

Introduction: Drug addiction, is one of the major challenges in human societies. This study aimed to investigate religious orientation, locus of control, and the tendency toward substance abuse in addicts and non-addicts in Isfahan, 2018. Methods: A case-control method was used, and the study population was 200 men who participated in Isfahan. Cases were selected from drug-dependent using cluster sampling method. Allport’ s Religious Orientation Scale, Rotter’ s Locus of Control Scale, and Scale of Tendency toward Substance Abuse were used for data collection. The mean ± SD age of addicts was 34. 8 (± 4. 35) years. Most addicts were illiterate 33% (33), and about 30% (30) had academic degrees. Finally, data analysis was done by SPSS version 16 and confidence Level was 95%. Results: The groups were homogeneous in terms of income, number of children and residential area. The mean ± SD of religious orientation was in normal group 60. 39 ± 3. 26, addicted group 40. 25 ± 7. 8 and locus of control was in normal group 59. 13 ± 3. 17, and addicted group 45. 45 ± 1. 33 that findings of t-test showed that there was a significant difference in religious orientation (t= 5. 40, p<0. 003), and locus of control (t= 4. 37, p<0. 001) between addicts and normal individuals. There was a significant relationship between religious orientation (r=-0. 328, p<0. 04) and locus of control (r=-0. 365, p<0. 01) in addicts with a tendency toward substance abuse. confidence Level was 95%. Conclusion: Poor religious orientation and lack of internal locus of control are important causes of the tendency toward substance abuse, which demands measures to be urgently taken.

Introduction: proper geographical access to hospital medical facilities will increase people’ s visits to receive non-emergency services and no delay in providing emergency services. This research aimed to determine the level of access to hospital medical facilities with Geographical Information System in Yazd in 2019. Methods: This research is descriptive and applied. The required data for analyzing access included the information related to all existing hospitals, demographic data, and the layer of Yazd’ s population blocks. Data analysis was carried out with GIS10. 3 software. Results: Yazd city has 11 hospitals and 1915 active beds. The number of hospitals was proportional to the total population, but there was a shortage of 147 active beds. The per capita hospital space was 0. 40 square meters, which is more than the standard (0. 37 m2). The distribution of hospitals and beds in different regions of Yazd was inequitable. The population with high or desirable access (the population within a 1500-meter radius of the hospitals) to the hospitals with emergency, internal and surgery, pediatric, and gynecology units made up 54. 12, 41. 92, 44. 44, and 48. 34 percent of the Yazd’ s population, respectively. Also, the population with limited access (the population out of a 3000-meter radius of hospitals) to the hospitals with emergency, internal and surgery, pediatric, and gynecology units made up 15. 40, 31. 72, 21. 78, and 18. 89 percent of the Yazd’ s population, respectively. Conclusion: Regarding the obtained results, it is concluded that there is no shortage of hospitals and hospital space in Yazd, and the number of beds is not way below the international standard. However, locating the hospitals is not so that a large proportion of the population is placed within the radius of high or desirable access to hospitals.

Introduction: Since diabetes is a complex network of psychological and healthcare factors, this paper aims to investigate the relation between type 2 diabetes and mental health Method: This study was analytical cross-sectional research on 60 diabetic patients referring to Kazerun health care centers, southwest of Iran, in 2018. The samples were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the Demographic Profile Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Health Literacy Questionnaire (HELA), and Mental Health Continuum (MHC-SF). Data analysis was performed in APSS v21 and from descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation and using the statistical tests of Spearman correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis (P <0. 01). Results: Mental health has a significant positive relationship with health literacy (p <0. 001). Thus, individuals with better mental health evaluate their level of health literacy better. However, no relationship was found between selfefficacy and health literacy(r=-0/19, p >0. 001). Besides, regression results indicated that mental health can predict a 54% variance of health literacy (R2= 0. 54, p <0. 001). Conclusion: The findings of this study shows that boosting an individual’ s mental health leads to an increase in health awareness in patients afflicted with diabetes which after all, can cause a better coping capability in these people.

Introduction: Social and organizational supports are effective factors closely related to job burnout and Due to the limited studies in this area on Iranian workers, this study aims to determine the predictability of social support and organizational support in job burnout for workers in Yazd. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 textile workers in Yazd through stratified random sampling. The data were collected by the tools including demographic characteristics, questionnaires of social support, organizational support, and Maslach's job burnout. The data were analyzed by SPSS using the Pearson correlation coefficient and the multiple linear regressions. The Significance level of tests was considered as p <0. 05. Results: There was a significant strong positive relationship between job burnout and emotional exhaustion (r= 0. 88) (p <0. 001 (. There was found a significant negative correlation between job burnout and social support (r =-0. 390), friend support (r=-0. 401), family supoert (r=-0. 218), important others support (r=-0. 283) (p <0. 001 (. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that 17. 8% of the changes in job burnout were explained by friends, family, and important others support (R2=0. 178, p<0. 001) whereas support from friends was the strongest predictor of job burnout (β =-0. 338, p <0. 001). Social and organizational support explained 35. 9% of the changes in job burnout (R2= 0. 359, p<0. 001) with organizational support being the strongest predictor of job burnout (β =-0. 472, p<0. 001). Conclusion: Given that organizational support was the most significant predictor of job burnout in workers, developing organizational interventions to increase support in workplace can be regarded as effective strategy to reduce or slow down job burnout among workers.

Introduction: Muscle weakness and balance problems are limiting factors in Multiple sclerosis patients that can be improved due to physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on balance function and Physiological Cost Index in patients with MS in Yazd city in 1394. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in two stages: pretest and post-test. The subjects were selected by targeted and available sampling and randomly divided into training and control groups that included 30 patients (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Subjects in the experimental group participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, three days a week, each session of 60-90 minutes with an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate. For statistical analysis we used descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and the Shapiro-Wilk test used to measure the normality of the data, independent t-test and the covariance (ANCOVA). The significance level of the tests was p < 0. 05 by using the SPSS-25 software. Results: ANCOVA results revealed that the selected aerobic training significantly increased both static balance (p = 0. 007) and dynamic balance (p = 0. 001). Moreover, aerobic training positively influenced the physiological cost index (P = 0. 001. Conclusion: aerobic exercise can improve both static and dynamic balance and increase the Physiological Cost Index in M. S patients. Therefore, these exercises are recommended for patients with MS.