Caspian Journal of Health Research
Year:2020 | Volume:5 | Issue:4|Papers Count:4

Background: Academic self-efficacy is an important prerequisite for academic achievement of students. This study aimed to determine the association between happiness and spiritual health with academic self-efficacy among students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Iran. Methods: Using quota sampling method, 250 students studying at different filed of medical sciences at GUMS were selected. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Ellison and Paloutzin spiritual well-being scale, and Owen & Froman’ s Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaires were used to measure happiness, spiritual health, and self-efficacy, respectively. Data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, and multivariate linear regression model in Stata version 14. Results: The mean score of happiness, spiritual health, and self-efficacy was 68. 7 (SD = 13. 2), 84. 7 (SD = 17. 3), and 96. 7 (SD = 15. 9), respectively. there was moderate significant correlation between happiness with spiritual health (r = 0. 59, P-value = 0. 001) and self-efficacy (r = 0. 58, P-value = 0. 001). Spiritual health and self-efficacy had a weak correlation (r = 0. 28, P-value = 0. 001). Linear regression analysis showed that happiness was independently associated with self-efficacy. The mean score of self-efficacy increased by 0. 75 per unit of increase in the happiness score (P-value = 0. 001). Conclusion: This study revealed a moderate level of happiness and self-efficacy among students of Guilan University of Medical sciences. Happiness was the only significant predictor of self-efficacy.

Background: Emotion-based couple therapy is one of the couple therapy used to address the negative cycles of lasting interaction, tenderness, and emotions of clients. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of emotion-oriented couple therapy on emotion regulation, anger rumination and marital intimacy in women affected by infidelity. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, twenty women affected by infidelity referred to Iranmehr Counseling and Psychological Services Center in Rasht, Iran were included. Couple therapy sessions was performed for 8 two-hours weekly sessions. Emotion regulation, anger rumination and marital intimacy questionnaires were completed at baseline, after intervention, and one months later. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Emotion-based couple therapy had significant effects on emotion regulation (F = 11. 27, P-value < 0. 001), anger rumination (F = 308. 7 and P-value < 0. 001), and marital intimacy (F = 347. 4 and P-value < 0. 001) in women affected by infidelity. Conclusion: Emotion-oriented couple therapy interventions can promote emotion regulation, reduce anger rumination, and increase marital intimacy. Further studies are warranted.

Background: Prevention of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) depends on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of health care providers. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among senior midwifery students in 2020. Methods: A descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 618 midwifery students in selected universities of Medical Sciences and Department of Midwifery of Islamic Azad Universities in Iran in 2019-2020. Students were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected using self-report questionnaire after confirmation of validity and reliability. The questionnaire consisted of demographic and educational characteristics and knowledge, attitude, and performance toward AIDS. Data were described using frequency and percent or mean and standard deviation. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression model was used to explore the association between variables. Results: In this study, the mean age of study population was 23. 1 years old (SD = 5. 63) and the majority were single. The mean and standard deviation of midwifery students' knowledge, attitude, and practice was 26. 93 (SD = 6. 64), 80. 45 (SD = 9. 27) and 29. 55 (SD = 9. 10), respectively. There was a positive and weak correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = 0. 22, P-value = 0. 001), positive and weak correlation between knowledge and practice (r = 0. 089, P-value = 0. 02) and positive and moderate correlation between students’ attitude and practice of the senior midwifery students toward AIDS (r = 0. 35, P-value = 0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed moderate level of knowledge, attitude, and practice among midwifery students and the level of both attitude and practice was higher in advancing level of knowledge.

Background: Due to the pollution of drinking water resources and increasing consumer concerns and awareness about unhealthy drinking water, the urgent need for communities to have access to and produce safe water is felt more than ever, so in recent years the use of Point-of-entry (POE) and point-of-use (POU) filters (known as Household water treatment devices in Iran) in urban and rural communities of Iran, it has become very popular. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of households in Sari, Mazandaran Province to use POU/POE treatment devices. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the fall of 2020 and using an electronic questionnaire to investigate the causes of the tendency of people in Sari to use POU/POE treatment devices. The number of participants in the study was 117 households that were selected according to the simple random sampling method. Results: The results of the present study showed that 73. 5% of the surveyed households used the municipal tap water for drinking and 23. 1% of the households applied the POU/POE treatment devices. The most common reason for dissatisfaction with urban water was related to the formation of sediments inside the pipe, kettle and water heaters. Conclusion: This study revealed that 23. 1% of respondents used POU/POE water treatment devices because of low quality of municipal drinking water. About 17. 9% of respondents are distrustful of municipal water system, which was mostly due to the high salt content and scaling of municipal drinking water in Sari.