Journal of Police Medicine
Year:2020 | Volume:9 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

AIMS. Following the first recorded case of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, the disease, via human to human transmission, quickly spread around the world and raised global concern, as it was declared a pandemic by WHO. Adoption and control of preventive measures in many countries has not been successful and led to the development and spread of the crisis. In addition to the ministry of health and medical personnel, military and police forces have also taken action to deal with counteracting and handling the crisis caused by the prevalence of COVID-19 in Iran and some other countries. They aided people and the ministry of health in actions such as clearing and disinfecting passages, securing medical centers, protecting sensitive centers and national vaccine or drug depots, enforcing quarantine or travel restrictions, maintaining public order, controlling gatherings, using thermal cameras, and protecting the community in cyberspace. CONCLUSION. In the crisis caused by the outbreak of COVID-19, the health and lives of military and law enforcement personnel are at risk as well as home health advocates. So people need to have more empathy and interaction with these treatment personnel and staff to manage the crisis. Now that the most realistic way of dealing with the crisis and limiting the spread of COVID-19 is to stay home and maintain voluntary quarantine, people need to be extremely cooperative.

AIMS. One of the most important issues in the blood supply chain is meeting the demand for hospitals' blood supply, which becomes more sensitive in times of crisis. Given that access to blood supply is often restricted in critical situations due to a sudden increase in demand, the supply chain is in severe trouble during and after the crisis. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting blood donation by donors in the blood supply chain under critical conditions. MATERIALS & METHODS. This descriptive-survey study was performed on all blood donors in Mazandaran, Iran province during the first four months of 2018. Using cluster sampling method, 384 samples were selected. Data were collected using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling in SPSS 20 and LISREL 8. 50 software. FINDINGS. In this study, 92. 97% of 384 persons were male and the age group of 31-40 years with the frequency of 36. 20% had the highest age range. Evaluation of the research model showed that all fit indices were within acceptable range. Factor loadings for variable effects of advertising and informing, motivation, awareness and subjective norms on blood donation in crisis conditions were 0. 98 (t=10. 31), 0. 80 (t=9. 45), 0. 66 (t=8. 60) and 0. 57 (t=4. 75) were estimated. Therefore, advertising and information had the greatest impact on blood donation by donors in critical conditions. CONCLUSION. The results showed that advertising, motivation, subjective norms, and donor awareness have a positive and direct effect on blood supply in the crisis supply chain, and advertising and informing have the most impact.

Aims: Quality of work life and mental health are among the important factors affecting staff performance in organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of quality of work life on mental health of airline staff. Materials & Methods: This research is an applied and descriptive survey method that was conducted in one of the airline centers of Naja in Tehran, Iran between September 2018 and May 2019. The statistical population of the study consisted of all Naja air flight staff including 400 pilots and flight engineers 196 of whom were selected by stratified random sampling of the study center. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires of Walton Quality of Work Life and Goldberg and Hiller Mental Health Questionnaire. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the observations and to investigate the causal relationship between independent and dependent variables and to confirm the whole model, the structural equation modeling and path analysis method was used in Lisrel 8. 5 software. Findings: The component of social cohesion in the work organization with a factor of 0. 91 was the most important component of quality of work life and anxiety with a factor of 0. 90 was the most important variable of mental health. Independent variables of quality of work life including safe working conditions, ability to develop human abilities, opportunity for permanent growth, social cohesion in work organization, work environment and social dependence of work life were effective with path coefficient above 0. 5 on mental health dependent variable of study group. Conclusion: Improvements in the quality of work life including social cohesion, work environment, social dependence of work life, the possibility of expanding human capabilities, providing permanent growth opportunities and safe working conditions are effective in improving the mental health of airline staff.

Aims: A DNA mixture is an sample of at least two individuals having the genetic material mixed together. In criminal cases related to rape or murder, several individuals have been mixed together in crime scenes through sperm, blood, and etc. Identifying the number of people in a mixed DNA sample is very effective in solving criminal cases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the limitations of identity kits for the identification of more than one person's mixed blood samples. Materials & Methods: This pilot study was conducted at a medical genetic laboratory in Tehran, Iran in 2018-19. The 17 blood mixtures of relatives and non-relatives were combined and then amplified using an identity recognition kit containing 17 STR markers. The number of alleles in each locus was read by XL 3130 Genetic Analyzer to calculate the genotype of the samples and the number of alleles at each specific site and the number of individuals from each blood mix. Samples were analyzed using Gene Mapper 4. 1 software. Findings: Maximum four, six, six and four alleles were observed in the samples of a mixture of two, three and four unrelated and three unrelated individuals, respectively. As a result, it was not possible to accurately detect the number of individuals involved in the samples of more than three individuals using kits with a maximum of 17 markers. Conclusion: One of the major limitations of conventional STR kits with up to 17 STR markers is the identification of more than three individuals in mixed samples. This limitation is much greater for mixed samples in which individuals are related.

Aims: Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) is defined as the subsequent behavioral and emotional consequences of knowing that a traumatic event is experienced by an important person in life. Confronting these psychiatric conditions, possessing the traits and empowering internal resources on one hand and the presence of problems affecting the quality of life of hidden trauma victims on the other hand, can lead to different outcomes in traumatic stress disorder sufferers. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to design and develop a model related to the antecedents and psychological consequences of secondary traumatic stress disorder in veterans ‘ spouses. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study is a correlation study that deals with the modeling of structural relationships based on the partial least squares method. The study population consisted of 152 spouses of war veterans (women) with secondary traumatic stress disorder in Kermanshah province, Iran. Participants were included in the study through available sampling. Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire, Short Form of Sexual Self-Esteem Index (validated by Farrokhi and Fluid), Reiss et al. Self-Success Questionnaire, Ego Power Psychological Scale, and Secondary Injury Scale (validated by Rezapour Mirsaleh and Ahmadi) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 3. 2. 8 statistical methods, coefficients of coefficient and regression coefficient and data model fit indices. Findings: The fitting of the proposed model in the present study, from its structural dimension based on F2<0. 15, Q2<0. 002 and R2<0. 33, and from the general dimension with respect to GoF=0. 650 indicates strong fit in dimension. It was a whole model. T-Value<1. 97 and coefficients of β path showed a significant and causal relationship between variables except ego power path with β =-0. 009 and T-value=0. 155. Conclusion: Secondary traumatic stress disorder is influenced by personality traits (ego strength and self-esteem) and also affects sleep quality and sexual self-esteem. In addition, the results indicated that the conceptual model under study had acceptable empirical support for data fitting.

AIMS. The Electronic Health Record (EHR) plays an important role in improving quality care for patients, especially in times of crisis and meeting needs and expectations. The use of cloud computing features in the implementation of electronic health records facilitates faster access to this goal. The present study aimed to prioritize the features of cloud computing in implementing electronic health records in crisis situations. MATERIALS & METHODS. This applied-analytical study was conducted in 2019. The sample size of the study was 45 people who were selected by purposeful sampling from experts in health information management, medical informatics and health information technology from All Iran's universities of Medical Sciences. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing the attributes of cloud computing. Content validity coefficient was 0. 80 and content validity index was 0. 90. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. 85. In this study, based on the hierarchical analysis method and the hierarchical structure in it, the criteria were first compared and prioritized, and then in each criterion, the sub-criteria were compared and prioritized. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical analysis by SPSS 21. 0 and Expert Choice 11 software. FINDINGS. Out of 45 questionnaires distributed among experts, 40 were answered with 88. 88%. Of the nine criteria and 30 sub-criteria examined, security and confidentiality weighed 0. 30, followed by error reduction and quality improvement of 0. 15, among other major criteria for cloud computing features in executing an electronic health record as the most important feature. Were recognized. The least significant of them were cost and ability to search and extract information with weights of 0. 045 and 0. 048, respectively. CONCLUSION. In this study, the features of cloud computing in Iran are prioritized and evaluated, the most important of which is confidentiality and security. Therefore, in cases where it is not possible to select all of these features, the most appropriate and efficient feature is selected in different situations.

Aims: Single parent adolescents can affect different aspects of their psychological, social, and individual lives, and therefore requires special attention. The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of parental monitoring, self-esteem, and alexithymia in predicting coping with delinquent peers and high-risk behaviors in single-parent adolescents. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was performed on single parent adolescents under the supervision of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Karaj, Iran in 2016. 224 single parent adolescents were selected by convenience sampling. Through the researcher's referring to the Adolescent Education Centers covered by the Karaj Relief Committee, all subjects completed the Parental Monitoring Questionnaire, Self-Esteem Scale, Affective Scale, Companionship with Delinquent Peers, and Iranian Adolescent Risk Scale. Pearson correlation and multiple regression were used for data analysis. Findings: After removing the incomplete questionnaires, 200 questionnaires remained for statistical analysis. Mean parental surveillance components were 11. 48± 3. 04, self-esteem 10. 66± 1. 63, alexithymia 72. 77± 4. 83, associating with delinquent peers 18. 78± 6. 09 and high risk behaviors equal to 86. 45± 6. 33was obtained. There was a significant negative correlation between parental monitoring, self-esteem, and alexithymia adolescents' association with delinquent peers, and a significant positive relationship with high-risk behaviors (p<0. 01). Parental monitoring had a significant correlation with being with peers, and predicted 20% of the variance with being with peers (p<0. 001). Parental monitoring had a significant and significant correlation with high risk behaviors, which alone predicted 4% of the variance in high risk behaviors (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the importance of parental monitoring, self-esteem and alexithymia in reducing adolescents' association with delinquent peers and their high-risk behavior.

Aims: Substance use disorder is a problem that causes serious familial conflicts. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing intimacy and marital adjustment of patients with substance use disorders. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pre and post-test design with one month control and follow-up was performed on all addict patients referring to Tehran, Iran Nouandisheh Drug Abuse Center during winter of 2018. 30 samples were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two 15-people groups of experimental and control. Data were collected using Walker and Thompson Marital Intimacy Scale and Spanier Marital Adjustment Questionnaire. All participants completed pre-test, intimacy scale and adjustment questionnaire. The experimental group participated in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy sessions, and a week later, the post-test was held in both groups. A month later, follow-up test was performed in both groups. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: In the experimental group, the subjects' marital intimacy scores 34. 53± 12. 20 and marital adjustment 33. 73± 11. 95 after intervention were 60. 40± 16. 59 and 56. 46± 13. 21, respectively increased (p<0. 05). This increase did not apply to the control group (p<0. 05). Effect size also indicated that about 581% of marital intimacy and 0. 414% of marital adjustment in the experimental group were affected by acceptance and commitment therapy. There was a significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up of the experimental group in the intimacy index (F=54. 035; p<0. 01) and marital adjustment (F=26. 988; p<0. 01). Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy continuously increase intimacy and compatibility of couples with substance use disorders.