Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2021 | Volume:20 | Issue:6|Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: Improving the psychological states of physically disabled individuals can make their lives easier. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of psychodramas group therapy onassertiveness, self– acceptance, and the spirit of gratitude among physically disabled people in Isfahan. Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all physically disabled people in Isfahan Disabled People’ s Association in 2020. Of them, forty subjects were conveniently selected and randomly assigned in two groups (each group 20 persons). The experimental group received eight ninety-minute sessions of psychodrama group therapy while the control group recieved no intervention. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: self-acceptance scale of Gambrill and Ritchie, assertiveness scale of Chamberlain and Haga, and gratitude scale of McCullough. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (means and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance). Results: The results showed that psychotherapy group therapy had a significant effect on assertiveness (p<0. 001, F=16. 54), self-acceptance (p<0. 001, F=210. 62), and gratitude (p<0. 001, F=33. 44) of people with physical disabilities. Conclusion: Psychodrama method was effective in improving assertiveness, unconditional acceptance, and gratitude in people with physical disabilities in Isfahan. Therefore, this method can be considered to improve the mentioned variables among the physically disabled people.

Background and Objectives: Post-traumatic stress disorder in veterans is associated with low levels of spiritual well-being. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between spiritual well-being of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and experimental avoidance. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 200 veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder, who were hospitalized and treated in Isar Psychiatric Hospital in Ardabil in 2020, were selected as a purposive sample and examined. Paloutzian and Ellison's Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Second Version of Bond et al.-, and the Sherer and Maddux Self-Efficacy Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: Based on the results, the causal model of the relationship between experimental avoidance, self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder was confirmed based on various fitting indicators. Experimental avoidance (β =-0. 26, p<0. 001) and self-efficacy (β =0. 69, p<0. 001) had a direct effect on the spiritual well-being of veterans with stress disorder. Also, experimental avoidance through self-efficacy had an indirect effect on the spiritual well-being of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (β =0. 504, p<0. 001). Conclusion: In general, the results showed that experimental avoidance directly and indirectly and mediated by selfefficacy play a role in the level of spiritual well-being of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. It is recommended to hold training workshops to reduce experimental avoidance and increase self-efficacy and awareness of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder of the effects of spiritual well-being on their quality of life.

Background and Objectives: Abnormal hip kinematic and impaired hip muscle performance have been associated with various musculoskeletal disorders, such as patellofemoral pain, ligaments injuries, low back pain, and hip joint pathology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of movement-pattern training on selected landing kinematic variables in athletes with non-specific chronic low back pain. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was carried out at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili at 2018. Firstly, 30 males with non-specific chronic low back pain were selected by available sampling and randomly divided into the control (15 subjects) and experimental (15 subjects) groups. Tests were done in the form of pre and post-tests. Movement pattern exercises were performed on the experimental group over a 6-week period. Ethically, the training protocol was done on the control group after the post-test. ANCOVA test was used for statistical analysis of data. Results: The results showed that movement pattern exercises improved (increase) the kinematic variables in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (p=0. 001). Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that implementation of movement pattern exercises significantly altered kinematic variables that could be beneficial for future researches in order to prevent and treat individuals with low back pain.

Background and Objectives: Sexual satisfaction is one of the important and influential factors in the couples’ stability and quality of marital life. Therefore, it is important to study the factors affecting it (such as; mindfulness, marital forgiveness, & mental well-being). Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of marital forgiveness and mental well-being in the relationship between mindfulness and sexual satisfaction. Materials and Methods: The present study is descriptive. The sample size included 300 married men and women in Tehran in the period of 2020-2021who were selected through the accessible sampling method. To collect the data, the Larson’ s Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ), the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-SH), the WarwickEdinburg Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and the Paleari et al. ’ s Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale (MOFS) were used. Data were analyzed by using Pearson’ s correlation coefficient and path analysis. Results: The results of the mediation analysis indicated that the direct effect of mindfulness on sexual satisfaction was significant (β =0. 136, p=0. 043). The indirect effect of mindfulness on sexual satisfaction through both marital forgiveness and mental well-being was also significant (β =0. 056, p=0. 017, β =0. 289, p=0. 010, respectively). Therefore, marital satisfaction and mental well-being had a partial mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and sexual satisfaction. Conclusion: The results obtained in this research can help mental health researchers and therapists in both the theoretical (expanding and enriching the theoretical concepts in the field of couple therapy) and practical (developing therapeutic and educational programs) aspects.

Background and Objectives: Exercise therapy is one of the management methods of disc herniation, and comparing the effectiveness of common exercises with novel exercises has been considered by researchers. The aim of this study was to compare and determine two programs of core stability and suspension training on beta-endorphin, pain, and functional disability in people with lumbar disc herniation. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 32 men with disc herniation were randomly divided into three groups of core stability training (n=10), suspension training (n=12), and control (n=10). Serum beta-endorphin, pain, and functional disability were measured on the day before and immediately after the intervention period. The intervention period consisted of 8 weeks of core stability and suspension training, while the control group was only followed up. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance test (MANCOVA). Results: All results showed a significant improvement in both intervention groups (p<0. 05), while no significant change was observed in the control group (p>0. 05). In the post-test comparison, the suspension group showed a significant improvement in pain and functional disability compared to the core stability group (p<0. 05), but differences were not significant in serum beta-endorphin levels (p>0. 05). Changes in all variables were significantly different in both training groups compared to the control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that both types of training improved beta-endorphin levels, pain, and functional disability in people with lumbar disc herniation; however, suspension training was more effective in reducing pain and functional disability than core stability training.

Background and Objectives: Medical students’ motivations for selecting the medicine has a key role in their future performance as a health care worker. The purpose of this study was to determine the reasons for medical field selection and the extent of changes in students’ motivation following one academic year (2018-2019) in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Material and Methods: In this descriptive study done in two stages and during one year, the statistical population included all the medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences who were studying in both the academic years of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. About 430 people entered the study through census. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and oneway analysis of variance. Results: During one year, the factors of interest in medicine (p=0. 010) and the academic ranking of the university (p<0. 001) were significantly reduced. But changes in other factors were not significant (p>0. 05). The factor of individual motivation and serving the society in both stages was significantly higher in the female sudents (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Adequate income and social status are the most important motivations for choosing medicine among medical students. In the higher levels of education, the motivation and interest in studying medical fields decreases, which can naturally lead to a decline in their performance and should be taken as a warning for health officials

Background and Objectives: Therapeutic errors are considered an important threat to the patient safety. An effective strategy for controlling medical errors is timely reporting and analysis. The aim of this study was to determine the type and frequency of errors over a period of 5 years in Kerman teaching hospitals. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional research with the population of all educational hospitals of Kerman Medical Sciences University. Sample size was all reported errors reviewed by census. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The highest number of error reporting statistics was in 2018. Paraclinical and morning shift support units and nurses had the highest error reporting rate. Cases leading to serious injury were 5. 6%. Conclusion: During the study years, 2326 errors were extracted in the mentioned centers. Reporting errors in the studied hospitals is not favorable. The need to promote a safety culture in hospitals is a fundamental step in error management.

Background and Objectives: The tools used in dentistry become contaminated after treatment. The most common method of sterilizing them is autoclaving. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of type B autoclaves in Rafsanjan dental clinics in 2019-20. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 42 dental clinics were examined. In order to evaluate the performance of autoclaves, SPORVIEW biological indicator and incubator with a temperature of 55-60 º C were used. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test. Results: The present study showed that 85. 69% of the autoclaves performed the sterilization process correctly and 14. 31% of them failed to perform this process. Conclusion: The results showed that type B autoclaves of dental clinics in Rafsanjan have a good performance for sterilizing instruments.