Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain
Year:2018 | Volume:8 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:8

Aim and Background: This study aimed to determine the fitness of emotion regulation and personality-cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder to explain perception of pain in patients with chronic pain.Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the context of a correlation research (the type of structural equation). The study statistical society consisted of all chronic pain patients with generalized anxiety disorder syndrome, who were referred to specialist pain clinics in Rasht city. Among those a sample of 210 individuals were selected by available sampling method and completed questionnaires about perception of pain alexithymia, emotion dysregulation, emotional expressivity, meta- mood, affect control, rumination, worry and neurosis. Data were analyzed by using descriptive measures of mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient and structural equation model.Findings: Results showed that emotion regulation has a direct effect on pain (P<0.01).The expressivity, metamood, affect control and alexithymia have a direct effect on emotional regulation and indirect effect on pain perception (P<0.01).The results showed that neuroticism is associated with pain perception by mediated role of worry in people with pain disorder (P<0.01). Also, direct effect of neuroticism with worry and rumination was significant (P<0.01).Conclusion: According to results, emotion and cognition variables can explain the perception of pain in patients with chronic pain.

Aims and background: To enhance the quality of surgical procedures and to prevent surgical complications, anesthesia and analgesia techniques should be effective. Stress during surgery can disrupt the hemodynamic and physiological conditions of the human body. Different drugs are used to reduce the stress and each has advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Esmolol infusion on the need for narcotic drugs during and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 patients who were candidate for laparoscopic cholecystectomy between 30 to 60 years old, were randomly selected and assigned to either Esmolol (E) or Saline (S) groups. Total opioid usage was recorded and compared during the operation.Findings: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in mean intraoperative drug use (P=0.9) and postoperative opioid use (P=0.8). Comparing the sedation score of the patients after the operation, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.4).Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, Esmolol injection with 0.5 mg/kg dosage has no effect on the amount of opioid consumption during surgery and in the recovery; also it has no effect on sedation score of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Aims and background: Poincare plot and its length and width are known as a criterion for short-term variations of electroencephalogram signals (EEGs). This study evaluates the effect of time delay on changes in the width of the Poincare plot in brain signal during different anesthesia states.Materials and Methods: Poincare plots are drawn with one to six delay in three sets, including awake state, light anesthesia, and general anesthesia, and also for each data, the width of the Poincare plot is calculated using the SD1 and SD2 characteristics.Findings: The results show that during general anesthesia, the width of the Poincare plot increases with increasing latency. During anesthesia, the width of the Poincare plot is achieved by applying a unit delay of 8.1±1.2 and a six-unit delay of 15.9±0.8. Also, the Poincare plot is shifted to lower values during anesthesia. It is also shown that with increasing delay in general anesthesia, the SD1 value increase rate is higher than the previous ones, such as light anesthesia and awake state.Conclusion: Simplicity of calculating the width of the Poincare plot and its adaptation to the chaotic nature of vital signals can be useful in evaluating the brain signal in different states of anesthesia.

Aims and Background: Back pain is one of the common causes of visit and medical care. Chronic low back pain has a significant effect on functional status and limiting occupational activity. In research on chronic pain, physical disability due to back pain is of particular importance. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between severity and pain states with disability in patients with back pain.Materials and Methods: This study was correlational and performed in a cross-sectional manner.75 patients with low back pain were included in the study by available sampling method. To measure the pain intensity the McGill Pain Questionnaire and to assess the disability, the WHODAS 2 standard questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software.Findings: The results of this study showed that most of the studied pain states were positively associated with the subscale of socializing with people (P<0.01) and (P<0.05). There was also a positive and significant relationship between pain severity and social relation, life activity, presence in society and general disability with (P<0.01) and (P<0.05), respectively.Conclusion: Based on the results the created disabilities are not just physical, and back pain in various types and severity affects the important aspects of people’s mental and social life. Therefore, attention to the mentioned aspects and the use of psychological interventions in reducing the disabilities caused by back pain can be effective.

Aims and background: The purpose of this study was to compare the parameters of ground reaction force during landing in patients with chronic low back pain.Material and Methods: 21 healthy men and 21 men with chronic low back pain participated in this study.Using a Kistler force plate (1000Hz) GRF during landing was measured. Then, maximum GRF and their related time-to-peak, impulse and loading rate were obtained. Independent t student was used to analyze the data (a=0.05).Findings: People with chronic low back pain have lower internal-external GRF and have a lower vertical GRF to touching the ground (FZ2) when landing compared to healthy people. Patients with chronic low back pain have a lower loading rate (Y) (P=.049).Conclusion: People with low back pain have a higher vertical ground reaction force than healthy people, and these factors are considered as a risk factor for increasing compressive forces to the spine.

Aim and Background: Labor pain is often severe. Unrelieved labor pain can have adverse effects on the physiologic status of mother. Pain during labor is accompanied by fear, which is related to slower progress of labor. Accurate measurement and appropriate management of pain is of great concern for medical and nursing personnel. There are choices to be made during pregnancy about options available for pain relief during labor; each method has its own risks and benefits, with variable efficacy, availability and acceptability. The purpose of this study is the comparison of analgesic effect of inhaling Entonox with and without dexamethasone among women undergoing normal vaginal delivery in Alavi hospital in 1394-95.Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study in Alavi hospital, 100 women with term pregnancy were observed.10 people were excluded due to various reasons and finally the subjects were divided into two groups of A and B, randomly. Group A received inhaled Entonox and placebo (45 cases) and group B received inhaled Entonox and 8 mg intramuscular Dexamethasone (45 cases). VAS and NRS pain score was measured before intervention and 3 hours and 6 hours after intervention. Finally the the Data was analyzed by SPSS.Findings: Pain severity according to VAS and NRS score was significantly lower in patient in group B who received nitrous oxide and dexamethasone 3 hours after the intervention (P=0.0001).There was not a significant difference in the duration of labor, number of uterine contractions and infant complications. Analysis of the maternal vital signs between the two groups showed that none of investigated vital signs was significantly different between the two groups except SBP. Significant difference was observed among the groups regarding Apgar scores in 1st and 5th minutes. Analysis of the pooled risk differences showed that none of the side effects investigated was significantly different between two groups except nausea and vomiting which was significantly higher in nitrous oxide users.Conclusion: Use of nitrous oxide and dexamethasone has more beneficial effects for many parturient women.

Aims and background: Pain is one of the most common health problems. It inherently has a psychological nature and is a complex psychological experience. This research is to investigate the relationship between selfcompassion with pain intensity, catastrophizing, self-efficacy of pain and affect in women with musculoskeletal pain.Materials and methods: The Investigation procedure was according to correlational descriptive ones. For this purpose, among women with musculoskeletal pain in Isfahan who were referred to orthopedic clinics and private clinics in winter 2016, 180 persons were selected in accordance to available sampling method. The participants responded to the research tools including Self-compassion, pain multidimensional, pain catastrophizing, pain self-efficacy, positive and negative affects and demographic questionnaires. The data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis.Findings: The results of pearson correlational analysis indicated that there was a significant negative relationship between self-compassion and pain intensity, pain catastrophizing and negative affect in the subjects. Also a positive relationship with pain self-efficacy and positive affect was found as the effect of self compassion. The results of hierarchical regression indicated a 10.5 percent of pain intensity variance after age and painful area control, a 14.4 percent of pain catastrophizing variance after education and marriage control, a 5 percent of pain self-efficacy variance after age control, a 10.3 percent of positive affects and 25.2 percent of negative affects after education control in accordance to self-compassion.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that self-compassion with the control of demographic variables predicts pain intensity, catastrophizing pain, self-efficacy of pain and positive and negative affects.

Aims and Background: Helping patients with cardiac arrest depends on the speed and quality of treatment, so non-professional people generally are not able do such a treatment properly but any kind of training including interactive classrooms, television programs, newspapers and books can help nonprofessional people to save the life of these patients more effectively. The purpose of the study was to evaluate effectiveness of Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) training using video feedback on the performance of non-professional saviors.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 50 nursing students in the first year of graduation were divided into two groups: Sample group (lectures, practical training, and video feedback) and Control group (lectures and practical training). Using standard checklist from association of CPR guideline outlined in 2015, and standard checklist of Iranian nursing services published in 1393 we designed a checklist including 19 behavioral functions. After giving lectures about CPR, the individuals’ performance was evaluated by this checklist and then using video tools and practical training their performance was scored for another time.Findings: The average score of performance was not different between both groups before re-test; however, this score in Sample group was significantly increased compared to Control group after giving them feedback of their performance (P<0.001).Conclusion: Teaching by video feedback can help to improve non-professional saviors’ performance just before transferring the cardiac arrest victims to the hospital and it could increase their survival chance.