Iran J War Public Health
Year:2020 | Volume:12 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Aims Spinal cord injury widely affects the physical and mental health of individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Berking’ s emotional competence intervention in the emotional self-regulation of several veterans with spinal cord injury. Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all veterans with spinal cord injury in Isfahan in November and December 2019 (whose number was 264 according to the statistics provided by Treatment Deputy of the Martyr and Veterans Affairs Foundation of Isfahan Province). Initially, through purposive sampling and using the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire as a screening instrument and a pre-test, 31 veterans with a deficit in this skill were identified and randomly assigned to experimental (16 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups. Berking’ s Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire and demographic information questionnaire were used. The intervention was performed using integrated emotional competence training in 7 one-hour sessions as separate groups. Post-test and one-month follow-up was conducted at the end of the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS23 using MANCOVA and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings The difference between pre-test and post-test scores was significant in all components of the Emotional Regulation Skills Questionnaire (p≤ 0. 05), which implies the effectiveness of emotion regulation intervention in improving the emotional self-regulation of the veterans with spinal cord injury; however, no significant difference was found between the post-test and follow-up scores which indicates the continuity and stability of the findings up to the follow-up stage (p≥ 0. 05). Conclusion Berking’ s emotional competence intervention can be an effective intervention for improving veterans’ emotional self-regulation with spinal cord injury.

Aims The spouses of psychiatric veterans are exposed to various psychological traumas due to their spouses’ special circumstances. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of integrated meta-diagnostic treatment on veterans’ spouses’ cognitive emotion regulation and psychological resilience. Materials & Methods The present quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretestposttest with a control group on the spouses of psychiatric veterans in Tehran. Using the voluntary sampling method from June to September 2016, by referring to the Tehran’ s District 4 Veterans Medical Centers and distributing voluntary forms among the veterans’ spouses, 30 veteran spouses were selected from among the volunteers and randomly selected in experimental groups, and Controls were assigned. Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and resilience scale were used to collect data. The experimental group received integrated meta-diagnostic treatment for two and a half months in 10 90-minute sessions, one session per week. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 statistical software and analysis of covariance. Findings The mean scores of cognitive regulation of emotion and its dimensions and psychological resilience of veterans’ spouses increased in the experimental group. 57% changes in cognitive emotion regulation component (F=31. 62; p=0. 0001), 52% changes in psychological resilience component (F=26. 05; p=0. 0001), 37% changes in emotional inhibition dimension (F=13. 21; p=0. 001) and 49% changes in the cognitive reassessment dimension (F=21. 45; p=0. 0001) of veterans’ spouses were explained by implementing integrated meta-diagnostic treatment. Conclusion Integrated meta-diagnostic therapy can be used as an effective treatment to improve veterans’ spouses’ cognitive emotion regulation and psychological resilience.

Aims Mental disorders are a common problem in combatants, veterans, and their families. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment to veterans’ psychosocial needs. Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with a control group in all psychiatric veterans in Tehran in 2018. Thirty psychiatric veterans were purposefully selected and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (10 people each) and a control group (10 people). Data were collected using the Basic Psychological Needs, Post Traumatic Stress, Acceptance, and Operation Questionnaires. Cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions and acceptance and commitment-based therapy were held in 10 sessions, twice a week, for 90 minutes in each session for the experimental groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and multivariate analysis of covariance and independent t-test. Findings Cognitive-behavioral therapy could significantly affect veterans’ basic psychological needs and their components and increase the capacity of basic needs in veterans undergoing cognitive-behavioral therapy compared to the control group. Also, acceptance and commitment therapy could have a significant effect on the basic psychological needs and the component of autonomy and competence of veterans (p<0. 05), but this effect was not significant on the component of communication with others (p>0. 05). Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment affect the veterans’ basic psychological needs.

Aims The present study aimed to compare the effects of religious-spiritual intervention and hope therapy on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression of spouses of veterans with the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Materials & Methods Using the pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow-up, this quasi-experimental study was conducted among spouses of veterans who had referred to Sadr hospital in Tehran since 2003 to 2016. The participants were randomly assigned into two experimental groups and one control group (each group 17 persons). The data were collected using the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS-17) and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21). The experimental groups 1 and 2 were trained three times a week in eight sessions. A week after termination of training sessions, posttest was administered for the two experimental groups and the control group. Three months after termination of training program, participants were tested again to follow up the training effects. To compare the effectiveness of the approaches, two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) mixed design was used. Findings Both religious-spiritual and hope interventions significantly reduced stress, anxiety, and depression of spouses of veterans with PTSD compared to the control group and also the effects have been stable after a three-month follow-up (p<0. 01). Whereas, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two interventions on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression of spouses of veterans compared to the control group (p>0. 05). Conclusion The two religious-spiritual and hope approaches are effective as interactive interventions on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression of spouses of veterans with PTSD, and there is no reference between them.

Aims This study aimed to identify the differences between interpersonal forgiveness and self-differentiation in veterans’-and non-veterans’ spouses. Instrument & Methods The present study is non-experimental and conducted by the causalcomparative method in all the spouses of 25% of the veterans referred to the Damavand Martyrs and Veterans Affairs Foundation, the spouses of non-veterans living in Damavand in 2020. A total of 80 people (40 veterans’ spouses and 40 non-veterans’ spouses) were randomly selected. The research instruments included the self-differentiation scale and interpersonal forgiveness scale. Multivariate analysis of variance in SPSS 20 software was used to analyze the data. Findings There was a significant difference between the two groups of veterans ‘ and nonveterans’ spouses in the component of my status from their differentiation variable (p<0. 05), but no significant difference was observed for the components of emotional responsiveness, emotional fault, and integration with others (p>0. 05). Also, there was no significant difference in reconnection and revenge control components, control of suffering, and realistic understanding of the interpersonal forgiveness variable (p>0. 05). Conclusion Veterans’ spouses are more capable than non-veterans spouses of maintaining their individuality and independence in intimate relationships with others, as well as the balance between reason and emotion.

Aims War has many psychological and behavioral consequences for the veteran and other members of his family. Many factors, including moral intelligence, play a protective role against the psychological damage of these families. This study aimed to design and validate the psychometric properties of the moral intelligence measure for the adolescent children of veterans. Instruments & Methods For this descriptive correlational research with the experimentation approach, a sample of 325 adolescent girls and boys aged from 14 to 18 years living in Tehran in 2019, who were studying in the first and second secondary schools were selected using the available methods from regions 2 and 5. Then, from each of those areas, 4 schools (2 girls ‘ schools and 2 boys’ schools) were selected by simple random sampling, and finally the students of 14 classes answered the designed moral intelligence questionnaire and Maslow’ s self-actualization. Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’ s alpha and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to design and validate the questionnaire’ s psychometric properties. Data using software SPSS 21 were analyzed. Findings To extract the underlying factors of the 70-item Moral Intelligence Questionnaire, the Kaiser-Mir-Oliken (KMO) index was equal to 0. 858, and the Bartlett spherical index was equal to 7208. 51 and was statistically significant at the level of 0. 01. Based on the common meanings of the items, the first component was “ maintaining the dignity of others” , the second component was “ adherence to principles” , the third component was “ moral sensitivity” , the fourth component was “ moral self-efficacy” and the fifth component was “ ego empowerment” . Based on Cronbach’ s alpha coefficients’ results obtained more than 0. 7 for the components and a positive and significant correlation coefficient (p<0. 01), the questionnaire was reliable and valid. Conclusion The Moral Intelligence Scale is a reliable and valid tool as a model for measuring moral intelligence in the adolescent children of veterans in Tehran concerning socio-cognitive changes in Iranian society.

Aims The aim of this study was to separate the chemical victims of mustard gas into exposed to and non-exposed groups to sulfur mustard using classical discriminant analysis and twostate logistic regression and selection of the best analysis. Instruments & Methods The present study is a historical group that was conducted from 2005 to 2014. By observation method and systematic sampling, 284 people were included in the study including 216 people from Sardasht City as an exposed group and 68 people from Rabat City as a control group who were in all respects compared to the case group. Using classical discriminant analysis and logistic regression methods, 32 quantitative variables were examined and finally these two methods were compared using rock curve analysis. SPSS 21 software was used for analysis. Findings The 8 significant variables that had the highest ability to differentiate the groups (FEV1/FVC ratio, testosterone, cholesterol, phosphorus, conjugated bilirubin, red blood cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit) were selected and entered into the main models. Using the rock curve, the cutting points of the variables were determined and the sensitivity and specificity values for discriminant analysis were 78% and 77. 5%, respectively, and its sub-curved surface was 81. 2%. In differentiating the groups, testosterone index was the strongest variable and conjugated bilirubin factor was the weakest variable. In logistic regression model, FEV1/FVC, testosterone and phosphorus ratio variables were significant (p<0. 05). The sensitivity and specificity of this model were 80% and 75%, respectively, the rock curvature level was 81. 4% and the value of R^2 was 0. 308. Conclusion In the separation of chemical victims, the classical discriminant analysis and logistic regression methods have similar results, but discriminant analysis is a more appropriate model due to the presentation of the diagnostic function.

Aims Musculoskeletal disorders are common among military personnel and can have a negative impact on their missions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and type of musculoskeletal disorders in the military. Instruments & Methods This study aimed to investigate diseases of the musculoskeletal disorders common among the military to review systematically. International Information PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar and the base of internal SID, Magiran and the Bank of the Medical Sciences journal of the country searched for two languages, English and Persian, from 2000 to June 2020. Findings Factors such as gender, age, type of workforce, and whether or not training and standardization are influencing these injuries. Muscle and skeletal injuries are among the most important problems in the military, which reduces their readiness and prevents them from serving. Common areas of injury include the lower limbs, back, upper limbs, and shoulders. Irreparable factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, and modifiable factors such as physical fitness, medication use, and dietary habits, can be involved. Conclusion The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders among military personnel is inevitable. Therefore, it is necessary to try to deal with the effects of these injuries quickly, which requires careful planning and identification of the causes and grounds for these injuries.