آمایش جغرافیایی فضا
سال:1399 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:16

Today, environmental quality of health has become one of the most important issues in rural settlements. In other words, in the development literature and its related approaches, the issue of environmental health and efforts to promote this indicator is of great importance at the level of rural communities. However, due to the relative importance of the concept of health and environmental quality in different spatial-temporal conditions, the researchers are faced with a lot of complications. But due to the relative importance of the concept of health and environmental quality in different spatial-temporal conditions, there are also significant challenges for researchers. For this reason, the analysis of the health of the quality of the environment requires the availability of specific indicators that are in full compliance with the facts and allow the full recognition of the characteristics of the studied population. This research, while identifying and introducing the environmental quality components, has been designed to provide a new methodological framework using experts' opinion polls. For this purpose, 153 indicators were identified including 21 ecological indicators, 21 economic indicators, 50 socio-cultural indicators and 61 physical-space indicators for assessing and assessing the environmental sustainability of rural areas. Therefore, a more realistic assessment of sustainability the health of the quality of the environment is provided in rural settlements. Environmental-ecological component with 7. 38 points, socio-cultural component with 5. 74 points and economic component with 5. 42 points in the next rank. Also, the results of the technique of the cumulative ratio estimation method (ARAS) indicate that the physical-space component with 0. 867 was ranked first, the environmental-ecological component with 0. 816 in the second rank, the economic component with 0. 580 in the third rank and sociocultural with 0. 460 in the fourth rank contract.

The re-emergence of the issue of quality of life in recent years is due to the interest in human development, social development, sustainable development, the health community, and so on. In this regard, this research intends to plan using the special forecasting methods for settlements in Zanjan city based on a new perspective of planning. The method of research based on new methods of futures studies is explanatory. Factors were evaluated by 30 urban planners and experts, using environmental scans, analyzing interactive / structural effects And the MICMAC Futuristics Specialist Software has been used to analyze the effective factors of the future location of urban settlements. The results showed that the dispersion status of the variables affecting the future status of the quality of life in urban settlements is different. In the neighborhood of Islamabad, the state of the system is unstable and most of the variables are dispersed around the diameter of the plate and While in the Karmandn neighborhood distribution area, variables follow the form of a stable system and variables are partially in the form L distributed. Among the 34 surveyed agents, in Karmandan neighborhood 9 and in the neighborhood of Islamabad, 12 major factors were selected as the key factors affecting the future quality of life situation which all factors are repeated in both direct and indirect ways. The findings showed that in the Karmandan neighborhood, most social factors, such as the factors of participation, identity, local councils, good urban governance, have been raised While in the neighborhood of Islamabad economic factors (including land and housing prices, employment of residents) And physical (including construction based on the laws of the engineering system, per capita and user levels, supervision during construction, ownership (capture security), housing quality) As key factors affecting the quality of future life of these settlements.

Creating the Iranian-Islamic city is based on the principles. These principles are mainly considered in planning and designing Muslim’ s living environment and have been influenced on the human relationship with the environment and other fellowmen. In this regard, the city must follow the principles and rules that satisfy human needs. Iran’ s cities having affluent Islamic culture should be adapted to the Iranian-Islamic principles; in this way, paying attention to architectural and urban designing principles signifies and become imperative in designing the Iranian-Islamic city. In recent years, the development the Iranian-Islamic cities concept caused to provide a new literature in Iran’ s urban planning and designing. However, what is missed in this scope is the lack of quantitative indicators for evaluating the qualitative factors of the Iranian-Islamic city. In this respect, GIS because of having a high analytical ability in solving complex and geospatial problem can help to comprehend and develop this conception. So, a geospatial framework has been suggested in this research to modeling and quantitative assessment of urban pattern compatibility with qualitative indices and elements of the Iranian-Islamic city Using GIS. Investigated indicators in this research are spatial justice, social justice, paying attention to human scale and accessibility. The proposed framework was evaluated for four districts of Bojnord city. The obtained results approved the ability of the proposed model for suggesting measurable and manageable indicators and also distinguishing the limitations and capacities of each district in relevance to each presented indicator. This model is a step forward in order to better implementation of concept of the Iranian-Islamic city and can be used as an appropriate tool for decision makers, planners and designers.

With the increase in population and the development of urbanization, humans have gradually shifted away from nature, and the excessive population density and interference in the natural environment and the creation of human environments have increased the human, environmental, physical and mental needs. On the other hand, the over-concentration of social, economic, and cultural activities in large cities has caused the population to flock to these cities, and as a result, the need for urban respiratory centers becomes more tangible. Therefore, the objectives of this research are analyzing the dismantling of urban green space (urban-regional parks) and providing an optimal model using multi-criteria decision-making rules (MCDM). The research method is applied, and in terms of its nature and method, is descriptive-analytic. The criteria are grouped into 9 components for the spatial layout of the urban-regional parks space. CRITIC techniques and paired comparisons are used to weigh the criteria used. Excel data analysis, GIS and SELVA IDRISI have been used to analyze the data and draw maps. In order to provide a suitable pattern for locating green spaces (Urban-urban parks) in Ardebil, VIKOR multi-criteria decision-making method was used. The results of the research showed that urban-regional parks in the east of area 1, southwest of area 3 and north of area 4 in terms of access to the park felt lack. Using the output map of the VIKOR model, suitable locations for the construction of new green spaces have been identified. Using the existing status map of the current green space and the output map resulting from the loading of the VIKOR method, an optimal model for the construction of the urban-regional park is proposed.

Terrorism Analysis, geopolitical tools of spatial distribution of power Abstract In today's world, the war on terrorism and the geopolitical security discourse in the international system transformation. So-called terrorism, both in theory and in practice, a complicated term. Terrorism, Violence premeditated and political orientation of the groups in national influence and create fear among the nations. Now the source of insecurity and the threat of terrorism throughout the world, particularly in areas such as Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa and even Europe. In general, the scope and impact of terrorism, Spatial levels of national, regional and international sanctioned. Terrorism as a geopolitical issue Is that the relationship between government and competition with domestic opposition groups, the competition between countries At the regional level and in competition and conflict among world powers with each other, as a means of coping employed it is possible. It is noteworthy that the international community is very important in the fight against this phenomenon Security-threatening, causing changes in the geopolitical security regimes and practices. Today, terrorist groups have an important role and role in global, regional and intriguing rivals and rivals among rival players. In the In the present paper, the descriptive and analytical approach to the role, function and geopolitical dimensions of terrorism there. In fact, this article seeks to prove the hypothesis that, in today's world, terrorism is a geopolitical tool in the hands of powerful countries, to deal with their rivals have become. Key words: terrorism, international relations, geopolitics, security, Space

As one of the most destructive earthquakes in the world and threatening the destruction of human life-the environment is. And damage caused by its dimensions (physical, social, etc. ) realize that modern urban living style and the most vulnerable in the world to be. But this natural phenomenon itself and the potential damage in any location cannot be. Preparation and careful planning, but also to determine the degree of damage control can determine the degree of reduction of the earthquake disaster is an undesirable outcome. The physical and social dimensions of the issue is about double the damage of the earthquake will be necessary. The study of the nature of "development-applied" research "descriptive-analytical" The city has investigated the matter. And the only means of determining damages arising from the information and quantitative methods-is significant, this study using 117 variables and uses techniques SMART-Entropy, PDF, KS and GIS, and Software Excel and SPSS software to zoning and earthquake damage assessment studies. The general index of the 117 in the urban area of Yazd region 2 SMART-Entropy, 578/0 of the region's most vulnerable city against earthquake risk is. And the risk model, the one with the PDF has the lowest rate of 39% in the three cities of Yazd and KS incidence rate due to having a concrete and metal building materials, by far the lowest mortality rate man in the city when the earthquake. concrete and metal building materials, by far the lowest mortality rate man in the city when the earthquake.

Built environment is a potential of social behavior and communications that its potentiality is affected by the qualities of built environment (urban spaces). According to Jan Gehl activities taking place in the environment are divided into three main categories include obligatory, voluntary and social ones. It should be noted that not just obligatory activities are affected by environment quality, but when an urban space includes a high range of quality, voluntary activities increase frequently and accordingly the number of social activities which leads to social communications extremely increases. Having some sorts of factors to evaluate the quality of urban design alternatives and compare the quality of urban spaces which emphasis of social aspect have always been one of the issues that have studied from different views and subsequently some factors have been introduced. These points of views are not comprehended by themselves and all of them studied the subject from their own angels. There is something in common with them, however, but assembling comprehensive factors to evaluate urban designing and urban spaces seem significant. In this study with a documentary research and other theoretical texts, factors and quality indexes about the city and favorable urban spaces have been adopted that eventually 5 main factors and 13 subsidiary factors have been presented, a favorable environment absolutely would be used by urban users if includes the following items: • Linking & Access as the main factor with 4 subsidiary factors of accessibility, legibility, Linking and surrounding • Image & Comfort as the main factor with 3 subsidiary factors of beauty and regularity, relaxation and identity

Local institutions or NGOs, because of the voluntary, independent, non-profit, and non-political nature of their activities, have a broad reach in attracting people's participation. The capacity building of community-based institutions is a systematic approach to establishing the right institutions. The purpose of this study is to measure the capacity of community-based institutionalization in informal settlements. This article has been written using descriptive-explanatory research methodology. Data collection method was library and field based on a questionnaire tool. Sample size According to the population of 90, 000 people, the informal settlements of Zanjan city are 600 cases which randomly include local capital variables, admission capacity and social-Geographical location was measured in informal settlements. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and then analyzed with the structural equation model (path analysis method) and how the variables affecting the local communities' capacity to communicate were analyzed. The results show that the establishment of local communities with local capital variables, acceptance capacity and geographical stimuli with a coefficient of influence greater than 0. 7 and t-value higher than the confidence level of 1. 96 have a significant relationship with the positive direction and the variables are also meaningful in each other. On the other hand, indicators for measuring the variables of local community capacity building capacity in an in-area scale are desirable and in an out-of-area scale that underscores the weakness of trust, the degree of influence, the level of participation of residents with urban management organizations. Key words: Local communities, capacity, route analysis, informal settlement, Zanjan