JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES OF ISLAM
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:7

Speaking about Dabigh and its excellent fabrics (Dabighian) could be found in many historic, geographic and literary old texts. The causes of Dabigh destructions in recent centuries and some existing ambiguities about its exact place is one of the challenges for Islamic Civilization researchers. Due to these questions this brief article tries to answer these issues by investigating in resources and using available reports in analytical method and at the same time explain Dabigh civilization situation and economic and cultural importance of Dabighian fabrics.

In Islamic civilization history the city of Mashhad is one of the holy cities which has its own special history. A part of the historiography of this city is based on Mashhad architectural relics that is remained inside Imam Reza shrine. One of the most important relics in this shrine is some Inscriptions known as Sultan Sanjarid mud bricks and related to Saljuk king Sultan Sanjar. The problem of this essay focuses on the fact that historians of Middle Islamic Era especially in Safavid and Qajar periods, due to Shiite tendencies tried to relate background of urban identity of Mashhad to creation of relics in Imam Reza shrine. It seems these tendencies somehow drifted their vision about real time of these Inscriptions and according to some documents provided in this article and by an analytical historical method those Inscriptions had been built on Sultan Mohammad Khwarazmshah time not by Saljukid Sultan Sanjar. Result of this essay tries to review the Inscriptions subject by a critical review and shows is spite of the Qjarid historical texts have been made in Sultan Mohammad Khwarazamshah Era.

This article tries to answer this questions what’s the political ruling discourse in Siyar al-Muluk text about Abbasid Caliphate, and what relation does KhwajaNizam al-Mulk establish between it and Saljuk sultan? This writer on her way to do this, studies and investigates some tales in Siyar al-Muluk which in them Abbasid Caliphate role is distinct. The results of this investigation show that KhwajaNizam al-Mulk considers a special relationship between Abbasid Caliphate and Muslim governments which isn’t basically out of Sunnis knowledge system, but at some time due to some obvious reasons, he doesn’t apply this kind of political manners about Saljuk government and Abbasid Caliphate. So he in the position of a ministry provides an evaluation plan in the structure of getting legitimacy from Caliphate legitimacy maker system in Sunnis world in his book.

Ernest Renan, French scientist and orientalist, by presenting one of his most controversial speeches, by the title of Islam and science, in Sorbonne University on March 23th 1883 and then publishing it in Journal des Debats, started a series of intellectual discussions and penal disputes in Islamic and western world. Renan speech shortly after its publishing translated into German, English and then Arabic, Turkish, Urdu and Persian. Islamic thinkers from Sayed Jamal Al-Din Asad Abadi who resided in Paris at the time, to others such as Namegh kamal, Rashid Reza, Abd al-Razagh, Ata’Allah Bayazidov, Mohammad Hami Allah, Jalal Noori and ets…in Paris, Egypt, Ottoman, Ghazan, India and Pakistan wrote several rejections on Renan claims. These rejections themselves then turned into one of the main researching resources to know Sayed Jamal al-Din Asad Abadi’s intellectual personality. However in Iran this problem is still unknown. It is impossible to find any other rejections against Reanan in Persian resources except one which belongs, to Sayed Jamal al-Din Asad Abadi, yet most of mentioned rejections from Ottoman’s era has been translated or compiled into Turkish language. In this article for the first time the most important rejections of Islamic world thinkers have been recognized and reviewed. Most of the information used in this article belongs to Ottoman or modern Turkis resources.

Scholastic theological special patterns, canonical distinctions and particular political stances have always been the most basic signs of religious divergences in Islamic history which each of them originated from a collection of political, social and cultural origins. Sometimes these trilogy signs have been tied together with such complexity which recognizing and separation of them from each other looks very difficult. Discovering the relation between formation of canonical distinctions and strengthening of Shiites resistance against ruling system could be considered the main problem of this article. This survey tries to review the influence of canonical distinctions formation on deepening of political convergence between Imami Shiites in three primary AH centuries or Islam history or before about the end of Imams presence era. The writer tries to show that how Canonical differences between Shiites and other units of Muslim society gradually leaded into a kind of political behavior and resistance against ruling intellectual current of society and considered as a strengthening factor for convergence between Shiites and a sign of Imams’ power and influence over their followers.

In Ismailis history and its ups and downs some scientists and thinkers appeared who compiled and explained intellectual, scholastic theological and philosophical problems of this political and religious current. One of the most important subjects in historical view of Ismailis was their opinion about Human Evolution. In Ismailis point of view history has an evolutionary course and always travels from an era to a new one. In this evolutionary trend man also go toward evolution gradually. Current article tries to survey Ismailis’ historical view on human creation (Old Propaganda) and his achievement to bliss and also tries to answer that what is the aspects of human existence and his extremes of evolution in Ismailis historical philosophy and by these aspects is he capable to reach the final evolution or not? This survey outcome result is that in their view human possess different aspects. First he is an animal which is drowned in his material and spiritual life and considered as the most distant creature to god but by the guidance of profits and saints he is able to reach his extreme religious evolution on the earth. However human mental evolution and achieving extremes of wisdom and knowledge or Total Wisdom is practically impossible.

Current article investigates Nowruz feast in Indian subcontinent which mostly celebrated in Indian Timurids era with order and articulation. Using information in historical resources and a descriptive- analytical method this article has essayed so called feast ups and downs in a few preliminary kings of Timurids’ dynasty and focuses on question about factors affecting Timurids approach and stand on Nowruz and its ceremonials. In this article it has been shown that approach of Timurids’ kings and their deeds for or against feasting of Nowruz was under control of these kings’ notion and thinking as well as Socio- Political situation of that era. Also the relation between Timurids power and wealth with the way these feasts had been celebrated and the amount of adaption in Nowruz rituals and decoration caused by Timurids cultural and economic affairs has been represented in this article.