SOFT POWER STUDIES
Year:2017 | Volume:6 | Issue:15 |Papers Count:8

Trust is a vital factor for the success of individual, organization and community and is assessed as a main source of soft power and also effective for the penetration rate of hard power. Trust increased discipline, stability and predictability, and is a mechanism that maintains the integrity and unity of social relationships in the system. With the decline of public trust, public participation in political processes will be reduced. If the general public do not trust the government and its elected and appointed individuals, at the time of the implementation of difficult decisions, particularly in cases involving the sacrifice and dedication will not cooperate.Reducing citizens' trust in government and governmental institutions is one of the crisis in the world today. One of the most fundamental challenges facing public administration is how to maintain and enhance public trust in the governmental agencies.The present study aims to identify ways to enhance public trust in governmental agencies which is done by means of analytical method. The results show that the image of citizens from governmental agencies influences on public trust in governmental agencies. Citizens' perception of 1) general responsiveness, 2) the possibility of public participation in decisions, 3) service’s quality, 4) administrative health, 5) transparency, 6) ethics, 7) justice shapes the mental image of governmental organization.Therefore, upgrading the seven mentioned above factors and thus improving the image of citizens lead to have more trust on their governmental agencies.

Islamic Revolution of Iran has had an exclusive and unique characteristic in its time; the time that belonged to the two geopolitical poles of the East and West, and all political streams identified and specified based on these two poles. But the Islamic Revolution of Iran was escaping from the two current dominant and opening the "other" pole. This other pole was formed on the basis of particular discourses including the geopolitical discourse of "anti- colonialism" and "geopolitics of resistance".From this perspective, smart power as a combination of hard and soft power has a significant role in the Islamic revolution and also, has affected on the Islamic Republic of Iran. This discourses are opposed by the essence of both poles of the east and west. The methodology of the research is descriptive-analytical and it attempts to analyze the geopolitical discourse of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on the basis of Constructivism theory. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the most important factors that shape the smart power of the Islamic Revolution are hegemonic burden, potentiality of active player in world of politics, spiritual and cultural identity.

Islamic Republic of Iran has multiple sources of soft power, including culture and cultural values. To enhance Iran's ability, it is necessary to identify the sources and convert them into the soft power, And a background to identify the components of Iran's soft power, National Documents and general policies of the system are the values and resources that they have been in power resources for Iran. For this purpose, the present article "the document of Iranian national identity" has hosen to review and by using the content analysis method and library studies to answer to the questions; What is Iran's cultural soft power resources in Iranian national identity document? and How national and religious values affect on Iran's soft power promotion? The research findings show that national values (national identity, Persian language, history, civilization, science, cultural heritage and national figures) and religious values (good traditions, mosques, rituals, moral behavior, Islamic ideology, monotheism, faith) are Iran's soft power resources That by creation of attraction, solidarity and social links, nations proximity to the aspirations of the Iranian nation, spreading models and indicators, production reliability, strength and power structure... Iran's soft power may increase.

The government is responsible for its act and omission of act about the environmental pollution. Judicial and legal rules such as rules of "Use your own property in such a manner as not to injure to another", "to be the cause or occasion of", the regulations inserted in the international documents such as Article 8 of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 21 of Rio Declaration and Clause 3 of Article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights confirm that people suffered from environmental pollution must be compensated.One of the effective solutions for compensation is, resorting victims to their respective state courts and filing legal claims against the responsible government. Typically, the defendant governments cite the principle of judicial immunity to get rid of compensation. To withdraw the immunity, the courts must refer to international rules, especially, Article 12 of Convention on Jurisdictional Immunity and their Property, and render judgment in favor of those affected.

In recent year new face of power has been emerged among the countries which are aimed to attach the thought of society. Considering this point that main area of the soft war is focused on the academic environment, therefore, the role of the scholars and students as a young war commanders and officers is important. With well perceptions, the scholars could help young students to understand the real situation and defend themselves in front of enemy relying on visions, believes and faith. The aim of this paper is to identify and prioritize the components of soft power in university. To achieve this goal, the fuzzy VIKOR (VIse Kriterijumska Optimizacija i Kompromisno Resenje) method is used. The results showed that professional ethics is more important in universities than other aspects of soft power and Rahiyan-e- Noor plan is obtained the lower importance. The Islamic Azad University received the first rank in "production of science and knowledge", university of Tabriz received the first rank in modeling at the university based on religious teachings, and Payam-e- Noor University received the first rank in being as God-centered and orientation of the lecturers to the Velayat-e- Faghih. Finally, Islamic Azad University obtained the first rank among the eleven components of soft power and Tabriz University, Payam-e- Noor and University of Applied Science and Technology has placed in the next, respectively.

The present article studies the reasons for confrontations between two powers, Islamic Republic of Iran and the U.S in the region, and is seeking to answer to this question that which areas are there in this confrontation? and what influence does it’s end have on the New International Order? By analyzing the America's objectives in shaping and following up the Great Middle East Project and waging 15-year wars for it’s execution and also Islamic republic of Iran’s opposition against U.S goals, we can come to this conclusion that this confrontation exists in 3 areas of Strategy, Economy and Culture; undoubtedly the U.S victory in these areas will lead to its world hegemony and its failure will lead to the appearance of great Islamic pole of power and formation of multipolar systems in the world, and due to special and indispensable role of Iran in the U.S defeat and also because of 2 other reasons, existence of two-thirds of world energy in this region and amazing impact of Islamic Doctrines on political literature and power in the world, Islamic Pole of Power will have an amazing impact of the quality of formation of the future world order.

At the present time, spying and information gathering by educated human resources are difficult, time-consuming, expensive, and dangerous tasks, which lead to international issues for both target and attacking countries, in the case of revealing and being exposed. So, in this context and reasonable attitudes, countries are thinking about "informatics spying" to gather information through simple, scientific, and consequently low-risk ways. This paper tries to answer two following questions: 1. what is the informatics spying, and 2. what are the known types of informatics spying and its governing laws? Descriptive and analytical methodology have been used in this paper, and information have been gathered from literatures and web. According to these concepts, it can be concluded that at the present modern world, various types and methods are used in spying, regarding to technological improvements and developments. Generally, it can be acknowledged that spying methods both in targets and purposes, fundamentally differ from traditional methods, in the area of soft-war.

Repeated emphasis of the leader of the Jihad to achieve the goals and ideals of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and we need to study various topics in the field of Jihad. We Doctrine and objectives of jihadists from the perspective of the strategic management of the Supreme Leader (Mdzlhalaly) is. In this context, the successful and efficient valuable experience in post-revolution For the passage of challenges and there is a crisis. Given that various discussions among experts in Rayth with Jihad is going on, explaining doctrine and purposes is a fundamental necessity. Leader in the field of view (Mdzlhalaly) has not been investigated Is. The aim of the research presented Vmvlfh dimensions of jihadist doctrine and management objectives based on the idea province. Question of the doctrine and management objectives of jihadists is based on the idea province? In this research, documentary research is content analysis method. Relevant sources of research that documents used in this paper to examine the doctrine and its strategic management objectives.