TAHQIQAT-E TARIKH-E EJTEMAI (SOCIAL HISTORY STUDIES)
Year:2011 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

Concurrent with the Constitutional Revolution, an entity was created in most of the cities of our country called "Baladiyeh" in order to fill the gaps of urban management. Based on the available resources, the development and the initiation of Isfahan’s Baladiyeh, the social bases, challenges and the initial obstacles are reviewed. Also people’s view toward this new system of urban management and the measures of the authorities of this newly built entity for the stabilization of position and its credibility among other centers of power are considered. Since Isfahan’s Nazmiyeh was created following the development of Baladiyeh, it has also received attention in this article. As all of the cities of Iran had the same conditions in that time period, we can generalize the processes involved with the establishment of this entity.The present study follows a descriptive-analytical method and uses a library documentary method for the information gathering. It relies more on the published newspapers in Isfahan through the Constitutionalism as a first hand and reliable resource.

Despite much demographical information on Jews living in Arab territory of the Islamic era, there is not much information available about the population dispersion of Jews in Iran through the Saljoughi period. Since there is more information on the time period before the attack of Mongols, there is a chance of considering the population concentration and the living places of Iranian Jews in this era. Despite their small number, Iranian Jews had a more settlement dispersion in comparison with other religious minorities. As tradesmen, they concentrated in cities that were the main economical and business poles of Iran of that era. This should be considered as one of the factors that gained them political, economical and social advantages through the Ilkhani era.

With the acceptance of Islam, Saljooghi Turkomans as part of the Aghooz tribes in the north of the Seyhoun river immigrated to Mavara Alnahr in the second half of the fourth century, and then to Khorasan at the beginning of the fifth century. The immigration of the Saljoughi Torkemans to Khorasan is one of the main and influential changes in the middle age history of Iran and the world of Islam. This presented great influences on the social and economical conditions of the region. Their different life style beside some of the natural problems, the inattention of Ghaznavids and the anarchy of some of the social classes influenced social and economic conditions of the region. Social insecurity, trading and farming disorders and killings of a great number of Khorasanians, the immigration of some of them to other regions and the permanent settlement of Turkomans in the north of Khorasan are among their influences. The present article concentrates on how they interacted with the natives and eventually their social and economic influences in Khorasan.

The beginning of the 20th century was a hard period for Iran and especially Kurdistan province. The tribal revolts crisis after the constitutionalism, the deterrent local elements and the serious consequences of World War I caused a special and different situation in Kurdistan. The above reasons prevented Kurdish women to take part in different social and political fields. Women’s participation in these fields was less than men, for the lack of social and political experiences, although men’s participation in the mentioned fields correlated directly to their rural, tribal or urban origins. The aim of the research is to find the Kurdistan women’s political and social place and their influences on the hard times of the beginning of the twentieth century. The author has reviewed the routine life of Kurdish women and their roles in policy and economy through the available resources.

Introduction of Islam to Iran changed the political and social structures, as well as part of the social stratification system. The present article deals with the effects of the introduction of Islam on the social stratification of Iran from the fall of Sasaninan to the end of Omavids era. The main question concerns the roles of the political, economic and social-cultural structure of Iran- from the introduction of Islam to the end of the Omavids- in the continuation or change of the social stratification system. The main hypothesis is that the introduction of Islam changed the social stratification system as a result of the changing political and socio-cultural structures. The sociological method used in this study was taken from Ted Kachel, and the theories were from Talcott Parsons, Guy Rocher and Max Veber. It has also been organized on the basis of the stratification system and the division of the social classes of Iran after the introduction of Islam, the effects of Islam on social stratification, and the elements of "reliability", "respect" and the "place" of social classes are considered. The results of the study show that the introduction of Islam to Iran led to new social norms and values, and changed the political and social systems. As a result the place of some of the social classes (upper and middle) was changed, but the continuation of the economic structure led to the stabilization of a part of the low class people.

Rostam Al-Tavarikh and Rostam Al-Hokama are two innovative combinations among the title of Persian historical books. No man of wisdom has used the word "Rostam" in order to introduce himself. This suggests an interesting phenomenon in the history of historiography. Here, the central issue is that why Mohammad Hashem Asef has dealt with subjects that have not been considered in historiography books. The present article tries to reconsider the historical nature of Rostam Al-Tavarikh and the character of its writer through his personality and the era (end of Safavids through the beginning of Ghajar) he and his ancestors were living in. For this purpose two methodological approaches have been used: the explanation of the causes and the analysis of arguments.

The present article deals with the prevalence of tobacco within the kingdom of Indian Timurid. The aim is to show how some of the powerful kings of this dynasty dealt with the problem of the prevalence of tobacco through the available information from historical resources and a descriptive-analysis approach. The main question concerns the time and the factors involved with the prevalence of tobacco in this era. The prevalence of tobacco in the north of Indian subcontinent started within the final years of Akbar Shah and accelerated through the next kingdoms. Also, the effects of foreign relations of India and the policies of Timurid Kings and their influential individuals have received attention.