Journal of Military Medicine
Year:2021 | Volume:23 | Issue:8|Papers Count:8

Background and Aim: Proper management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic requires that hospitals be prepared to face the disease. The aim of this study was to review the existing tools to access the preparedness of hospitals in confrontation with COVID-19 and make their Persian translation available to health policymakers and researchers. Methods: This was a narrative review study. The existing tools were retrieved by online searching with suitable keywords in Google, Google Scholar and PubMed, in addition to hand searching in the websites of the relevant international organizations. Searches were limited to English documents, but no time limitation was considered. After removing duplications, 335 references were entered in Endnote-5. After screening for titles and abstracts, the full texts of the remaining referencing were screened and the required information was extracted. Finally, the structure and content of the found tools were compared and analysed. Results: In general, three checklists compatible with the purpose of this study were found and their translations were attached to this article. One was the Checklist developed by the CDC of Europe containing 8 domains, 21 sub-domains and 135 items. The second was developed by the CDC of the US including 3 domains, 8 sub-domains and 80 items and the last one was developed by the WHO containing 11 domains and 104 items. Conclusion: With regard to the content, there was a high similarity between the checklists. The minor differences on the checklists should be considered in localizing the tools. The next step should be choosing one checklist or making a checklist with combination of the available checklists and then making validation and localization of that checklist to be able to use it in different contexts.

Background and Aim: Imam Khomeini says that every step that a student takes to acquire knowledge must also take a step to acquire moral virtues. The purpose of this study was to explain the concept of student ethics from the perspective of medical students. Student ethics is one of the most important professional dimensions in the field of medical sciences. Findings of related studies show that despite the importance of this issue, there are many problems in defining and explaining the dimensions of this concept. This study was conducted to explain the indicators of student ethics based on the experiences of medical students. Methods: In this qualitative study, 43 students from 4 faculties (medicine, nursing, pharmacy and hygiene) of the selected military university of medical sciences were interviewed semi-structured. Purposeful sampling was performed with maximum diversity in the research. Semi-structured individual interviews were used to achieve data saturation. Exploration questions were used to deepen the interviews and extract experiences. The interviews were handwritten line by line and analyzed according to the qualitative content analysis approach. Oral consent was obtained to participate in the study and recording of the sound. Results: Student commitment, professional skills and revolutionary idealism were the main themes extracted in this research. Participants described the concept of student ethics as having revolutionary and socialist behaviors on campus, and that community-unfavorable behavior was contrary to student ethics. Participants described the university environment as a society in which respectful behavior of students should take place, because the influence of the behavior of professors and students is very effective in shaping the personality of students. Conclusion: Findings of this research can be used in the development and promotion of medical education programs and continuing education. Paying attention to these indicators in the development of student ethics can lead to a correct understanding of the student's duties in order to provide better quality treatment and care, prevent mistakes and be effective in ensuring the rights of students, professors and clients.

Background and Aim: Stressful experiences related to the workplace and organizational missions cause stress, psychological burden, and physical injuries in police officers. The continuation of these experiences will affect the quality of work-life of police officers. This study aimed to explain the concept of quality of police worklife and factors behind it based on the lived experiences of police officers. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2018–, 2019 the police organization using the conventional content analysis approach. Participants were police officers who were selected through purposeful sampling with maximum variation. Data were collected from 13 police officers through in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed through the conventional content analysis method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. MAXQDA software was used for analysis and organization. Results: The factors behind police officers’,quality of work-life were categorized into three main themes namely, "effective management and leadership", "working in bottleneck", and "accepting the working conditions". Each theme consisted of two to six subthemes. Conclusion: Quality of work-life of police is a contextual, multidimensional concept affected by the type of management and leadership, existence of refreshment and supportive facilities, and the degrees the staff accept their working conditions. Authorities are responsible to improve the police staff’, s quality of work-life so that they enjoy their organization and work. Improving the organizational atmosphere by creating pleasant working conditions can help improve the police staff’, s quality of work-life despite their difficult working conditions.

Background and Aim: Chest trauma is a major threat to human life and disability for war-wounded. The high percentage of war wounded are associated with chest trauma, lung and pleural damage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate complications and treatment results of chest trauma with lung and pleural damage in the wounded referred to Baqiyatallah hospital in Tehran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, during 2015 and 2016, 154 war-wounded patients were transferred to Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran with diagnosis of lung damage. They were selected using the census sampling method. After obtaining informed consent, Collection of Demographic Questionnaire Information, wound formation factor, the time from wound formation to initial repair and treatment measures before and after transfer were done in two stages. Data were analyzed by SPSS-24 software using Chi-square test. Results: In this study, the total number of people was male. Their mean age was 28. 16 ±,8. 69 years. The most common complications of chest trauma with the diagnosis of lung and pleural damage, Hemothorax was 16 (10. 4%) patients. The most common cause of trauma between the injured, the fragments were 79 (51. 2%). In the evaluation of medical measures on all injured before transfer, 22 (26. 19%) patients required re-implantation of a chest tube and 2 patients (2. 3%) thoracotomy, while in post-transfer treatment measures, 3 (5. 26%) patients required re-implantation of a chest tube and 5 (8. 77%) patients VATS in Baqiyatallah Medical Center. There was significant relationship between the time of removal of the chest tube required re-implantation of a chest tube. Conclusion: The most common complication of chest trauma with the diagnosis of lung and pleural damage was Hemothorax. The wounds that came out of the chest tube after the transfer had better treatment. It is necessary for the military medicine officials to pay attention to the management and appropriate measures in order to improve the medical care of war wounds and the proper repair and reduction of the complications of patients’,trauma and training in chest tube implantation skills for all medical staff in military centers.

Background and Aim: Declining physical fitness has posed a significant challenge for the armed forces to employ physically fit military personnel around the world. Therefore, knowledge of optimizing the performance and physical fitness of individuals through physical exercise is critical. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of an 8-weeks basic training program on the aerobic and physical capacities of the military forces. Methods: The present research has been performed based on the before and after trial method with a statistical population of 39 healthy male students of the military officers’,university. According to the Brus protocol, aerobic and physical capacities were evaluated at the beginning and end of the training course. The military training program included eight weeks of physical activity with a frequency of five days a week, and each session lasted 120 minutes. The paired t-test was utilized for data analysis in SPSS software. Results: There was a significant decrease between the average weight and body mass index before and after the training program. Also, there was a significant difference (P <0. 001) between maximum aerobic capacity (56. 81 ±,5. 09 and 71. 65 ±,1. 76 ml/kg/min), consumed oxygen (4. 08 ±,0. 50 and 4. 95 ±,0. 59 L/min), maximum physical capacity (20. 40 ±,2. 51 and 24. 79 ±,2. 98 kcal/min), and duration of activity (15. 35 ±,1. 27 and 20. 04 ±,0. 86 min) before and after the training program. Conclusion: The present study results showed that the 8-weeks of basic military training (BMT) program improved the aerobic capacity, physical capacity and reduced the cardiovascular risk factors in comparison with the before-training period. Also, this training program is the most crucial factor in expanding the physical capacity of individuals before employing them to perform the desired tasks.

Background and Aim: Following the COVID-19 pandemic and the exposure of Iran's military and government services and hospital system to this disease, in this study we intend to the evaluation of COVID-19 treatment outcomes in a military hospital and its comparison with a nonmilitary hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 535 patients (155 cases in a nonmilitary hospital and 380 cases in a military hospital) with COVID-19 patients admitted to the military and the nonmilitary hospital in Tehran city in 2021 who were selected using random sampling. Death, hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Average Length of Stay in Hospital (ALSH) were considered as treatment outcomes in this study. The standard checklist was used to collect data and SPSS software version 24 was used to analyze the data. Results: In this study, the death rate, hospitalization in ICU and ALSH in the nonmilitary hospital were 20. 6%, 40. 6% and 5. 15 ±,8. 23 days, respectively. These three outcomes (death rate, hospitalization in ICU and ALSH) in the military hospital were 8. 9%, 15. 3% and 4. 30 ±,7. 56 days, respectively. The results of this study showed that the death rate (P <0. 001) and ICU hospitalization (P <0. 001) were statistically different between the two hospitals, but the two hospitals were similar in terms of ALSH (P = 0. 125). Conclusion: Due to the difference in the type of treatment used (more corticosteroids and fewer antiviruses) in the military hospital than the nonmilitary hospital, it is possible to ensure better treatment performance in the military hospital rather than the nonmilitary hospital.

Background and Aim: Exposure to hand-arm vibration is a common physical harmful factor. Floating jobs and working in small boats are among the jobs that people are always exposed to high level of vibration and noise. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects caused by vibration on the drivers of military speedboats. Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study. In this study, 52 drivers of military speedboats were selected as the case group and 27 as the control group. In this study, demographic variables questionnaire, DASH questionnaire and grip strength test (grip and pinch) of fingers and hands were used. All analyzes were performed using SPSS software version 23. Results: The results showed that the symptoms of vibration disorders in the case group are more than the control group. The case group, due to their higher score, is in a worse situation in terms of inability to arm, shoulder and hand compared to the control group. The mean grip strength of hands and fingers in both hands was lower in the case group than in the control group. There is a statistically significant relationship between the grip strength of the case and control groups. Conclusion: Physical function is reduced in people exposed to vibration. Dash score level and grip strength can be used as a predictor of reduced physical disability.