Journal of Dental Medicine
Year:2001 | Volume:14 | Issue:2 (27)|Papers Count:11

Helicobacter pylori infection causes gastric and duodenal ulcer. However recurrence of infection after eradication would suggest the existence of other reinfecting sources in the gastrointestinal tract (GI). The aim of this study was to assess the existence of helicobacter pylori in dental plaques of patients harboring helicobacter pylori in their GI tract. Antral biopsies were taken from 40 patients with GI problems and cultured. Samples were also taken from dental plaques of patients with positive helicobacter pylori culture under microaerophilic conditions and evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reamplification. The mean age of patients was 40 years; 24 (60%) male and 16 (40%) female. The results obtained from dental plaque cultures, which analysed by PCR were all negative, however 7 (17.5%) cases were found positive by PCR reamplification. The results showed that helicobacter pylori could exist in dental plaque and PCR reamplification could be used for its detection as a more sensitive technique. More research should be conducted to examine any relation between the existence of helicobacter pylori in dental plaques and recurrent GI disorders.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pulsed Nd:YAG laser on the dentin surface by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to determine the optimum time and power of radiation to seal the exposed dentinal tubules. Horizontal sections were taken from newly extracted impact third molar teeth. Smear layers from the dentin surfaces were removed by phosphoric acid and all samples were treated with the pulsed Nd:YAG laser in different powers and times. The results of this study showed that the laser pulsed Nd:YAG with power: 1.7 w during 60 seconds was able to seal the exposed dentinal tubules.

The idea of using chemical agents in removal of obstructions on the walls of root canals has been existing since years ago. Successful attempts in this area have been made with the introduction of RC-Prep materials in root canal preparations. The aim of this study was to compare the decalcifying potency of two chelating agents in root canal preparations. 30 extracted canines were divided in three groups for use of Rc- Prep materials. Group A Rc-Prep (Primer) made in USA, group B Rc- Prep (RC-CTF) made in Iran, and group C as control. Root canals were prepared using standard method followed by washing with 5% sodium hypochloride. Then the teeth were divided into two sections of mesial and distal by a special cutting device. The amount of calcium on polished sections was measured using an elemental analysis method (electron beam probe system). The mean value data were analysed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The mean values for the measured calcium were group A: 28713±1129, group B: 39441±680, and group C: 54458±2024. Statistical analysis showed that the mean value for group A was significantly different from other groups. There was also significant difference in the mean values for group B and C. The results indicate that the decalcifying potency for Rc-Prep (Primer, USA) is significantly higher (P<0.001) than that of Rc-Prep (RC-CTF).

Concern for adverse effects must accompany any use of ionizing radiation. Such concern for the expanded use of CT scanning, conventional tomography and panoramic in dental implant radiology can be expressed by the establishment of absorbed radiation dose for critical tissues (resulting from these radiographic procedures). Potential patient benefit should be weighted against the risk and other disadvantages and/or advantages of a particular radiographic imaging technique. Measurement of dose values can act as a guideline for such risk determinations. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the absorbed doses of various anatomic sites during these radiographic techniques. The absorbed radiation doses in bone marrow, thyroid gland, salivary gland, eye, brain and skin entrance were determined by placement of lithium fluoride thermoluminescent dosimetres (TLD, S) at selected anatomic sites within and on a humanlike x-ray phantom. The phantom was exposed to radiation from panoramic, linear tomographic and computer- assisted tomographic (CT) stimulated dental implant radiographic examinations. The mean dose was determined for each anatomic site. CT examination showed disruption dose, while panoramic radiography was generally the lowest. The mean absorption value by paratid gland was higher than of other salivary glands.

Different methods can be used to treat the malignant disease; surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and even cryotherapy are different approach to reach the best treatment for patients. The aim of this cross sectional study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral side effects followed by chemotherapy of cancerous patients in Imam Khomeini hospital. This study was conducted on 80 patients who were under chemotherapy more than once and their oral lesions were evaluated considering their physical conditions. Mucositis was the common problem (66.2%) and the most involvement area was observed in tongue (55%). High percentage of this lesion in adult and senile might be due to deficiency in their immune system.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate Y shape appliance for expansion on maxillary arch of patients in their mixed dentition age. Eight patients, 6 girls and 2 boys, with maxillary constriction, retrusion of maxillary anteriors, and space deficiency of upper canine were treated by Y-plate expansion. For each patient 8 parameters on upper cast and 7 parameters on lower cast were measured. Statistical analysis was conducted by calculating the mean, standard deviation and p-value, of parameters. Since these parameters change during natural growth, the results were compared to normal growth changes of similar patients group form another study as control. Results showed significant increase in maxillary and mandibular cervical and coronal intercanine and intermolar width (P<0.005). The results also showed significant increase in maxillary arch length and perimeter.

Different techniques for local anesthesia are used in the mandible. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of inferior alveolar dental nerve blocks by comparing the two akinosi and conventional techniques. 80 patients (aged 15-60 years old) were randomly divided into tow groups for extracting the mandibuler posterior teeth by akinosi and conventional techniques. Patients were all injected with 1.8 ml of Lidocaine 2% plus Adrenaline 1/80000.Then the Pain Sensation during injection, positive aspiration, beginning time of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia depth of anesthesia, and the anesthesia of soft tissue related to sensory nerves were evaluated. The results showed that the pain sensation in conventional technique was significantly higher than that of akinosi technique. The number of positive aspirations in conventional technique (12.5%) was higher than that of akinosi (5%) but not significantly different. The long buccal nerve anesthesia in akinosi technique (75%) was significantly higher than that of conventional technique. There was no significant difference between the two techniques for the depth of anesthesia. The success rate was 87.5% in conventional technique and 80% in akinosi technique. The average time of lips anesthesia in conventional technique was 3 minutes compared with 4 minutes in akinosi technique, which was not significantly different from each other. However, the beginning time of aneshtesia in tongue was significantly lower in conventional technique. No significant difference in the duration of anesthesia in lips and tonques between the two techniques was observed.

Osteodystrophy is one of the most common complications at the last stage of renal disease, which cause low bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal deformities in patients. In this study evaluation of renal osteodystrophy was evaluated through BMD measurement of 45 under dialysis and 78 healthy persons by intra-oral digital radiography (RVG). Results Showed that: 1- The average of BMD in hemodialysis patients was indeed lower than normal population (P=0.000). 2- The mean of BMD of females was lower than males (P=0.021). 3- There was no correlation between and BMD (P=0.560). 4- Age and BMD had no significant relationship (P=0.648). 5- There was negative correlation between alkaline and BMD therefore ALP is a useful predictive factor for BMD (P=0.002).

Oral cancers account for a relatively high percent of neoplasms in the elderly population. Treatment protocols often include anti-neoplastic pharmaco–therapeutics, irradiation of the head and neck region, and surgery. These treatments, specially radiation, have detrimental effects on oral hard and soft tissues. Salivary glands undergo a distinct and longterm dysfunction, which leads to decrease in salivary flow. Xerostomia is a common clinical problem in these patients which contributes to dry mouth, mucosites, change in oral ecosystem and dental caries, followed by difficulties in speech, swallowing and use of dentures which cause malnutrition. This phenomenon has an irreversible weakening effect on the patient’s health. To prevent this negative impact on oral health in this group of patients, definitive dental treatments prior to the initiation of medical therapies is imperative, and will decrease the morbidity rates. Today’s dentistry benefits from improved methods and materials, which enable us to give these patients a better preventive dental treatment. Consultation between dentist and medical team would be the best way to help our sufferer patients.