Journal of Military Medicine
Year:2022 | Volume:24 | Issue:3|Papers Count:7

Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between organizational nudge and organizational mobbing variables with employee job stress. Methods: The present study was conducted in the descriptive-correlation method with applied nature in 1400. The statistical population includes 228 administrative, financial, and support staff of Shiraz military hospitals. A statistical sample of 143 people was selected based on Cochran's formula. The sampling method was simple random available and the standard questionnaire measurement selection was used in which the 5-point Likert scale from strongly agree to disagree strongly was used. Demographic, organizational nudge, organizational mobbing, and job stress questionnaires were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaires was assessed by content, convergent and divergent methods, and their reliability was evaluated by internal consistency and composite reliability. The structural equation model was used to analyze the correlation and Amos software version 26 and SPSS version 22 were used for data analysis. Results: The output of structural equations showed that the coefficient of statistical path of t-statistic was negatively and significantly correlated between organizational nudge variables with job stress (t = 9/25, β,=-0/586) and positively correlated between organizational mobbing variables and job stress. Is significant (t = 6/55, β,= 0/594). Conclusion: Increasing the hostile behaviors of employees in the workplace leads to increasing job stress and reducing organizational productivity. With timely nudge and control of these hostile behaviors, the efficiency and health of the organizational environment can be increased.

Background and Aim: There are different species of arthropods and rodents in different parts of Iran that are important in terms of medicine and health. To make a proper decision for the control of vectors, it is necessary to have accurate and complete information about the current status of insects control methods for plan and provide appropriate solutions based on it. Therefore, this study aimed to survey the use of chemical insecticides to control vectors in selected categories of military units. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 2021 on health officials and staff of selected categories of military units. After the necessary coordination, permission to complete the questionnaire was issued for 30 units. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the obtained data. Results: Among the different controlling methods for insects and rodents, the chemical method has been the most used. DDT and chlordane insecticides were most used in the chlorine group. In this study, only 44. 10% of the health managers of military units were aware of the principles of control of vectors and the application of insecticides. In total, 36. 22% of them had the necessary skills for operational control of vectors, and 47. 52% of them had acquaintance with principles of safety and observed safety issues for control of vectors. As well as, there was no comprehensive protocol for the preparation, distribution, and application of insecticides and safety principles. Conclusion: In general, knowledge, skills, and observance of safety points among environmental health officials of selected military units have not been at the desired or acceptable level. Codification of the comprehensive protocol on the preparation, distribution and application of insecticides, as well as, holding long and short-term training courses is recommended for military personnel to increase their knowledge and skills.

Background and Aim: Hospital disaster risk management accreditation standards have been developed since 2016. However, the country's hospitals are still not well prepared in this regard. This study aimed to identify the implementation challenges of the disaster Risk Management Program in the country's hospitals and provide solutions to improve it. Methods: This study was conducted as qualitative research in 2019. Purposeful semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 managers of disaster management centers of the Ministry of Health, medical universities and, hospitals in the country and continued until the saturation stage. Graneheim and Landman's contractual content analysis method was used for data analysis and MAXQDA 12 software was used for data management. Lincoln and Guba's criteria were used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Results: By analyzing the interviews, 6 main challenges (gap in the policy of the Ministry of Health, limited resources, weakness in planning, lack of coordination and information management, negative attitude at the managerial level, challenges of knowledge, skills, and attitude of human resources) and 31 sub-challenges in disaster risk management were identified in hospitals. Inadequate structures and weaknesses in planning at various levels, lack of transparency of laws, burnout of hospitals, weaknesses in the information management process, weaknesses in knowledge, skills and attitudes of managers and employees were the main side challenges. twentyseven solutions were detected that reforming management structures, securing hospitals, effective and efficient management of resources, reforming policies, creating databases and, using new methods in training and practicing hospital preparedness were among the most important solutions presented. Conclusion: The implementation of disaster risk management programs in the country's hospitals at the levels of policy-making, planning, and implementation is associated with challenges and problems. Paying attention to the structure and organization of disaster management at the Ministry of Health, universities, and hospitals, reforming the structure, laws and national instructions and processes in the programs of the Ministry of Health can lead to improving disaster preparedness in hospitals.

Background and Aim: One of the leading groups that are susceptible to Upper Cross syndrome are army personnel. Due to having more physical activities, the army officers are more likely to be exposed to Upper Cross syndrome. In this line, the present study aims to comparatively investigate the relationship between the performance of the shoulder, neck, and body muscles among the army personnel having this syndrome with those not being exposed to it. Methods: This research is cross-sectional regarding the time, applied research in terms of theme, and causalcomparative in terms of methodology or strategy. Research population of current research included one hundred and twenty male army officers whose hometown was Kermanshah and ranged in age from thirty to forty-five years old with at least seven years of experience. Having taken arrival and exiting requirements into consideration, a number of seventy people were selected and assigned to two equal groups, named officers having Upper Cross syndrome and those not having this syndrome, by using purposeful and convenient sampling designs. After getting acquainted with the quality of the research and organizing the research procedure, the intended data was collected. Different types of instruments including cameras, adaptable ruler, and dynamometer were used to measure perturbed head, rounded shoulder, kyphosis, and isometric contraction of the muscles in the shoulder, neck and, trunk respectively. Statistical analysis of the raw data was performed by SPSS version 23 and was presented in two descriptive and inferential sections. Results: People with the upper cross syndrome with a mean (age = 34. 85 ±,3. 57 years, height = 178 ±,0. 04 cm, weight = 76. 77 ±,11. 82 kg) and people without syndrome with a mean (age = 34. 02 ±,2. 93 years, height = 179 ±,0. 05 cm, weight = 79. 91 ±,11. 01 kg) that statistical analysis showed that at a significance level of 0. 05% there is no significant difference between demographic characteristics. The results show that there is a significant difference between shoulder, neck and, trunk muscle function with glenohumeral joint disorders in soldiers with and without upper cross syndrome (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Given the findings of the present study, it can be observed that the fixed and repetitive positioning pattern in the syndrome group, due to the type and extent of working with computer and creation of fixed posture, was effective on muscular power and shoulder movement range. This issue can be less observed in the group without the syndrome because of the type of occupational activity, which can be indicative of the positive effect of correct positioning pattern during the activity on the happening of shoulder movement disorder.

Background and Aim: Nursing is an important subset of the health care system to act in critical situations. Military and civilian nurses are among the first to appear on the scene and provide services in the event of an accident or disaster, and military nurses play a double role in times of crisis due to their special security dimension. Assessing the capability and readiness of military nurses requires a local, accurate and reliable tool. The aim of this study was to validate and localize the short form tool of the Ability and Readiness Index in military nurses in Iran. Methods: This research is a descriptive methodological study. In this study, permission was first obtained from the original author to use the tool. Then the Readiness Estimate and Deploy Ability Index (READI) short form tool was translated into Persian according to the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) protocol. Face validity of this tool was performed using the opinions of Persian literature experts and 15 military nurses. Then, with the help of 10 experts in the field of instrumentation, the content validity of the tool was calculated quantitatively, and based on the announced opinions, the content validity index (CVI) and was determined. Reliability was assessed by two methods of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest, by calculating the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data analysis was performed using confirmatory factor analysis with a sample size of 200 military nurses by convenience sampling method available with SPSS-22 and Lisrel 8. 8. Results: In the present study, the CVI in all items, were higher than the standard value (0. 62) and (0. 79), respectively and all the items got the desired score. Also, the final version of the 40-item READI short form tool with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. 949 and the intra-cluster correlation index for the whole tool had 0. 92 reliability. The results of factor analysis of data showed that the Persian version of the tool has a 6-factor structure (clinical nursing readiness, operational nursing readiness, life skills, psychosocial readiness, command and administrative support, group identification, and solidarity). Based on the mentioned factors, the sum of items was explained. These factors were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. (RAMSEA = 0. 067, CFI = 0. 97 and IFI = 0. 97). Estimation of standard factor loads in confirmatory factor analysis showed that this tool has an acceptable fit in Iranian culture and has good structural validity. Conclusion: According to the acceptable level of validity and reliability indicators, the Persian version of the READI short form can be used as a comprehensive and reliable native tool to measure the level of readiness of military nurses.

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the musculoskeletal disorders of students of Imam Ali Military (AS) University with different military training history. Methods: To conduct this study, 90 students of the officer university in three new entrance groups of first year (number: 30 people, age: 20. 06 ±,1. 31 years, height: 1. 80 ±,0. 05 m, weight: 72. 40 ±,8. 98 Kg, BMI: 22. 21 ±,2. 43 kg/m 2 ),second year (number: 30 people, age: 21. 00 ±,1. 59 years, height: 1. 78 ±,0. 04 m, weight: 73. 66 ±,6. 68 kg, BMI: 23. 24 ±,1. 82 kg/m 2 ) and third year (number: 30 people, age: 21. 53 ±,1. 45 years, height: 1. 78 ±,0. 06 m, weight: 72. 23 ±,9. 66 kg, BMI: 22. 73 ±,2. 55 kg/m 2 ) were selected. In this cross-sectional study, the photography method was used to measure the angle of the forward head and forward shoulders. The angle of kyphosis and lumbar lordosis were also determined by using a flexible ruler. Also, the arch of the foot was determined by the navicular drop method, the amount of genu varum or genu valgum assessed by a caliper, and the amount of hyperextension of knee evaluated by a goniometer. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the type of data distribution. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine between-group differences and the Bonferroni post hoc test was used to compare the two groups. All analyzes were performed by using SPSS software version 26. Results: The results of the present study showed that there were significant differences between the three groups of the first year, second year, and third year in the variables of forward head, forward shoulder, kyphosis, lordosis, amount of genu recurvatum, and foot arch (P = 0. 001). The results of the Bonferroni test showed that there was a significant difference in the variables of forward head and forward shoulder between the groups of the first year-third year (P≤, 0. 01) and also between the second year-third year (P = 0. 001). Also, there were significant difference in the kyphosis variable between the groups of the first year-third year (P = 0. 04) and also the second year-third year (P = 0. 001) that in the lordosis variable, this difference was significant between the first year and third year groups (P = 0. 001). In addition, there was a significant difference in the variables of genu recurvatum and foot arch between the groups of the first year-second year, first year-third year, and second yearthird year (P = 0. 001), but this difference in other variables was not significant between different groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the participation of military university students in military and educational training may be associated with increased forward head, forward shoulder, kyphosis, lordosis, genu recurvatum, and flat foot. Accordingly, corrective exercises are recommended for these students to prevent these musculoskeletal disorders.

Background and Aim: Although the effect of peace of mind on improving the function of the nervous-hormonal-immune system has been confirmed, the study about the effect of spiritual health on the treatment of patients with COVID-19 requires scientific study. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of spiritual health on the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This research was conducted from April 2020 to July 2021 at Baqiyatallah Military Hospital in Tehran, by using the method of "Strauss and Corbin's grounded systematic theory". The data were the result of in-depth interviews with 22 patients and hospital staff, field observations of the researcher, and a comprehensive report. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding by using the MAXQDA software. Results: Spiritual health of the treatment team and patients changed their attitude towards the disease crisis. So they consider life events and sufferings as spiritual experiences that can be managed by the power of God. They considered God as "healing agent, " the healer, whose will governs life events. This spiritual attitude stemmed from their spiritual health. Religious faith and spirituality were effective in adapting to crisis by promoting spiritual intelligence. Spiritual motivation led to "resilience" and striving for the pleasure of God. The hospital staff performed several responsibilities at the same time. Conclusion: Considering the effect of spiritual health on the treatment of patients, it is necessary to combine spiritual health services in holistic treatment and care in Iranian hospitals. Staff should also be trained to provide spiritual health services.