Journal of Military Medicine
Year:2022 | Volume:24 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Background and Aim: This study aimed to identify criteria affecting the prioritization of environmental health projects in military centers and to propose a prioritization strategy. Methods: In this descriptive study, by reviewing and summarizing the theoretical frameworks, the criteria for assessing and prioritizing environmental health projects were identified. Next, by presenting the general content of the questionnaire to experts, their constructive opinions were applied. After designing the assessment checklist, which included 16 criteria, relevant sub-criteria were also designed for each criterion. Scores 1, 2, and 3 were assigned to the criteria, and the sub-criteria were scored from 1 to 10. A weighted score was obtained by multiplying the weight of criteria by their scores. The weighted score was obtained by multiplying the score by its weight. After summing all the weighted scores, the total score of each center was obtained. In a center with a higher overall score, the implementation of environmental health plans had a higher priority. Finally, a field evaluation was performed. Results: According to the total scores, environmental health projects had the highest priority in center D and center F, respectively. Conclusion: The method proposed in this study, by considering the opinions of experts and converting qualitative criteria into quantitative ones, can be a helpful guide for health planners and other decision-makers and officials to make logical decisions. It is recommended to appoint a specialized committee to prioritize environmental health projects.

Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of military students performing prediction tasks under different weather conditions and also to investigate the relationship between the ability of mental imagery and the ability to predict these students. In addition, in this research, a comparison was made between the ability to predict pilots and other students. Methods: In this research, a total of 19 students, including pilot and non-piloting students, first completed the VMIQ-2 and then each shot in three different conditions. The samples were first shot in steady conditions, and then they were asked to shoot the moving targets displayed by the shooting simulator. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normal distribution of data and analysis of variance with repeated measures was used for significant comparison between groups and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the correlation between variables using SPSS software version 16. Results: Significant differences were observed between the three shooting situations using repeated measures analysis of variance (P<0. 003). There was a significant difference between the fixed position with performing predictive tasks in the moving position (P<0. 023) and moving in the presence of wind conditions (P<0. 017). Also, the ability to predict pilot students was higher than non-pilot students in moving position (35. 50) and moving with the wind (35. 50), respectively, but no significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0. 05) and in No direct relationship was observed between any of the types of imaging and the results of the prediction tasks. Conclusion: Adaptive prediction and mental training in military organs, especially in pilots, is very important due to the existence of many moving targets in flight, such as chasing a fighter, or vehicle and targeting it at the desired point and time, and having this skill increases accuracy and the speed of decision-making and ultimately their success in military operations.

Background and Aim: During the Covid-19 epidemic, the armed forces and medical personnel, took direct action against the disease and served the people. It is possible that these forces and their mental health were affected by the outbreak of this disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 among the armed forces and its impact on their mental health. Methods: This study is a systematic review based on the MOOSE checklist. This study thoroughly reviewed related articles in valid databases from 2019 to 2021. In order to extract the required data, the titles, abstracts, results, and all texts of the articles have been reviewed. In order to evaluate the quality of the reviewed articles, the JBI checklist was used. Finally, 15 articles were reviewed based on the purpose of the study and keyword search. Results: According to the articles, COVID-19 has been highly prevalent among military personnel, while it was not prevalent among Navy personnel. Factors such as inadequate training and poor nutritional status have led to the spread of COVID-19 among armed forces personnel. Furthermore, the mental health of armed forces personnel has also been affected by the outbreak of COVID-19. Depression and anxiety have increased among this military personnel, especially physicians and military veterans. COVID-19 obsession has increased the fear, anxiety, stress, and depression of the armed forces. The duration of sleep and its quality, type of occupation, and age were among the factors that affected the mental health of military personnel during the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion: The spread of COVID-19 among the armed forces can be prevented by taking appropriate initial control measures, training armed forces personnel, and paying attention to personnel's environment and nutrition status. To some extent by conducting psychometric tests of Armed Forces personnel, the impact of the COVID19 outbreak on personnel's mental health can be prevented.

Background and Aim: Proper triage of patients to receive medical services can manage their referral to medical centers, reduce mortality, and increase the quality of services provided. Due to the importance of this issue, some of the triage challenges were reviewed and described here. Methods: In the present systematic review study, to extract related studies, keywords Triage, Challenge, PreHospital Emergency, and Hospital-Emergency were searched in both Persian and English in domestic and foreign databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct, SID, Magiran during 2011 to August 2021. Twenty articles were included in the study based on inclusion criteria. Results: Out of 6080 retrieved articles, 20 articles were reviewed. In the analysis, seven categories in the triage field challenges around the world were obtained, including 1-Incidence of miss triage and wastage of valuable emergency resources, 2-Insufficient knowledge about Existing types of triage algorithms, 3-Multiplicity of triage algorithms, creation of new algorithms and their unfamiliarity for health care personnel 4-Ethical problems for triage users 5-Lack of computer tools and artificial intelligence or their inefficiency 6-Distance between knowledge and practice of Healthcare personnel, and 7. Lack of codified simulated training courses. Conclusion: There are several challenges to performing triage in pre-hospital and hospital emergencies. Given the devastating effects of these challenges on patient service delivery, appropriate actions need to be taken by decision-makers to address them.

Background and Aim: Working cloth is one of the most important personal protective equipment for workers and the military, and its proper selection for hot and dry areas plays an important role in heat exchange and balance between the human body and the environment. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the heat transfer and comfort of fabrics and the optimal selection of fabrics for military personnel and workers in hot and dry areas. Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 16 types of common fabrics of military personnel and workers in hot and dry areas. This fabric has a combination of 4 texture patterns and 4 types of percentage of a combination of cotton and polyester. The fabrics were evaluated in terms of air permeability and water vapor permeability, water absorption, equivalent pore radius, thermal conductivity, tear resistance, and bending stiffness of the machine. Finally, the optimal fabric was selected by combining multivariate decision making and hierarchical analysis (AHP-TOPSIS) and compared with other fabrics using SPSS 16 software. Results: The results of AHP-TOPSIS showed that the fabric with a combined share of 65% cotton and 35% polyester with a texture of 1/2 shows the optimal behavior in terms of comfort characteristics and heat transfer of the fabric. In a texture of 1/2, the average amount of water absorption, bending stiffness and thermal conductivity in 35% polyester and 65% cotton fabrics are not significantly different from 100% cotton fabrics (P>0. 05). Also, the average amount of air and water vapor permeability and tear resistance in 35% polyester and 65% cotton fabrics are not significantly different from 65% polyester and 35% cotton fabrics (P>0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the most optimal fabric for military personnel and workers in hot and dry areas has a composition of 65% cotton and 35% polyester and also has a texture of 1/2.

Background and Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of selected exercises course on the scores of the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) test among the special unit staff of the Isfahan police force. Methods: The present study is quasi-experimental and prospective. The statistical sample of this research included 20 officers of the police special staff (NOPO) who were equally divided into two the experimental group (n = 10) and the control group (n = 10). Demographic characteristics of the special police force staff included mean age: 32. 9 ±,2. 68 years old, height: 176. 80 ±,5. 44 cm, and weight: 78. 40 ±,8. 84 kg. First, the subjects 'functional screening test scores were recorded, then they exercised for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week), and each session was allocated to one hour of selected exercises. Later, the subjects' functional screening test scores were recorded again. Due to the non-normality of the data, a non-parametric Wilcoxon test was used and the data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Eight weeks of selected exercises affected the FMS test score on four tests stepping over the obstacle (P = 0. 008), launch (P = 0. 009), stability push-ups (P = 0. 046), and rotational stability (P = 0. 015). However, it had no effect on four tests shoulder motion (P = 1. 000), deep squat (P = 0. 317), and active leg raising (P = 0. 83), and the significance level in the present study was 0. 05. Conclusion: The findings show that the selected exercises on the special police force staff are weak in the shoulder and squat movement pattern, and active leg raising, but have a positive impact on the pattern of stepping over the obstacle, launch, stability push-up, and rotational stability. Therefore, the functional movement screening test, as a method of injury prevention, are effective for the special police force staff.

Background and Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different nocturnal sleep patterns on shooting accuracy, reaction time, and cognitive function in military college students. Methods: The study was conducted on 48 students of Air Defense Officer University in Tehran (age,20. 7 ±,1. 15). Subjects were randomly divided into four groups: guarding post 1 (6-8, 12-14, 18-20, and 24-2), guarding post 2 (8-10, 14-16, 20-24, 2-4), guarding post 3 (10-12, 16-18, 22-24, 4-6), and control (no guarding post). After the end of the last guarding post, cognitive function (Stroop test),accuracy of shooting (10-meter air pistol shooting),simple, and choice-reaction time (Deary-Liewald test) were assessed in all groups. Data were analyzed using oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey or Dunnet-3 post hoc tests. Results: The results showed that compared to the control group, the shooting accuracy was significantly reduced in the subjects of the guarding post 1 (P = 0. 002) and guarding post 2 (P = 0. 001) groups. Moreover, compared to the control group, the guarding post 2 (P = 0. 001) and the guarding post 3 (P = 0. 001) groups, had poorer performance in the simple reaction test. Additionally, subjects in the guarding post 2 group had poorer performance in choice-reaction time and cognitive function compared to the control group (P = 0. 001). Conclusion: The nocturnal sleep pattern has a significant effect on cognitive function, reaction time, and shooting accuracy of military forces, particularly sleep deprivation caused by guarding post 2 has the most deleterious effect on these variables. Hence, it seems that more attention should be given to the rest after guarding post 2 in the military forces to achieve optimal performance.