JOURNAL OF ORAL HEALTH AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
Year:2021 | Volume:10 | Issue:3|Papers Count:6

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Research has focused on relating ABO blood group systems and different systemic disorders in recent years. Studies showing relation between dental disorders and ABO blood groups, to date, are limited. The current study was undertaken to explore whether blood group affects dental diseases, especially dental caries. METHODS: 346 patients who attended the Dental Clinic and Research Center, Patanjali Ayurved Hospital, Haridwar, India, were randomly selected for the study. Patients who showed their blood group test performed in a registered pathological laboratory or in our pathobiology laboratory were included in the study. Dental caries were recorded based on the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index issued by the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS: The prevalence of caries among the adults and older people was within 100% both in Yerevan and its regions. The most common dental disorder was dental caries among all blood groups. Dental caries were more prevalent in blood group B, followed by O, A, and AB. No significant correlation was found between the DMFT index score and blood groups. CONCLUSION: Further studies are required on a larger population to conclude any correlation between the ABO blood group phenotypes and dental disorders.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Infraocclusion, a disorder of tooth eruption, can often be found with more than one different variation in a child. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of infraocclusion and to investigate the selected dental variations associated with infraocclusion in the West Mediterranean region of Turkey. METHODS: The sample consisted of 3, 228 children aged 7-11 years. The prevalence and severity of infraocclusion and presence of other dental variations (tooth agenesis, supernumerary teeth (ST), dens invaginatus, and taurodontism) were determined by the examination of panoramic radiographies. The development degree of the corresponding permanent teeth was determined using the Nolla and Haavikko method. For statistical testing, the chi-square test was used to compare the data in SPSS software. RESULTS: Infraocclusion was defined in 3. 25% of the examined primary molars. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of infraocclusion between girls (n = 51) and boys (n = 73) or between the right and left sides (P > 0. 05). It was found that about half of the affected patients had two impacted molars. Infraocclusion had mainly affected the first mandibular molar. A dental variation was also found in addition to infraocclusion in 50. 8% of the patients. It was observed that primary molars without successors had more severe infraocclusion. No difference in terms of tooth development was detected (P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Given the results of the present study, it was seen that half of the children with infraoccluded primary molar had additional dental variations. Therefore, all children in the mixed and primary dentition must be examined carefully for the infraocclusion of primary molars and accompanying dental variations. Early diagnosis and treatment may prevent the development of complications, so that the condition can be appropriately managed.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The oral hygiene practices of children are dependent on their parents, so this study was performed with the aim to investigate the perceptions and practices of parents regarding their own and their children's oral health. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 374 parents and caregivers of primary school children in Quetta, Pakistan. The study population was selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire distributed among the parents through the teachers of their children. RESULTS: Parental knowledge on "prevention of oral diseases" was found to be low compared with the "pathology of diseases". Around half of the parents were unaware of the benefits of fluoride added to toothpaste. Just over half of the parents perceived the item “, Frequent bottle feeding does not affect children’, s oral health”,negatively and over one-third of parents believed that milk teeth do not require good care, as they will fall out in later stages of life. Around two-thirds of parents reported to clean their teeth twice a day. Moreover, 77% of parents used a toothbrush and 15% used a Chewing stick for cleaning their teeth. Only 7% of parents reported that they supervise their children during tooth brushing and around one-third of parents reported that they remind their children of tooth brushing. CONCLUSION: Overall, parental knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding oral hygiene needs to be improved. Oral health awareness programs can be designed and implemented to improve the perceptions and practices of parents regarding their own and their children's oral health.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders with an unknown etiology. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IBS and oral health status such as the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and related behaviors such as recorded tooth brushing and flossing. METHODS: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 240 volunteers who referred to Arvand Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, and were screened for Manning and Rome criteria as well as IBS were selected. Finally, 130 patients and 110 controls were included in the study. The demographic information questionnaire, DMFT index, and OHI-S were recorded by the researchers. The logistic regression model was used to predict the oral health factors affecting IBS as a multivariate odds ratio (OR) using SPSS software. Statistical significance level was considered at P < 0. 05. RESULTS: The descriptive results showed that the mean age of the participants was 28. 45 ±,5. 40 years and their mean marriage age was 23. 70 ±,3. 30 years. Irregular brushing, smoking, and history of recurrent oral aphthous or ulcers were found to be related to IBS, and brushing 2-3 times a day had a protective effect. Further, there was a significant relationship between DMFT index [Filled Teeth (FT): OR = 3. 40, P = 0. 030,Missing Teeth (MT): OR = 2. 70, P = 0. 029,Decayed Teeth (DT): OR = 3. 42, P = 0. 001] and IBS. Moreover, the results of OHI-S showed that IBS was associated with poor oral health [OR = 2. 42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2. 04-2. 60, P = 0. 013]. CONCLUSION: Although, based on the data, it is not clear which disease was happened first, the poor oral health or IBS, patients with IBS need special attention with respect to oral health and its related behaviors.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The goal of this research was to study the rate of anxiety due to dental procedures in patients referring to dental clinics in Kerman, Iran, according to Corah’, s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and its relation with psychospiritual behaviors. METHODS: The study participants were selected from among those referring to dental offices, dental university, and city clinics and sampling was performed using simple sampling (405 individuals). The collected data were analyzed using χ,2 test and t-test in SPSS software. Multivariate regression was also used in order to study the relation between anxiety rate and psychospiritual disorders. RESULTS: The study was performed on 198 men and 207 women with an average age of 38. 5 ±,4. 2 years. Women, young men, and people with higher educational degrees had more referrals in a shorter period than men, elderly individuals, and people with lower educational level. The results of this survey demonstrated that those who had answered yes to the questions related to behavior had cancelled more of their dental appointments or had not referred. This study showed that 125 individuals (31. 0%) were anxiety free, 202 (49. 8%) had moderate anxiety, and 60 (18. 8%) had strong anxiety. There was a clear association between sex, age, educational degree, and annual referrals and anxiety rate. CONCLUSION: This study showed that gender, age, educational level, and annual number of referrals are effective factors on patient’, s anxiety rate. Moreover, there was a meaningful association between cancelled or missed appointments and depression, mood change, and avoiding the dentist.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Bacteria colonization is the main cause of periodontal diseases and may be effected by ABO blood types. Since implant survival is severely reduced by peri-implant disease, this study aimed to evaluate the marginal bone resorption levels and survival rates of implants which were followed for 1-8 years and analyze these values with respect to demographic data and blood types. METHODS: Patients who had undergone implant treatment and had prosthetic rehabilitation at the School of Dentistry in Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey, between March 2010 and March 2017 were studied in this cross-sectional retrospective study. In this study, 272 individuals were included, and a total of 963 implants were evaluated. Individuals who had implant treatment were called for control visits and clinical and radiological examinations. The effects of blood types were evaluated in terms of implant survival, failing implant, post-operative complications, and mesial-distal marginal bone resorption. Statistical analysis was performed using NCSS 2007 software. The Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance level was considered at P < 0. 05. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 49. 49 ±,11. 92 years. The blood types of the participants were O (52. 2%), A (30. 5%), B (11. 1%), and AB (6. 3%). The implant survival rate was found to be 98. 3%. There was no significant difference between blood types in terms of gender and age (P > 0. 05). On the other hand, mesial-distal bone resorption was higher in patients with O blood type older than 50 years (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The fact that 52. 2% of the patients with implants had O blood type, which is higher than the Turkish general population, may suggest that individuals with O blood type are more prone to tooth loss. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that assessed the impact of blood type on the success of dental implants.