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Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Author(s): 

KOMIJANI A. | EBRAHIMI S.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    1-26
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1839
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

This study examines the role of financial development levels in relationship between exchange rate volatility and productivity growth for 36 developing countries in 1980- 2010 period. Estimation result from dynamic panel method of GMM estimation show that the effect of exchange rate volatility on productivity growth has been negative in countries with low financial development level and positive in countries with higher financial development level. Also there is this effect for economic growth. In other word, exchange rate volatility has negative effect on economic growth in low financial development and positive effect in higher financial development level. Therefore due to unfavorable exchange rate volatility effects in countries with low financial development, movement toward a more flexible exchange rate regime requires further financial market development. Moreover, estimation results for oil exporting countries show that these countries to get riding from negative effects of exchange rate volatility need to financial development more than other developing countries.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    27-42
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1125
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Always, the issues about job-creating and elimination of unemployment, as one of the essentials of each society; was attention by the economists. In addition the unemployment as a economical, sociological, and political destructive phenomenon; is one of the main concerns of all governments in the worlds. The obviation of the phenomenon, as one of the primary tasks of governments, is part of their responsibilities. To deal with unemployment and overcome it, at first the channels that rising unemployment or cause wedge in the job market should be identified. This paper is an attempt to identify shocks that lead to creation wedge in labor market and increasing unemployment in Iran. For this purpose, time series analysis, based on VAR model and cointegration relations is used. Accordingly, the annual data over the period 1344- 1389 were used. The results show that increase in oil revenues, government’s budget deficit, and liquidity cause to creation of wedge in labor market and increase the unemployment. But increment in total capital cause the decrease in unemployment and lead to elimination of the wedge in labor market.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    43-58
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    899
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

A number of studies estimated technical efficiency of agricultural production by using stochastic frontier production functions in Iran. But the uncontrollable factors are not attention to estimation production function. When the performances of firms are considered it might be some factors cause heterogeneity of firms and difference of firm efficiency. Most of these factors are not controllable by the producer, such as rainfall, soil type, diseases and other factors. In this study, the area under cotton cultivation in any province as the heterogeneity observed in the calculation of cost-efficiency is considered. And the impact of heterogeneity on the efficiency of cotton production costs in each province was investigated by Using stochastic frontier cost function Pitt and Lee model and panel data. The results show that the normalized price of fertilizer and wage labor normalized has maximum impact on the cost of production per hectare of cotton in the country. So that everyone percent increases in the price of fertilizer and labor, 0.33 and 0.31 percent increase cost in hectare, respectively. Kerman Province with 96 percent efficiency of cotton production in the country had the highest cost efficiency. Whereas Yazd province with 70 percent efficiency had the lowest cost efficiency. The area cultivation as the heterogeneity factor has not significant effects on cost efficiency. Correct and rational use of fertilizers and mechanization development appropriate to the circumstances of each province can play an important role in reducing the cost of production.

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Author(s): 

FOTROS M.H. | BARATY J.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    59-79
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    958
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

The identification of key factors driving CO2 emissions is essential for the formulation of effective climate change mitigation policies and strategies. Transportation, as a linkage between different parts of the economy, has of more than 23 percent of the country's CO2 emissions. This study analyzes the factors affecting CO2 emissions of fossil fuel consumption in the Iranian transport sector for the period 1997-2010. For this purpose, Decomposition Analysis of Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index and Arithmetic Mean Divisia Index are employed. Factors influencing CO2 emissions are coefficient of emission, energy intensity, changes in fuel mix, mode of transportation, structural changes, per capita economic income, and population growth. Results show that economic activity, structural changes, and population growth have respectively the greatest impacts on the CO2 emissions growth in Iranian transport sector. Energy intensity has had a reductive role in CO2 emissions for the whole transportation sector. Results obtained from different decomposition methods, are in concordance.

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Author(s): 

SHAHIKITASH M.N. | HOJATI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    81-99
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    874
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In recent studies, many economists have focused on the industry and market. Policymakers in order to provide a comprehensive framework for target market need to have information about the structure of the market and the factors affecting it. The model that is presented in this research shows the behavior of selected industries. This model investigates the structure from competition to monopoly and makes a link between the consumer and the producer behavior. In this paper ten manufacturing industry in Iran with 4 degree ISIC is chosen and market power and conjectural elasticity is examined using panel data. The results suggest that the dairy and print industries with 1.3 and 1.02 respectively, have the most conjectural variation, hence the collusive behavior is shown in these industries. Also cement and beverage industries with -0.27 and 0.51 respectively, have the most competitive structure. In addition chemical and steel industry, respectively, with 5.9 and 4 have the most market power and cement and beverage industries, respectively, with 0.33 and 0.34 have the least market power among the industries surveyed.

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Author(s): 

AHMADIAN M. | VARAHRAMI V.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    101-117
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    837
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

South Pars offshore resource is the biggest gas resource of world. This offshore resource is cooperating with Ghatar and extraction from this resource is the main mean for Iran economic growth. In this paper we want to model optimal extraction path of this resource in competitive and monopoly conditions and estimate these paths. But because extraction of this resource is from the bottom of see and all of extraction and drilling process are in owner resource country which causes to environmental damages. Therefore we should improve some environmental restrictions on Investor Company, which these extractions induce Investor Company to use from some new technology in drilling and extraction process.We model environmental extraction as two scenarios and estimate optimal path of extraction and price with data 2002-2012. We do not apply environmental restrictions in estimation and apply them only in modeling. Finally we conclude that these environmental restrictions cause to improvement of optimal extraction indirectly.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    119-136
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1321
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In this study, the information content of diverse range of economic variables for Tehran house price forecast has been examined and then the performance of some forecast combination methods for this target variable has been evaluated. The results show that using the information of various variables through forecast combination techniques can improve the forecast accuracy. Among these techniques, simple combination methods are more accurate than the optimal weight methods although latter has theoretical background. Also, in general, putting more emphasis on the recent forecasts (in the discounted squared error methods) and less information aggregation (in clustering methods) can improve forecast accuracy. On the other hand, shrinking weights toward the equal weights (in shrinkage methods) can improve forecast performance through reducing estimation error.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2013
  • Volume: 

    2
  • Issue: 

    6
  • Pages: 

    135-168
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    1406
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

In investigation of effective factors on economic growth and per-capita income, in addition to investment in physical and human capital, social stability, role of government, type of political system, and population growth, “population age structure” is one of the effective and important factors absent from much of body of research. Therefore, in this paper, we study the effect of population age structure on per-capita income, with emphasis on the role of population in labor supply and human capital. Doing so, firstly we design and extract an empirical model that shows the relationship between population age structure and per-capita income according to the neoclassical growth literature, then in the next step, the model was tested experimentally. For an empirical test of the model, information available on 82 countries for the period 1982 to 2008 has been used. The results suggest that with 1-per cent increase in the share of the population under 15 years in overall population, per-capita income decreases by 1.08 per cent. With a 1-per cent increase in the share of the population 15 to 64 years and 1-per cent increase in the share of the population over 65, the per-capita income increases by 3.39 per cent and 0.34 per cent, respectively.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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