Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care
Year:2022 | Volume:30 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Non-adherence to treatment increases complications and mortality after myocardial infarction. The present study aimed to assess the effect of education and telephone follow-up on patients' adherence to the treatment regimen after myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on of 150 patients who were selected via convenience sampling method and assigned to three groups: control, intervention 1 (face-to-face training based on the training booklet), and intervention 2 (face-to-face training and follow-up telephone care). Patients in intervention group 2 were followed up by telephone for three months. Data were collected based on a questionnaire of adherence to the treatment regimen and demographic. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 21) using ANOVA, Chi-square, Fisher, and Repeated Measures ANOVA. Results: The mean score of adherence at the beginning of the study was 64. 60±, 8. 13 (P<0. 001). The mean score of adherence to treatment in all three groups was increased 1. 5 months after the intervention,nonetheless, it was higher in intervention group 1 (face-to-face training) than that in other groups (81. 69±, 5. 12) (P<0. 001). Three months after the intervention, the mean of adherence to treatment in intervention group 2 (face-to-face training and telephone follow-up) was higher than that in other groups (87. 94±, 4. 04) (P<0. 001). During the three stages, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two methods of telephone follow-up and education alone (P=0. 710). Conclusion: Education with and without telephone follow-up leads to improved adherence to treatment,therefore, one of the two educational methods can be selected to increase patients' adherence to the treatment regimen.

Background and Objective: Nowadays, medication abuse and, in general, self-medication are among the biggest socio-economic and economic problems in different societies such as Iran. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers with children under five years old about self-treatment in Ardakan villages, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 350 mothers with children under 5 years of age in Ardakan, 2020. The tool used to gather the required data was a four-part questionnaire (demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice). Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice were obtained at 5. 17±, 4. 11, 25. 08±, 8. 74, and 3. 52±, 4. 31, respectively. It was found that 58% of the mothers had poor knowledge, 51% had a poor attitude, and 62% had low self-medication practice, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean knowledge score and mothers' education level. There was also a statistically significant relationship between the variables of mean practice score and family income adequacy. The most important sources of information for mothers with children under the age of five about self-medication were the Internet and social networks, followed by family and friends (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that self-medication was very high in the study population and knowledge about the complications of self-medication in children was low, which should be considered an alarm by the authorities. The implementation of educational programs and workshops and distribution of education aids when mothers visit health centers can be effective in raising mothers' knowledge, improving their attitude, and forming the correct behavior.

Background and Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship of patient safety culture with social intelligence and psychosocial factors in the workplace among nurses working in the pediatric wards of West Guilan hospitals, Iran, in 2020. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlational cross-sectional study, 130 nurses working in the pediatric wards of West Gilan hospitals in 2020 were selected using the availability sampling method. The required data were collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, Social Intelligence Questionnaire (Silura et al., 2001), and the Psychosocial Factors Questionnaire (Christensen et al., 2005). Finally, the collected data in SPSS-23 statistical software were analyzed at both descriptive and inferential levels. Results: The results showed that patient safety culture, social intelligence, and psychosocial factors were at lower than average, higher than average, and average levels, respectively, in nurses working in the pediatric wards of West Gilan hospitals in 2020. There were significant relationships between patient safety culture and social intelligence (r=0. 756) and between patient safety culture and psychosocial factors in the workplace among the studied nurses (r=0. 878). Conclusion: Based on the findings, patient safety culture had a positive relationship with social intelligence and psychosocial factors in the workplace among nurses working in the pediatric wards of West Gilan hospitals in 2020.

Background and Objective: The stressful nature of nursing can affect the quality of nurses’,life. Mindfulness-based stress reduction can help improve the quality of their life. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based self-care education on the quality of female nurses’,life working in Afshar Hospital, Yazd, Iran. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in 2020 on 60 female nurses working in Afshar Hospital (Yazd, Iran) randomly divided into experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, mindfulness-based self-care was taught in eight two-hour sessions. On the other hand, the control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the World Health Organization’, s Quality of Life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with a significance level of 0. 05 using the SPSS software (version 19). Results: The mean quality of life score before the intervention was not significantly different (P=0. 11) between the control (69. 58±, 13. 00) and the experimental (64. 58±, 11. 41) group. After the intervention, the mean was 68. 75±, 14. 21 and 69. 58±, 09. 09 in the control and experimental group, respectively,however, the difference was not significant (P=0. 78). Regarding the dimensions of the quality of life, there was a significant difference only in the psychological dimension (P=0. 001). Conclusion: Mindfulness-based self-care education affects the psychological dimension of the nurses’,quality of life,therefore, it is suggested that programs of this kind be implemented for nurses in this field periodically to improve the quality of their life.

Background and Objective: Mammography screening as the most sensitive diagnostic test, while reducing mortality, will improve the quality of life. Training that has the ability to change perceptions and acceptance can be used in designing effective interventions to perform and perpetuate this behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of targeted education based on the transtheoretical Model on the acceptance and perception of mammography in women over 40. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 128 eligible women over 40 years of age referring to comprehensive health centers in Amol were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control (n=62 in each group). For the intervention group, four online training sessions were held using WhatsApp over a period of four weeks. Leaflets and instructional videos were provided to participants, and their questions were answered online. The control group received the same educational content after sampling. The Rakowski Stages of Change Questionnaire and the Decision Balance Questionnaire for both groups were completed before, immediately, and one month after training. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software using paired t-test, chi-square, repeated measures RM, and independent t-test. Results: The frequency percentage of the stages of change model before the intervention was not significantly different between the control and intervention groups immediately after the intervention (P=0. 022) and one month later (P=0. 008). In the intervention group, the frequency of pre-thinking stages decreased, while the stages of thinking and acting increased. The mean score of negative perception based on the decision balance questionnaire was significantly different between the two groups of control and intervention before training, immediately after training, and one month after training (P<0. 001). The mean score of positive perception based on the decision balance questionnaire demonstrated a significant difference between the control and intervention groups immediately after training and one month after training (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the use of the transtheoretical model, while increasing positive perception, improves people's performance and can be used to improve screening programs.

Background and Objective: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are one of the most common complaints of pregnant women. The present study aimed to assess the effect of counseling based on the model of continuous midwife-led care on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This two-group clinical trial study was performed on 60 pregnant women aged 8-12 weeks in 2020. Participants in the intervention group received three face-to-face counseling sessions based on the continuous midwife-led care model, while the control group received routine prenatal care. The severity of nausea and vomiting was assessed using the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) questionnaire three days before the commencement of the study and two weeks during the study. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 22) using the Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance. A p-value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the intervention group, after the midwife-led consultation, compared to before, the mean scores of nausea and vomiting, as well as the overall severity of nausea and vomiting, decreased during two weeks (P<0. 001). Although this decrease was not significant in the first week of the intervention compared to the control group (P>0. 05), the difference between the two groups in the second week of the study was significant in terms of overall severity of nausea and vomiting based on the overall score of the PUQE questionnaire (P <0. 05). Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the use of the model of continuous midwife-led care is recommended to reduce nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

Background and Objective: Stress, anxiety, and depression during pregnancy have adverse effects on both mother and baby. Stress and anxiety have been reported as high-risk factors for preeclampsia. Relaxation exercises can reduce the adverse effects of high-risk pregnancies in mothers prone to preeclampsia and improve pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 100 high-risk pregnant women referring to healthcare centers in Isfahan, Iran. The samples were randomly divided into experimental (n=46) and control (n=50) groups. Relaxation in was performed the experimental group in 16 sessions. Mean scores of stress, anxiety, and depression were measured and recorded using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by statistical tests in SPSS 16 software. Results: The mean scores of stress, anxiety, and depression were obtained at 6. 80, 4. 49, and 5. 98 in the experimental group, respectively, and 1. 20, 0. 94, and 1. 03 in the control group, respectively. The results showed that the mean scores of stress and anxiety were significantly lower after the intervention in the test group than in the control group (P<0. 05). However, the mean score of depression was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0. 05). No Neonatal significant difference was observed between the two groups in the physiological indices, including mean 1-and 5-minute Apgar scores, weight, height, and head circumference (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, relaxation reduced the level of anxiety and stress among high-risk pregnant mothers. Therefore, the implementation of this technique during pregnancy is recommended for high-risk pregnant women prone to preeclampsia.

Background and Objective: Children's learning has always been regarded as an important issue that determines the educational destiny of children in the future and can confuse teachers and parents. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the experiences of parents of students with learning disabilities in elementary schools in Lordegan, Iran, in 2020. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. The study sample included mothers of children with learning disabilities in Lordegan who were selected using the convenience sampling method. The unstructured and in-depth interviews were conducted on 12 mothers until the information saturation stage was reached. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method and identification of the main and sub-concepts. Results: The number of participants in the study was 12 (three men and nine females) and they were in the age range of 27-83 years. One of the participants was a widow and the rest were married. The initial code 1027 was obtained after Interviews in the form of 10 main concepts of parental loneliness with five sub-concepts, parental mental imbalance and aggression with six sub-concepts, feelings of failure and depression with six sub-concepts, parental involvement and follow-up with nine sub-concepts, parental effort and learning disability with 17 sub-concepts, financial problems and lack of cooperation of respective institutions with nine sub-concepts, community support with seven sub-concepts, physical and mental problems of the child with eight sub-concepts, concern for the future of the child with eight sub-concepts, and teacher influence with two sub-concepts. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, parents of children with learning disabilities feel lonely, their mental balance is disturbed, and they become aggressive and feel broken and depressed. In this regard, parents' participation and persistence, parents' efforts, the economic problems, and the lack of cooperation of the responsible institutions are quite obvious. Therefore, the parents of children with disabilities need various supports from the society and the educational system, and the necessity of all around support for these families is an inevitable reality that should not be ignored.