JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES (TABRIZ)
Year:2000 | Volume:43 | Issue:174|Papers Count:9

Dialogue and communication with other render philosophy of language. The well-known linguists and critics such as Tzvetan Todorov, Mikhail Bakhtine and Emile Benveniste have emphasized in their arguments the philosophy of dialogue and communication and have recognized it as one of the branches of science of linguistics. However, it should be noted that scientific theories of dialogue are more pratical in literature, especially in novels and plays. In this article it is attempted to discuss the application of dialogue and its mechanisms with regard to the theories of critics and linguists in literature. First, we have talked about the creation of "New Novel" movement and its characteristics. Then, we have discussed the great changes which this literary movement has created in domain of novel especially dialogue. The application of dialogue and its mechanisms in the traditional novel is more different than "New Novel". In these two current literary movements, dialogue has been studied from two points of view of from and content. In the traditional novel, the elements such as names, titles, pronouns, dash etc. play an important role in dialogue. But in "New Novel" playing with the words and complexities of language make the dialogue and its mechanisms. In brief, "New Novel" demands new dialogue.

The purpose of this paper is to study the sociological dimension of cultural invasion which correlated with the dominating and monopolyzing thought rooted in western societies. This kind of thought in association with advanced technology, specially in communication sector is the other feature of cultural imperialism domination. At the present time the military, economic and political invasion is not that much effective compare to cultural one. This kind of invasion create underemployment, unequal exchange and lack of national identity. The core concentration of this paper is to look at the historical background, the causes of cultural invasion and also its consequences upon the whole people specially the young and dynamic generation of Iranian society.

Contrary to Mathnavi and Mawlana's prose work which are didacti, and the speaker in them addresses the reader, and simile, allegory, and other literary techniques and devices are employed as a means of communicating the mystical teachings and truths, in The Ghazals the poet is heedless of the reader and careless about his needs and degree of understanding. In the Ghazals, influenced by his discernments and ecstasy, the poet expresses his excitements and experiences of love and mysticism without exerting his will and without being involved in the process of the birth and the blossoming of the poem and the formation and overflow of the words in the bed of rhythm, rhythm, rhyme and the words following it, various effectual musical factors, the imaginative aspect of the poem, and even conclusion of the ghazal. The poet's being in a trance and his lack of authority over the process of the composition and the inexpressible nature in an ordinary language of his states and experiences cause his feelings, states, and excitements to be outlined in such an expression that is impossible to understand without some knowledge of the poet's intellectuality, worldview, and states.This article attempts to postulate the prevailing features and structure of the symbolic expression and to offer an analysis by resorting to some illustrated instances in The Ghazals and the other works of Mawlana.

The Maximum daily precipitation shows the intensity of daily precipitation. In other words, maximum daily precipitation equals to the highest rates which occur in 24 hours in a monthly period. In arid and semi-arid areas (such as Iran) where the total annual rainfall may occur in a few days, the recognition of maximum daily precipitation, attracts considerable attention. The study of maximum daily precipitation in development projects, has major role in prevention of the natural hazards, as well as in promotion of agricultural activities. In this study, the maximum daily rainfall for a period of 10 years (1987-1996) is analysed. Using the ratio of maximum daily rainfall to annual amounts, the spatial distribution of maximum daily rainfall together with their dominating patterns have been studied in Northwest, West and Southwest of Iran.

British domination on Persian Gulf and discovery and exploitation of oil was a significant and fundamental factor in social changes of the region, so that the plentiful oil income, along with lack of native efficient forces, caused the attraction of foreign forces. In oil-rich countries of the Persian Gulf area, foreigners constitute between 60 to 90 percent of the labour force, and this problem is of more negative in fluence on societies which don't have an old civilization and culture such as Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emarates.

In this paper an attempt has been made to drive home the necessity of translating some selected works of persain literature into international languages, preferably English, in a bid to help the other peoples across the world learn about the rich farsi literary heritage. It is hoped that the goal, if accomplished, will provide for the common bed of understanding and empathy amid the nations through literature. Obviously, the need for verbal and intellectual interaction among different ethnic groups traces back to ancient times, which is today captured under the title of "The Dialogue among World Civilizations," the humanistic notion which has been given a fresh impetus by Dr. Mohammed Khatami, President of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the light of such an insight, the paper presents a story by S. Chubach - "The Cage" both in Farsi and English versions. The story, an artistic genre of its nature, has an implicit message which serves as a bond to join the hearts of its readers and wise them up to the obligation of working hard to ameliorate the lot of ordinary downtrodde people in this earthly world.

This article is about the verse 203 of Baghara surah. It explains a part of Haj ceremony and eventually it deals with humanization.

In astrology, Atiye is a liberality that astrologer would attribute to one of the planets so that they could defermine the life of somebody who was born. Astrologers would call the giver kadkhoda. It is the effect of kadkhoda on Hilaj that determines the quantity and quality of the life of the person; that is how long and how well he or she will live. After explaining the above-mentioned Issues, some examples of Atiye in Farsi literature are also provided and explained.

Undoubtedly, Imam khomeini was one of the few most influential personalities of contemporary age, who displayed uniquely magnificent conduct and had various flexible be havioural facets. This piece of writing is a step toward phasing in his literary work and a glance at his poems. Most of his poems are mystic ones which, as far as the style is concerned, are move often than not under the direct in fluence of Hafiz's lyrics. Imam Khomeini's poem is a reflection of his contemplations and emotions and is shaped at points of privacy and association with God.