Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal
Year:2022 | Volume:15 | Issue:11|Papers Count:7

Background and Objectives Traffic noise, as one of the noise types, is a widespread feature of the urban environments. Traffic noise exposure can lead to hearing loss, hypertension, obesity and ischemic heart diseases. Stress also has many physiological effects on the hormonal and neural function. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate different periods of traffic noise effects on the levels of adrenal stress hormones in male rats. Methods 48 male wistar rats were used in this study. They divided randomly into 6 groups,the control, short term (1 day) and long term (7, 14, 21 and 28 days) groups. Traffic sound was recorded, adjusted and played (86 dB) for animals. At the end of experiment, the animals were anesthetized and blood sample was drawn. Levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and corticosterone were measured. Statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variances and Tukey’, s post hoc test. Results Findings showed that in the 1 day group, epinephrine level decreased and in the 21 days group significantly increased. Levels of norepinephrine showed significant increase in the 14, 21 and 28 groups. In the same way, concentration of corticosterone significantly increased with increase of traffic noise time. Conclusion It seems that traffic noise exposure led to decrease of epinephrine plasma concentration in the short term while it increased all of 3 hormones in the long term. It may be due to hormonal structure, half time and stress period.

Background and Objectives The increasing demand of people and students for computer technology and the Internet has caused mental health problems and social communication in them. In this study, the relationship between Internet addiction and general health in students of Qom University of Medical Sciences has been investigated. Methods This descriptive-correlation study was performed on 321 students living in Qom dormitory of medical sciences through demographic, general health (GHQ) and Internet addiction questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS so􀅌, ware in two parts: descriptive statistics, mean, frequency, frequency percentage and inferential statistics of Pearson correlation coefficient and univariate linear regression. Results 79. 8% of students were regular users and 20. 2% of students were addicted to the Internet and no severe Internet addiction was observed. According to the general health questionnaire, 13. 1% of students had mild disorder, 66% had moderate disorder and 20. 9% had severe disorder. Pearson correlation coefficient between scales and general health in general with Internet addiction showed a significant and positive relationship at a significant level of 0. 05. In linear regression analysis, the only variable is the duration of internet connection under the same conditions in terms of other variables that predict the general health score. Conclusion There is a significant and positive relationship between public health and Internet addiction. Preventing the complications and dangers of Internet addiction is essential and requires educational, counseling, and behavioral planning among vulnerable students.

Background and Objectives The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has caused an extraordinary situation in the world since the end of 2019, which led to an unprecedented social, political and economic crisis. Currently, the most important way to deal with this pandemic is to fully comply with health protocols along with general vaccination, which is necessary to raise public awareness and change people's health and social behaviors. One of the models of health education and health promotion is the model of protection motivation, which in this study, based on this model, the preventive behaviors of women in Isfahan against coronavirus are evaluated. Methods The present study was a cross-sectional-analytical study designed and conducted in 2021 The study population included all women covered by comprehensive health centers in Isfahan in 2021 and the sample size was 300 people. The data were collected using two questionnaires. The first questionnaire included demographic information of the participants and the second questionnaire included the constructs of protection motivation theory. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS v. 20 software using Pearson correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Results Based on the findings, the correlation between perceived (inconsistent) reward structure (P = 0. 000, r =-0. 287) and perceived cost (barriers) (P =0. 000, r =-0. 466) with protection motivation (Intention) is negative, indicating that the motivation for protection decreases as the perceived reward and cost increase. Among the structures, self-efficacy had the highest correlation with protection motivation (P = 0. 000, r = 0. 664). Linear regression analysis showed that 58. 4% of the variance of protection motivation can be predicted by other structures, The role of reward, cost, self-efficacy and fear constructs are significant and cost structure has a stronger predictive role. Conclusion The findings of the present study showed that the constructs of the theory of Protection motivation can well predict the intention of individuals to observe the principles of prevention, Using this theory and its structures, effective interventions can be designed and implemented to control this epidemic. In the meantime, more attention should be paid to the cost structure. Also, based on these findings, it was found that the existing barriers to the observance of preventive principles have a significant impact on the intention of individuals to follow these principles.

Background and Objectives Some of drugs which used in chemotherapy have destructive effects on hemopoetic tissue. Cyclophosphamid is a drug for malignant cancers treatment with subversion effects on blood hemopoetic bone marrow. Medicinal plants with antioxidant effects have anti-inflammatory and protective effects on bone marrow tissue. The aim of this study is to investigate of protective effect of Calendula officinalis L. hydrethanolic extract (CHE) on boold parameters in Wistar male rats induced with cyclophosphamide. Methods In this experimental study 35 male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were divided in 5 groups(n=7): control (0. 5 ml salin normal), Cyclophosphamide (15 mg/kg), positive control 600 mg/kg, CHE), treatment 1 (Cyclophosphamide 15 mg/kg +300 mg/kg, CHE) and treatment 2 (Cyclophosphamide 15mg/kg +600 mg/kg, CHE). All injections were done interaperituneally and the experiments were done for 15 days. At the end of expriments all animals were anesthetized (ketamine hydrochlorids, 50mg/kg+xylasine hydrochloride 10 mg/kg) and blood samples and sternum bone tissue (fixed in 10% formaldehyde) were collected. All data were evaluated statistically by ANOVA and Tukey’, s method. Results The results of this study were showed that cyclophosphamide has reduce effects on blood parameters (RBC, WBC, PL, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC) compare with control group significantly. CHE can protect and inhibite of cyclophosphamide damage effects on blood hemopoetic tissue. Conclusion The use of CHE is able to protect of blood hemopoetic tissue in bone marrow and prohihite of cyclophosphamide effects.

Background and Objectives Disability and intolerance to exercise are common in heart failure and can lead to feelings of fatigue in patients and can change patients’,lifestyles,therefore, this study was performed to Evaluation of physical activity in patients with heart failure and its relationship with fatigue. Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 patients with heart failure referred to rehabilitation centers in southeastern Iran were selected by convenience sampling. Data collection tools were RAPA physical activity questionnaire and FACIT fatigue questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficient and regression. Significance was considered 0. 05. Results The results showed that the Mean±, SD of physical activity was 2. 59 ±, 1. 33 and the Mean±, SD of fatigue in the samples was 20. 27±, 6. 11 and the majority of patients had below normal physical activity and fatigue was unfavorable in the majority of them. The total score of physical activity was inversely and significantly correlated with the total score of fatigue. The results showed that 30. 6% of the changes in patients ‘, fatigue were influenced by variables of drug use, history of heart surgery and the degree of disease and they were predictors of patients’,fatigue. Conclusion The results of the present study showed that patients who were more physically active had less fatigue. Due to the fact that fatigue is very common in patients with heart failure, it is recommended to take the necessary interventions to increase patients’,knowledge and skills about physical activity, to reduce the fatigue of patients.

Background and Objectives Psychological flexibility is the main goal of acceptance and commitment treatment. However, an efficient tool is needed to measure it. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes (CompACT) Scale. Methods The statistical population of the present study included all people aged 18 to 60 years in the period from August to October 1400. The statistical sample of the study included 256 people who were selected by available sampling method through online call. In order to evaluate the convergent and divergent validity, the second version of the Acceptance and Practice Questionnaire (AAQ-II), the difficulty in emotion regulation scale (DERS-16) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale were used. The factor structure of the questionnaire was examined through confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was performed using Cronbach’, s alpha method and retesting and analyzing the data with version 25 of SPSS software and version 8. 8 of LISREL. Results The results of confirmatory factor analysis, as in the original form, confirmed three factors: Openness to Experience, Behavioral Awareness and Valued Action. Also, Cronbach’, s alpha coefficient for the whole scale is 0. 89 and for the subscales of Openness to Experience, Behavioral Awareness and Valued Action were equal to 0. 91, 0. 88, 0. 85, respectively. In addition, the four-week retest coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0. 80 and for the subscales of Openness to Experience, Behavioral Awareness and Valued Action were equal to 0. 89, 0. 78, 0. 79, respectively. Also, correlation coefficients indicated favorable convergent and discriminant validity of the questionnaire (P<0/001). Conclusion According to the obtained results, it can be said that the Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes (CompACT) Scale is a reliable and valid scale for measuring psychological flexibility.

Background and Objectives Staff stress is one of the main problems in medical centers. Stress affects the physical and mental health of medical staff. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify stressors and provide solutions to reduce it in Kashan teaching hospitals. Methods The present study is a qualitative study of content analysis in which 15 people (6 females and 9 males) of Kashan teaching hospitals They were selected by purpose-based method Sampling continued until data saturation. Examples included nurses, head nurses, facility manager, security, services, and financial, administrative, and support managers. The method of data collection was semi-structured interviews. The recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and data analysis was performed simultaneously with sampling. Results After analysis, the data were divided into 4 themes (organizational, extra-organizational, individual factors and strategies to reduce it) and 27 categories, including «providing motivational services in the organization», «no description of specific organizational tasks», «organizational culture», «organizational processes», «Ambiguous», «Discrimination in the workplace», «Job insecurity», «Economic instability», «Outbreaks», «Unfavorable weather conditions», «Instability and inefficiency of laws and regulations», «Traffic problems«, «Personality type», «Religious beliefs» and. . . was. Conclusion Due to the large number of stressors and their consequences in reducing productivity and waste of organizational resources, the necessary conditions for reducing stress in employees should be provided by managers and those involved in the health sector.