Ebnesina
Year:2015 | Volume:17 | Issue:2 (51)|Papers Count:8

Background: Triazene compounds have many applications in various fields such as anticancer drugs. In this study, we aimed to find out anti-cancerous effects of 1-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)-3-(2-ethoxyphenyl) triazene on 4T1 cell line and induced breast cancer in mice.Materials and methods: 4T1 cell line was cultured and then treated for 24h with different concentrations of new triazene compound. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. For tumor induction, we used 7-8 weeks old Balb/C mice. Then 4T1 cells were injected subcutaneously with appropriate concentration. When tumor observed, mice were randomly assigned to groups. Mice were treated with different concentration of new triazene compound. Tumor sizes in each group were compared before and after the treatment. Expression of Bax gene was analyzed by RT-PCR.Results: MTT assay results shows that IC50 for new triazene compound on 4T1 cell line in 24h was 30m Mol. Also analysis of tumor size shows a significant reduction at triazene treated groups compared with the control group. RT-PCR result shows increase in Bax gene expression at triazene treated groups compared with the control group.Conclusion: New triazene compound could reduce 4T1 cell viability invitro and also could reduce tumor size invivo. Also, it could induce apoptosis in tumor tissues by increase in Bax gene expression.

Background: Quality of work life is basically background of empowerment of human resources which has a considerable impact on job satisfaction, efforts in job, staff attraction and retention. Studies suggest that the quality of work life of nurses is low. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between individual characteristics and working conditions with quality of work life among nurses in hospitals of AJA in Tehran.Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional (descriptive-analysis) study, 322 nurses of AJA hospitals in Tehran were recruited by multi-stages random sampling method in 2012-2013. Data was collected by using the Persian version of quality of working life’s questionnaire, and then analyzed through descriptive and analytical statistics by SPSS software (version 19).Results: Finding showed significant relationship between sex, hospital employment, employment in the nursing profession in other centers, leave work, work absences, satisfaction of shifts, shift work, have a second job, marriage with some aspects of quality of work life of nurses (p<0.05).Conclusion: Given the importance of the quality of working life, it is recommended that senior managers of health fields carefully pay attention to different aspects of quality of work life and develop guidelines and strategies in this area to improve it.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be influenced by environmental and internal factors. One of environmental factors which may be effective on MS is different programs of physical exercise. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of selected exercise training on serum nitric oxide (NO) level and disease activity (EDSS) in women with relapsing remitting MS.Materials and methods: Subjects of the study included 27 women with relapsing remitting MS who participated in this study voluntarily and were randomly assigned to control (C), (N=12) or experimental groups (EX), (N=15). Subjects participated in progressive aerobic exercise on stationary bicycle at 60% to 80% of target heart rate, 3 day/week for 8 weeks. Serum NO concentrations were determined before and following 4th and 8th weeks of exercise training. EDSS and VO2max were assessed using Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale and Bruce tests respectively, before and after exercise training. To analysis data, factorial repeated measure analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used at p£0.05 significant level.Results: No significant difference was found in NO in EX group compared to C group. EDSS significantly decreased in EX group compared to C group and VO2max increased significantly after 8 weeks aerobic exercise training in EX group compared to C group.Conclusion: Physical training can be effective in improving MS through reduction of disease severity and increasing in VO2max by maintaining the balance of NO.

Background: There is a lack of research investigating about the influence of air pollution on firefighters work tasks. Then the aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of exposures to air pollution on physical fitness, respiratory volumes and some blood factors in firefighters.Materials and methods: A total of 28 healthy and working men in firefighters station in south Pars special energy economic zone (Pars Jonoubi) located in Assaluyeh with average 30.2±4.2 years, height 177.6±6.2 cm, and weight 80.82±12.5 kg were chosen as subjects. Their working schedule was 14 days being constantly at working station and seven days of rest. Hose drill, VO2max, spiro metric measurements and blood sample was taken in two stages in first and 14th days of their settlement in working station.Results: Finding showed that VO2max and FEV1 had significantly increased in 14th day in comparison with the 1st day. While the changes in FVC, Hose drill time, hemoglobin, hematocrit and WBC were not significant in day 14th comparing with 1st day.Conclusion: We concluded that initial exposure to air pollution can decrease physical fitness and respiratory volumes of firefighters that can be adapted after a few days settlement in polluted environment.

Background: Dialysis adequacy is of the main determinants of survival and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the adequacy of hemodialysis in hemodialysis patients a military hospital.Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional study, 44 patients in dialysis center were selected by convenience sampling in 2014 Demographics data using a researcher-made questionnaire and the adequacy of dialysis patients using formulas Spkt/v, URR and ekt/v was measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 statistical software.Results: The mean hemodialysis efficacy indicators that was calculated with the formula Spkt/v, URR and ekt/v was 1.08±0.3, 58.36±9.43 and 0.13±0.12, respectively. It was indicated that only 29.5% (13 patients) had a desired dialysis adequacy, 47.7% (21 patients) had adequacy of dialysis close to the desired level, and 22.7% (10 patients) had undesirable adequacy of dialysis. Only 18.2% (8 patients) had a desired URR (upper than 65%).Conclusion: The measured dialysis adequacy in this study is not desirable and in most patients is lower than the standard rate. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate periodically the adequacy of dialysis in dialysis centers and investigate the reasons of low efficacy of hemodialysis.

Background: Self-destructive behaviors like suicide and self-harm are considerably common among military personnel. These behaviors can have different causes and the purpose of present study is to investigate the role of personal and occupational factors in self-destructive behaviors.Materials and methods: Two hundred and fifteen personnel of Islamic Republic of Iran army force were randomly selected and after filling out the informed consent form, completed questionnaires. The study questionnaires include Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and Job Stress Questionnaire.Results: Results showed that income, work experience, rank and age have significant role in self-destructive behaviors, but marital status had no significant effect in these behaviors. Moreover, among the occupational factors, two component of job burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization) and job stress were significantly predictors of suicide, although these factors had no significant role in prediction of self-harm.Conclusion: Personal and occupational factors have important role in self-destructive behaviors and it can be because of stresses and tensions in military environment and unable to cope with that condition.

Background: Musculoskeletal physical training-related injuries are a major problem in military populations. Preventing training-related injuries would reduce associated human and economic costs and discharges from the army. Identification of injury rates, injury type and location and risk factors for military populations for such injuries is a crucial step toward their prevention. Thus this study reviews pertinent epidemiologic literature on musculoskeletal injury for military populations.Materials and methods: Original studies about injuries in military populations published since 1990 in peer-reviewed journals were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. This search was last performed in May 2015.Results: Injury rates during military training are high, ranging from 6 to 12 per 100 male recruits per month during basic training to as high as 30 per 100 per month. Data collected show low levels of current physical fitness, high running mileage, high amount of weekly exercise, smoking, age, and biomechanical factors are among the most important risk factors in military injuries. Also Education, prevent overtraining, agility-like training, mouth-guards, semi-rigid ankle braces, nutrient replacement, and synthetic socks were determined to be critical components of any successful injury prevention program.Conclusion: Given the size of the problem, identify risk factors for military populations are critical component for prevention.

Background: Barometric pressure changes at the depths of the sea may lead to barodontalgia, bar osinusitis and odontocrexis in divers. Furthermore, in stressful occupations such as diving, it is very important to consider some of the oral lesions including aphthae which can recur or be exacerbated by stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of these diseases in IRI divers.Materials and methods: In a case-control study, 30 IRI divers (case) and 30 IRI snipers (control) were selected. A questionnaire was prepared and approved under the supervision of three dental specialists. After clinical and paraclinical examinations, the questionnaire for each individual was carefully completed by an educated and calibrated dentist.Results: There was a significant increase among divers in the prevalence of oral aphthae lesions, temporomandibular joint disorders, stress during mission, history of systemic diseases, and drug consumption (p<0.05); however, there is no significant statistical difference between two groups in terms of the prevalence of interdental caries, calculus, recurrent caries and history of trauma to the head and neck.Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that the rate of dentofacial problems is high in IRI divers, and with respect to the importance of these occupations, it is important to seek for a solution to this problem with careful planning