Financial Economics
Year:2012 | Volume:5 | Issue:17|Papers Count:8

Economic integration has been an inevitable in recent years. One of the main aspects of integration is an increasing trade between members and neighboring countries. If it’s true, partner countries could have trade periods as similarities. This study is based on the assumption that economic integration and cooperation can increase trade volume, economic welfare and economics return to scale for members. Therefore this study evaluates the impact of bilateral agricultural trade in according to free trade agreements (FTAs). In this study, the panel data method and gravity model were used. Results indicated that Iran and Turkey take more benefits from free trade agreement; also the distance between countries has negative impact on trade volume of them.

Measuring the income inequality prepares an adequate estimation of Income distribution. In the first case, we investigate the trend of income inequality in Hamedan province and whole of country -urban and rural areas separately are checked- using of the indexes of income inequality (Gini coefficient and share of income decile) in period 1376-85. The results of investigating Gini coefficient in urban and rural areas of this Province show their averages in this period are 0.38 and 0.39 respectively. These results imply that income inequality in rural areas of this province is higher than urban areas. Also, except for 78-76 and 82-81 years, Gini coefficient in rural areas than urban areas. Comparing Gini coefficient in this period indicates that income distribution in rural areas is relatively more unequal than urban areas. Moreover, the average of Gini coefficient in urban areas of the whole country is about 0.37 and in rural areas is 0.39. Fore there more, the most inequality of income distribution is in 1378 and 1379 whereas the less inequality is in 1382 and 1383. In the second case, we investigate the effect of the minimum of wage and inflation on income distribution. The results indicate increasing of the minimum of wage has a significant effect to descend inflation. So that, decreasing the 10 percent of the minimum of wage descends Gini coefficient 0.16 percent. As well as, inflation is a main and determinant variable on income distribution. The high level of Inflation results in the high level of inequality.

The goal of this paper is evaluation of the effect of bank interest rate on fluctuation of non - performing loans (NPL) of the state bank network during the years of 1979-2008. To do this, the method of autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) is used. The results indicate that, in long term the difference between the bank facilities rate and market rate and country risk have a positive and weak significant effect on NPL of banks. GDP has a reverse and significant effect on proportion of NPL. The estimation of long term models also indicate that there is a positive and significant relation between NPL and independent variable such as the size of bank, import and oil income. Likewise for insuring that the inequilibrium in short terms incline to the equilibrium in long term by a dynamic model and in form of “Error Correction Model” (ECM), it was indicate 74% of the short term inequilibrium proportion of NPL will adjusted to long term equilibrium.

In this paper relation of stock market and money demand investigated. According to Friedman (1988) stock market has two main effects on money demand. One is positive wealth effect and other is negative substitution effect. Therefore we can investigate net effect of stock market on money demand. the econometric employad approach is Johansen-Juselius and also data are quarterly (1991Q1-2006Q4) and results show that money demand elasticity respect to stock market index is 0.046051. This means that stock market index in Iran has wealth positive effect on money demand. Therefore central bank should increase the money supply when stock market index increase.

The gradual evolution of traditional agriculture has caused the agricultural organizations to employ the more advanced economic and commerce rules of the present time. These practices require thorough knowledge of finance and Accounting. To be precise, gaining access to information such as the product producing cost is vital for the higher management to decide on its future strategies. In order to provide such data, the establishment of a suitable Product producing Cost Accounting System seems inevitable. The objective of this research is to provide an appropriate template for determining the cost of producing nuts crops (Almond & Walnut) to be employed in Cost Accounting Systems. This will provide the necessary information for the higher managements of the agricultural organizations. The material for this paper is gathered by library and field research methods by learning the stages of nuts crops (Almond & Walnut) producing, theoretical accounting fundamentals, and Cost Analysis templates of producing such products. In order to evaluate and verify the suggested findings in this research, the Delphi method is used and the results are represented to the specialists for review. A related questionnaire is also provided along with the results to collect the reviewer's opinions. This process will continue until a common and stable result is reached.

In this paper, we estimated row oil demand function based on Ordinary Least Square (OLS) during 1980 to 2010 accordance variouse sources with using Eviewe package. Based estimated parameters in demand function we simulationed prediction values of oil productin and export in two scenario. In the first scenario, (the .08 precent decrease in oil production), the export of oil will be .28 percent of oil product in 2011 level and in the seconds scenario, optimistic scenario, .04 percent decrease in oil production, the export of oil will be increased to 0.57 percent of 2011 oil product level. Other findins show that row oil in Irans economy has a low price elasticity and classified in normal goods.

The Objective of this research, Study the effect of economic growth on consumer price index in Iran from 1978 to 2008. For theoretical analysis of topic, using vector autoregressive model and Johansen-Juselius method and the research results of this method, indicate, the impact coefficient of all variables have been expected based on theoretical and coefficient for all variables are significant. The results indicate that in the long run, the economic growth has a significant negative effect and the government debt to Central Bank, liquidity of money, exchange rate, interest rate has a significant positive effect on consumer price index. Also, the results based on error correction model indicate per period, about 0.62 short run imbalances to achieve long run balance is adjusted.

This paper aims to investigate and compare the level of development (numerical taxonomy, TOPSIS method is modified principal component analysis, principal component analysis, Morris, and potential) of answering these questions: 1- Are the results of different methods to determine have significantly different degrees of development? 2- In the years 1384 to 1389 the city of South Khorasan inequality has a significant change?The 61 variables selected five indicators of data use this index in Each of the above methods, the degree of development of each of the city's southern province for the years 1384 and 1389 to determine the charges.Comparison of the results shows that the results of the six methods of Haymkhtlf determine significant development for the years 1384 and 1389, and also the disparity has declined.