Financial Economics
Year:2012 | Volume:6 | Issue:18|Papers Count:8

In this study, survey effective factors of health in Iran via estimation health production function. In this study have been supposed to effecting health via socioeconomic factors & health care & comprehensive factors & style life. morbidity index (having a set number of contagious and infectious diseases)For measuring health as output has been used. In outset for quantifying factors that influence the health have been used of the variables as per capita health expenditures & per capita income & percent married &percent urban population& the number of workers in industry & style nutrition & smoking & per capita physician & per capita nurse & hospital beds per capita & Literacy percent & Unemployment percent until identify most important effective factors. the data used in this study is panel data in 28 provinces during the years (1380-1385). The function estimation result showed that the increase health spending per capita on improving the country health status wil have unmeaning impact but the increase per capita income and also increase per capita physician & percent married and style nutrition improvement will have positive impact on improving the health status in Iran. Meanwhile married production percent and style nutrition have most positive effect in health.

One of the specifications of developed countries is that they have efficient Capital markets and well organized institutions which are not only having an important designation in the economics of different countries but also, they create basis of economic growth and development of those countries. Whereas most of developing countries have started absorbing participation and investment of foreign countries in fundamental and producing activities for compensating lack of investment and financial resources which are needed in development process.For years, foreign investment has been one of the most important topics in international economy and it made us to have comparative researches in absorbing foreign investment and the effects of it in improving of selected countries economy. The present research is a comparative study between Iran and selected countries (Malaysia, Turkey, Pakistan, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Kazakhstan, South Africa, India, Brazil, Mexico, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain) based on financial and economic information which was studied from 2001 to 2010.The used method in this research is the Russell Calderon model of effective factors on efficiency and development of investment market in mentioned countries. Findings show positive effect of economic growth, cash flow rate in market, foreign investment, political, economic and financial compound risk indicator and negative effect of freedom of financial markets on market investment indicator.

An adequate supply of infrastructure services has long been considered essential for economic development by both academics and policymakers. The question that this paper addresses is What is the link between physical infrastructure and income inequality? To achieve this goal we reviews theoretical and empirical literature on the effects of infrastructure development on income distribution.The conventional wisdom is physical infrastructure in the form of paved roads, railways, telephone lines, energy generating equipment and others, are important in linking poor, rural and other underdeveloped and peripheral regions with areas of core economic activity, as it is believed that infrastructure development allows access to additional productive opportunities. In this context, it is believed that physical infrastructure development can help improve the distribution of income as impact is expected to be larger in poorer areas than in richer ones.

For the sake of the present study, in order to analyze the relationship between the insurance development as a mediating financial institute and the economic growth of Iran and the chosen countries from MENA i.e. Algeria,Bahrain,Turkey,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Egypt,Morroco,Oman,Qatar,SaudiArabia, Tansia, UAE, Cyprus, Malta, Israel in the period between "1997-2010", a descriptive analysis method has been used as the main research methodology. Using econometrics based on deduction analysis and panel data model, a review of the chosen countries having financial markets is given as well as an analysis of the position of insurance in the capital market and its role in the economic growth of these countries.The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between the aforementioned variables and the economic growth in the given period among the chosen countries. Among of the variables under study the most effective on the economic growth is for employment Index as one percent increase in employment index had a 0.34 percent increase in the economic growth. Also one percent increase in capital stock had a 0.08 percent increase in the economic growth. And too, they also indicate that the theoretical framework and the research hypotheses were approved: one percent increase in total premium had a 0.23 percent increase in the economic growth. In other words insurance had a positive effect on the economic growth on MENA; the effect of insurance on economic growth has been considerable. And the importance of extend insurance can be explained.

In existing Global conditions and considering communication technology developments, tourism as a phenomenon with wide currencies income has such significant importance that is known as industry.As Iran is extremely dependant to Oil Industry incomes, tourism can be a good savior since the graces and capabilities in Iran are so extensive that even many of Iranians have not explored them.The objective of the study is to introduce tourism capabilities of west Azarbaijan province and to identify affecting factors on tourism in west Azarbaijan province. We assume that the increase of investment and revenue has positive effect on number of tourists. To review the effective variables for tourism we proposed a model shows that the increase of investment with two gap periods, increase of tourists in previous period, growth of income per capita and reduction of prices has positive effect on increase of tourists.

Basically any economic activity is associated with the degree of risk. Profitability or survival of an economic entity depends on several factors some of them are inside, some are outside the control of the firm. This study tries to find the effect of uncertainty on macro economic variables (inflation and exchange rates) on cred it risk of tejarat bank legal customers. For this purpose, the effect of they, in the years 1384to1390 were examined. for proof no Autocorrelation between there residues for the model is used test Free GadBryvsh The test (ARCH)is used to prove the existence of non-homogeneous conditional variance. And The test (EGARCH-ARIMA) to measure the real exchange rate and inflation uncertainty is used. Finally, the model is estimated by generalized pattern of moments (GMM), the result was that the Effects of inflation and exchange rate uncertainty on tejarat credit risk is positive and significant.

The main aim of this article is to survey the effect of inflation on economic growth in the selection of the Islamic conference member countries during 1991-2009. we introduce non-linearity in our model is to include the squared term on inflation as an explanatory variable. This enables us to observe turning points in the relationship between inflation-growth. The empirical evidence demonstrates that there exists a statistically significant negative relationship between inflation and economic growth. The estimated turning points in equation are 9.5 percent.

Stabilization programs of the IMF have been often underlying the reduction of the government's economic interference in the domestic and foreign markets through reduction in government expenditure, subsidies and increase in taxes. In this research, it was evaluated the performance changing process and combination of the government’s budget and fiscal variables in middle-term and long-term. The results of research showed the government has achieved relative successes in improving tax incomes status among resources of financing its own expenditures in second and fourth 5-years development plan. In the long-term viewpoint and sum of four plans, the performances and objectives of budget public uses and resources have been coordinate together; but its realized intensity was to the extent that made difficult the achieving stabilization plans objectives in different expected periods.