Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
Year:2022 | Volume:28 | Issue:2|Papers Count:5

Objectives This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on pain intensity, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic pain via randomized clinical trials. Methods The study population consisted of all patients with chronic pain referred to Imam Reza Hospital. Of these patients, 50 cases who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental (n=25) or control groups (n=25). After selecting the patients and randomly assigning them to the two groups, the research questionnaires were completed by the patients before and after the treatment. After obtaining a written consent letter from the research participants, the experimental group received MBSR therapy (8 weekly sessions) while the control group did not receive any intervention. The questionnaires included the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), the World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL) (WHOQOL-BREF), the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the Beck depression inventory-2 edition (BDIII). To comply with the ethical principles, after the end of the study, MBSR therapy was administered to the control group as well. The data were analyzed via analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of covariance in the SPSS software, v. 19. nd Results The results of the analysis showed that MBSR therapy reduces pain severity, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic pain (P<0. 05). The findings also showed that MBSR therapy improves the QoL of patients with chronic pain (P<0. 05). Conclusion Along with the common medications for chronic pain, MBSR therapy can be used to improve the QoL and reduce the severity of pain, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic pain.

Objectives The formulation of emotion-focused and compassion-focused behavioral intervention therapy can explain the relationship between the dimensions of problems and the health promotion of patients with headache symptoms and present the first combined treatment for emotional problems and the sedation of the nervous system to investigate and comprehensively prevent the symptoms of primary headaches. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The sample consisted of 45 patients with primary headache symptoms who were referred to the neurology clinic of Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital in Tehran City, Iran. They were selected by the purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (15 people in each group). The experimental groups underwent a combination of compassion-based emotion therapy (ten 60-min sessions) and compassion-focused treatment (eight 60-min sessions). The control group received no intervention. After collecting the data, they were entered into the SPSS software, version 24. Descriptive statistical indices (mean and standard deviation) and statistical inference (repeated measures analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test) were used to analyze the data. Results The findings showed that the quality of life (QoL) variable is not significant because of the noncompliance with the spheric default in the intragroup effect and time factor (F=3. 47, df=1. 15, and P<0. 05),However, the interaction of the factor of time and group (F= 8. 25, df= 2. 31, and P<0. 01) shows a significant difference (P<0. 01) in the QoL variable between pre-test, post-test, and follow-up and time interaction with the group (between the three groups). Conclusion Compassion-based emotion-based combination therapy packages can help control the current situation and subsequent decisions of patients in the face of the signs and symptoms of early headaches by creating a calm mental environment and relieving any pressure or stress. Therefore, compassion-based emotion-based combination therapy is a treatment option that can be used to increase the QoL of people with primary headaches.

Objectives This study aims to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological flexibility and psychological distress in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods This was an experimental study with pre-test-post-test, follow-up, and control group design. The statistical population included all multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, who were a member of the Khuzestan MS Society. From this population, 50 patients were selected by the simple random sampling method. Then, 32 patients were randomly selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups, namely the control group (n=16) and the experimental group (n=16). The experimental group was randomly divided into two groups of 8 patients. The experimental group received ten 90-min sessions of compassion-focused ACT. The participants answered the open and engaged state questionnaire and psychological distress scale. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in the SPSS software, v. 24. Results The results of MANCOVA showed a significant difference between the experimental and the control group in psychological flexibility and psychological distress in the posttest and follow-up stages. Conclusion The compassion-focused ACT is effective in increasing psychological flexibility and reducing psychological distress in patients with MS.

Objectives It is highly important to identify the factors related to the general quality of life of parents, especially mothers of children with autism. Therefore, the present study aims to predict parenting stress based on mindfulness and meta-parenting considering the mediating role of parental self-efficacy of mothers of children with autism. Methods The present correlational study was conducted using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The study population included all mothers of 2-to 14-year-old children with autism referring to the therapeutic clinics in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Of this population, a total of 250 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling method and then responded to the parenting stress (PSI-SF), mindfulness (MAAS), meta-parenting (M-PQ), and parental self-efficacy (PSAM) questionnaires. The data were analyzed via the SEM method in the AMOS 21. 0 software. Results The total path coefficient between mindfulness (P < 0. 01, β,=-0. 671), meta-parenting (P < 0. 01, β,=-0. 256), and parental self-efficacy (P < 0. 01, β,=-0. 352), and parenting stress was negative and significant. Also, the indirect path coefficient between parenting stress and mindfulness (P < 0. 01, β,=-0. 153) and meta-parenting (P < 0. 01, β,=-0. 116) was negative and significant at the level of 0. 01. Moreover, the squared multiple correlation coefficient (R2 ) for the parenting stress variable was obtained at 0. 63. Conclusion Mindfulness and meta-parenting can predict parenting stress in mothers of children with autism both directly and with the intermediation of parental self-efficacy. Therefore, to develop interventions for preventing high levels of parenting stress, it is necessary to utilize the findings to improve parents’,parent-child relationships.

Objectives Given the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse effects on social psychological health, especially nurses, psychological empowerment of nurses can increase their psychological security and improve their clinical performance during critical situations. This study aims to investigate the relationship between nurses’,psychology capital and their clinical performance, with a focus on the intermediary role of psychological security while facing COVID-19 patients. Methods This was a descriptive-analytical study. A total of 100 nurses (from 114 nurses) employed in the COVID-19 section of Amir-Al-Momenin Hospital in Arak City, Iran, were selected via the convenience sampling method. The data collection was done using three questionnaires: Luthan’, s psychological capital questionnaire, perceived psychological questionnaire, and evidence-based questionnaire. To analyze the data and confirm the fitness of the tools, we used the confirmatory factor analysis with partial least square via the Smart PLS3 software Results The findings indicated significant relationships based on the theoretical model among the studied variables. The standard β,for the relationship between psychological capital and clinical performance decreased from 0. 684 to 0. 507 which given its statistical significance shows the insignificant intermediary role of psychological security. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that nurses who benefit from higher psychological capital are more aware of their psychological capabilities. The positive effects of this awareness lead to better performance in challenging and critical situations.