Journal of Regional Planning
Year:2013 | Volume:3 | Issue:11|Papers Count:8

One of the main goals of the land use planning and the development of strategic plans of the country focuses on the expansion of industrial activities in the geographical space and regional specialization for the formation of spatial division of labor. However in reality, land use planning of the country has not achieved to its goal yet. Concentrated and skewed distribution of industrial activities in some regions becomes one of the major challenges of Iran policy makers. By considering the significance of this study, this research seeks to answer this question whether there is a meaningful relationship between regional specialization and industrial concentration or not. By this way, this paper wants to consider increasing spatial concentration and specialization industrial centers of industrial activities in Iran during the decade of 1997-2006. It provides the patterns of (de) concentration and specialization of industries in different provinces and their changes during 10 years by considering government policies. This analytic-quantitative study is a practical research in terms of its aim and its method. The data collection is based on the employment and value-added of manufacturing industries with 2-digit code from industrial firms' census that was done by 10 people during the decade of 1997-2006. In order to test the hypothesis of this research, some methods such as Gini index, scale economies index, economical geography index and location quotient were used. The findings of this research show that the average of spatial industrial concentration has increased about 20 percent during 10 years. It means that the manufacturing industries tend to become regionally concentrated. This industrial concentration has mainly taken placed in the developed provinces such as Tehran and Isfahan and moving forward to less developed provinces for instance, Khorasan and Khuzestan. Finally, the results show that there is a significant relationship between regional concentration and spatial industrial concentration in Iran, and the concentrated provinces becoming specialized in those industries as well.

Recognizing the present status of regions in terms of developmental indexes and comparing them with each other is regarded as the first step in regional planning, creating balance and providing social justice. The purpose of this paper is to determine the degree of development and regional inequality in the towns of Hamadan province. On the other hand, it also makes an attempt to analyze the regional disparities. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The 39 indexes under investigation are consisted of health-medical, educational, social-cultural, economical, industrial development, underlying and infrastructure indicators. In order to determine the degree of the development of each town, the numerical taxonomy, Morris method along with standardized score were used. For data analyzing SPSS and Excel software were used, and for drawing the map of facilities level for each town Arc GIS 10 was used. The results of three methods revealed that Hamadan was the most developed town and Kaboudar Ahang was the least developed town based on standardized score and Morris technique. Additionally, Famnin was the least developed town based on taxonomy technique. At last, all the towns were classified into three homogeneous groups by using cluster analysis technique. The results of this study revealed that core-periphery pattern governs the spatial structure of this province, which indicates the necessity of paying close attention to regional planning.

On one hand, expanding of social relationships and extremely distinguishable social roles in new societies and on the other hand, transferring and movement of most families and local communities roles to social group and institutions have been caused trust to become one of the essentials factor of modern society life to make establishment of social cooperation and development of social institutions. The present research investigates the rate of trust among Tehran citizens to urban management and also considers effective factors on it.This Research has been conducted as a survey method and its statistical population includes the citizens of 3,7 and 19 districts of Tehran. Sampling of statistical population has been done according to random and cluster sampling method appropriating to the population size. The number of statistical sample size has been calculated by using kochran formula that determined 384 people with regard to statistical population. Questionnaire was distributed among participation as research instrument for data collection that its validity and reliability has been estimated. Research findings show that the rate of interpersonal trust of the majority of the respondents to municipality agents is low, the institutional trust rate of citizens on urban management is average and the rate of total trust of the majority of the respondents on urban management is below average. Also among independent variables, performance variable (with the highest effectiveness), accountability variable and organizational transparency variable generally could clarify and explain trust dependent variable up to 59%.

In fact, facilitation is a way that can easy to simplify and accelerate the process or event that is generally done through activities and social mechanisms. Hence, recently offices have been established in the old urban context those are called facilitating offices. Their main task is to communicate with the residents of deteriorated fabric in order to introduce incentives, available facilities and exemptions, problem solving in context of renovation and integration of buildings. Subsequently, this study tried to consider some of the activities that had been carried out by the facilitating and deteriorated fabric office in the 9th region of Tehran. Statistics indicated that before foundation of renewal offices, the renewal process had been done completely spontaneously without coherent and comprehensive plan with low efficiency. Establishment renewal offices have been able to fill the gap between macro urban management and people by eliminating the administrative bureaucracy. Finally, they can achieve considerable success in the renovation of old texture by giving facilitation and informing. The results show that 2,419 new housing units, 521 building permit, 447 aggregate plaques and approximately 114,372 sq. have been renovated by establishment of modernization agencies. It should be mentioned that, from social and economic aspects, four production cooperatives with 2,000 members have been founded in order to make income and reduce unemployment and social problems of the area.

The urban rural linkages are determined by a set of flows. These flows include flows of people, technology, capital, resources and information. Due to development planning, small towns and rural areas have been considered from the 1970s. By considering the significance place of villages and towns in the hierarchical order, this study considered limitations from positive and negative aspects that covered districts and villages. This research from different aspects such as application, the degree of control, supervision of the field and the nature is descriptive - analytical. The population of this research is from villages located in the Zarine district. According to the 1390 census, this district has the population of 15160 that consisted of 28 residential villages and 3946 households. Based on Cochran formula, the sample size of 245 households was needed to complete the questionnaire. For providing the principle of equal opportunity for all households, random sampling method was used at the village level to complete the questionnaire. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (one-sample T-test) was used. The results show that most of the rural-urban and rural communities were considered on the social dimension not on the regional balancing in the study.

Among the multi-dimensions of sustainable development, social sustainability, as one of the dimensions of sustainable development, is in line with the qualitative aspects of human life. It is based on concepts such as prediction, equity driven, participation, empowerment, equal access, promotion of cultural identity and emphasis on institutional stability. Theoretical framework of sustainability shows that any planning based on the sustainable development requires a comprehensive and holistic picture all aspects of development in the study area. The aim of this study was to assess and prioritize social sustainability within the villages of North Khaveh district from central division of Delfan city that is located in Lorestan province .The research method of this study is descriptive-analytic. Multi-criteria decision based on VIKOR model and the analytical methods were used for ranking 10 villages. Finally, in this model, the value of Q represents the final ranking of each village from total of 11 indicators. In order to achieve the purpose of research multi-criteria decision-making methods, Analytic models (VIKOR and AHP) use to rank 10 villages and 150 households in the Khavh village located in the north central of Delfan city. Subjective indicators and models used to explain the facts of the sample villages society. Subsequently, the results of the research show that the villages such as Kafraj, Sarab Ghazanfar and Iranshahi have the highest social stability and villages such as Sorkhanjub, Azizabad and Nor Mohammad Zamane have lowest social stability among the sample rural areas. Also, obtained Q mean was equal to 0.520 in 10 studied villages, indicating that the overall social stability in North Khavh rural is lower than average. This study proposed 11 objective indicators for social sustainability such as social participation, social interaction, social solidarity, social responsibility, job satisfaction, accessibility to services (quantity and quality), social trust, luck sense, future expectancy to the, etc. These are pragmatic and practical factors that should be placed at the center of planning and community development. It should be mentioned that some essential arrangements were done for gathering data and measuring indicators via questionnaire in 10 rural with 150 rural households. Therefore, in order to improve social sustainability in North Khaveh rural procedures such as equitable distribution of resources, adequate social services for all individuals particularly in education and health sectors, omitting social and gender discrimination, Promoting political responsibility and community Involvement should be placed at the center of planning and community development.

The Ravand river drainage basin area with 2297 km2 is located in the southwest of Kermanshah province. Sometimes due to heavy and short-term precipitation, there is a risk of flooding and river flooding in this region. Survey of precipitation statistic of two rain gauge and synoptic stations and one hydrometric station during the period 1368-1384 showed that parameters such as time of precipitation, precipitation type, heavy and short-term precipitation and 24 hours precipitation can cause flooding in the region. With regard to Mediterranean climate of this basin area with 70 percent of annual precipitations, it should be mentioned that heavy rainfall in this study area is consistent with the precipitation so that in any year exceed the amount of rainfall has also increased as a result of heavy rainfall. Also, in this area 64.66 percent of the annual precipitation is more than 1 mm, 30.67 percent of precipitation is more than 10 mm and 4.66 percent of precipitation is more than 30 mm. This study will try to know what relationship there is between the amount of precipitation and number of raining days and how it changes. Do these changes whether any effect on flooding or not? After preparing the data, maps and required information from related organizations, the necessary operations were performed on them by using the software, Minitab, Smada, Gis and Spss. Return periods, process and forecasts of precipitation and debit were studied for ten years. The results show that study area is getting low rainfall but rainfall intensity is greater. Furthermore, the human and natural factors are affected flooding rising.

Due to the importance of the tourism industry, in addition to cultural, socio-political factors, also environmental factors play an important role in tourism developing and tourists attracting. Climate change may affect in selection of interested places by tourists. Uremia Lake is one of the rare phenomena in the world and its high potential provides a successful model of sustainable tourism. In this study, we assessed the potential impacts of climate change on tourist towns which locating in lake by using descriptive- analytical methods that it successfully improves the process of tourism planning. Consequently, the process of tourism planning will directly and indirectly be improved tourism and economical dimensions of this region. In order to prioritize the studied cities TOPSIS technique has been used. TOPSIS algorithm is a powerful multi-criteria technique to prioritize all of the options that are similar to the ideal answer. Results show that following the environmental crisis and recession lake water has been decreased the attractiveness of tourist interest in the current area and the priorities of tourist places were shifted to the southern areas of the Uremia lake such as Bookan, Takab and Shahin-Dejh respectively.