Journal of Regional Planning
Year:2016 | Volume:6 | Issue:21|Papers Count:16

High concentration and imbalance in the geographical areas are noticeable characteristics of third world countries which is the result of polarized development policies. As a result of this policy, Limited number of areas play a key role while other marginal areas have unimportant functions. In order to establish balance and organize homogenic and appropriate spaces, the issue of regional planning has been discussed. The first step in regional planning is the recognition of socio-economic and cultural misbalances between different areas. Establishment of balance and homogeneity in all urban systems and structures between the cities of Lorestan is one of the obvious aim of this study. We have studied 15 different variables in the form of 4 indicators (health, agriculture, education, population and activity) among 9 cities by using misbalanced Morris indicator to evaluat each city and determined the level of its development in comparison with the development of whole province. Results after ranking the cities based on Lack of coordinated distribution facilities and services, show that Khoram-Abad and Borujerd have the first place among other counties respecting prosperity of all facilities and services; and Poldokhtar and kohdasht are placed in the last place. Environmental facilities, proximity, developmental issues, industrial restricts play an important role in the province's prosperity levels in province's counties.

Presenting optimal services to tourists is one of the basic pillars in the area of absorption and satisfaction of tourists. The needed to avoid adverse consequence to achieve the optimal development of tourism and access to the optimal model of developing the touristic destination is the optimal access of tourists to tourism facilities and services. The variables of this descriptive - practical research are consisted of 19 indicators of tourism services. The goal of the present research is to zoning tourist center of Fars Province in order to determine the optimal regions of tourism services. In the beginning, the research standards were obtained through Delphi model and then AHP and COPRAS (as the multi-variable decision making models), the optimal zone of tourism services were ranked and finally were divided into ultra-development and infra-development levels. The results of the research indicate that there is an imbalanced and unsuitable distribution of tourism services for tourism absorbtion. Also, the areas such as central part of Shiraz, Abadeh, Fasa and Neiriz which have greater potential viewpoint for tourism attractions need greater tourism services. Furthermore, planners and authorities should show special attention to these regions and put these regions in the priority list of developmental program. On the other hand, the areas of South and South West of the province such as Mahmaleh, Khesht, Afzar, Poshtkooh should be placed in the last priority of development program due to warm and dry weather and less number of tourism attraction.

Create sustainable and comprehensive development of alternative new sources of revenue is required to take advantage of its potentiality. Tourism in the geographic territory of Iran can develop vision of regional planning. So, the knowledge of Attraction (memorial and nature) and evaluation of tourism infrastructure (accommodation, catering, transport and communication) is the base of tourism and promote development of regional activity, especially in less developed regions. In this regard, the aim of this paper is the identification and evaluation of tourism attractions and infrastructure as a factor of regional development in Khuzestan province. This descriptive-analytical research is used the existing database library for collecting its data. The qualitative and quantitative method of data analysis based on FAHP method combines modeling and spatial analysis in GIS. The Spatial analysis has shown that Ahvaz has maximum capacity for regional development. Abadan and Mahshahr are respectively identified as high and less developed cities in terms of tourism potential impact on regional development. There are religious tourist attractions and historical attractions worth 0/19 and cultural attractions and monuments worth 0/16 will have the highest weight value.

Industry, not only as a conventional path for development but also as a result of globalization, can be an effective accelerator for development. In this regard, today, the industry has led to the dynamism and vitality of the economies of many regions of the world. We should be considered the speedy development and its application can lead to more negative consequences. This study aims to provide future industrial development strategy in Yazd province by an analysis study of the current situation of industry in the province. This study is based on this question: What are the most important industrial development strategies? In this regard, firstly identification of potential sources of Yazd province is important. Secondly, try to explain a model for developing strategies. Finally, using proposed basic strategies in order to achieve the desired goals. Data of this applied research were collected from documentary, survey and they were interpreted in an analytical-descriptive method. SOAR analysis technique and Ansoff matrix is usd to formulate development strategy and describe the strengths, opportunities, aspirations and measurable results. Statistical population was selected from officials, experts, industrialists, activists in the industrial sector and relevant to industry officials that about 215 people. The sample size, selected by using Cochran formula and cluster method, was 130 people that all the population ages 18 and older. The results showed that the combination of two techniques Ansoff matrix and SOAR ultimately will be more reasonable and realistic strategies. In this regard, it is hoped in future years, Yazd Province in this area has a more diversified industrial products and also reach to new markets because its diversifying crop production and lack of dependence on single-product economy is one of the important components of resiliency areas.

The undesirable phenomenon of the dust storm is one of the natural disasters, which influences Ilam province due to its geographical location and adjacency to the large areas of desert. The study was performed after collecting 40 dust systems, and divided them into two cold and warm periods of the year, during the period 2000-2010, using geo-potential height maps of level 500, and sea level pressure, the wind vector maps, speed lines, and omega maps at 700 hPa level, ranging from 15 to 45 degrees North and 20 to 65 degrees East. In addition, to evaluate the situation in the upper atmosphere, by referring to the University of Wyoming weather database, Radiosonde data were received for days with dust storms in the Southwestern stations of Iran. Furthermore, by using software RAOB and SKEW-T diagrams, the data were drawn and analyzed daily. To study the stability and instability of the atmosphere, LI, SI, CAPE, and TT indices were used. Dust enhancement on MODIS images was performed using the features of the brightness temperature and Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). The results indicated that during the cold era of the year, migratory systems of the west winds, and the along polar jet stream, and in the warm period of the year, the thermal low pressures of the earth surface are the most important factors in creating and shaping the phenomena of dust in Ilam province. When a deep landing occurs in the west part of the study area on the deserts of the adjacent countries, and the wind velocity reaches the jet stream speed, having the proper environmental conditions, by creating instability in the earth surface, they cause dust and its movement towards the province. During the warm era of the year, the thermal low pressures of the earth surface, and particularly low pressure of the Persian Gulf, by sucking the air of the surrounding desert (Arabian Peninsula) is an important cause of dust. The paths of dust waves, the deployment of the landing axis, the low pressure of the earth surface, and the used satellite images indicated that the most important sources of the entering dust to the province of Ilam are the Southern deserts of Iraq, northern deserts of Saudi Arabia, Southern deserts of Syria, and to some extend the Northern of the Sahara Desert.

Since from preparation and implementation of the first pilot project (Life-giving) passed over 20 years Reviews of the preparation and implementation shows that this plan can provide the necessary background for the fulfillment of physical development in rural areas and have positive effects. On the other hand design and implementation process is faced with challenges and difficulties. The purpose of this study is to clarify the physical effects of the implementation of the rural pilot projects in north of Ardebil province. The purpose of this study is clarify the socio - cultural effects of rural pilot projects implementation in north of Ardebil province. Research method is analytical – descriptive and main part data were collected using field method as observation, interviews and completing questionnaire. From 58 villages that pilot project was implemented, 17 villages were selected and studied through stratified random sampling. Number of households in the studied villages is equal to N=2294. Sample size were estimated equals to (s=303) households using Greasy-Morgan table. Through random sampling method, questionnaire distributed among villages residents and then was collected. The data after extraction using SPSS software were checked and analyzed and then interpreted. Through random sampling method, questionnaire distributed among villages residents and then was collected. The data after extraction using SPSS software were checked and analyzed and then interpreted. And univariate regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. It can be noted that the implementation of Rural Physical factors influenced the introduction of Rural predicted all the physical components, and significant relationships exist between them.

One of the basic problems of the rural community has been the lack of a strategic plan for the organization of spaces and rural centers in the past. Today, it is measured depends on organizing rural development and equipping hierarchy of centers and spaces are certain standards. The concern of development programs is placed in the second, third, and fourth of the society. In this regard, setting and forming a hierarchy of rural settlements that can be an effective framework for the distribution of population, services and functions is essential. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and village ranking of central part of Shiraz regarded as development level. This descriptive-analytic study is used statistical documential and geography models to analyze the problems of the rural community. Data collection method in this research is library documentation. To do this research, Data of this study were collected by using documentary such as referring to the Fars library and Iran Statistical Center for this study. Then, the selected villages were ranked in three levels of developed, developing and underdeveloped by using 24 variables in the form of 8 different indicators, centrality analysis methods and clustering analysis. The results of this study showed that most of the villages in the central part of Shiraz are located in 3 clusters of development level: 72.54 undeveloped, 24.52 developing and 2.94 developed.

Nowadays, travel demand management is considered as one of the strategies to achieve sustainable urban transport. Comprehensiveness of this issue in different metropolises in the world and trying of researchers with different approaches to this issue, led to development of different strategies and models for the evolution of this approach. In this regard, the aim of this study is to review and provide a computational model for received tolls from individual vehicles users in Tehran metropolis, which is one of the travel demand management solutions. The main question in this study is whether the receiving of tolls and progressive tolls from private cars based on the variables in this study that cause to reduction of fuel consumption, can help to limit the use of individual vehicles and increase use of public transport? This descriptive-analytical study is done in the three stages: documental studies, field data and data analysis in two ways of field and library resources. Statistical population of this study is Tehran metropolis. In the analysis, to determine tolls, three variables were considered including "Vehicle Kind (k)", "Age of the Vehicle (A)" and "the Long mileage (L)" based on the tax base (TB2) on annual basis. Findings and results showed that these three variables for receive the tolls by applying the final car tolls, TF=f (k, A, L), lead to reduce use of private vehicles and increase the desirability use of public transport as an alternative option. Finally, with using the S.W.O.T technique, evaluate to strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for perform of the strategies in proposed model in the Tehran metropolis.

Today allocation and distribution of credits in urban areas especially in Metropolises has become a serious socio-economic issue. So, it has been part of the inequalities in different aspects of social, economic, political, and overall areas underdevelopment affected by the unfair distribution of credits. This study was conducted to assess, evaluate and compare 22 districts of Tehran metropolis in terms of the relationship between the development, the amount of funds and focused resources on each region in order to distributive justice. Therefore, this research in terms of target is applied research and based on a nature is descriptive – analytical research. The geographical area of the study is Tehran metropolitan and its Statistical population is 22-fold regions of Tehran Metropolis. The sample for this study by nature of subject and volume of the low number of statistical population was considered the 22 the region. Technique for data collection has been a library study. In order to ranking of regions based on indicators of development (indicators of land use, and urban economic and services elements) is used TOPSIS model. Also statistical methods such as ordinal bivariate correlation coefficients including gamma and cross table is used to indicate the type and how the relationship between the variables. Also analysis software such as EXCEL, SPSS, GIS are used in this regard. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between development level and the amount of credit among the 22 regions of metropolitan Tehran. So, developed areas allocate their more funds than developing or underdeveloped areas. But, this is incompatible with distributive justice and in fact the situation in 22 districts of Tehran metropolis is not satisfactory in this respect and in line justice. Therefore, credit and focused financial resources as a major parameters could have a significant role in 22 regions of metropolitan development.

The main purpose of this study was investigate the role of women's home-businesses and their economic empowerment in decision-making. The required data for this study has been developed by using questionnaire technique as survey method. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained 87 precent based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Population samples of this research were 161 rural womens which were selected according to Cochran's formula (N=265). The results showed that 73.9 percent of women had high economic empowerment and only 12.4 percent of women were poor. Totally of 71 precent of cases, the decision-making power was good or excellent, and only about 7.5 percent have poor decision-making power. The results also showed the significant relationship between economic empowerment and some independent factors like education and type of home-business. Finally due to the impact of home-based businesses on economic empowerment in decision-making, it is recommended to develop rural women home business. Also it is recommended to identify successful and effective home-based businesses and use their experience in developing rural home business.

When a natural disaster hits, the affected households try to cope with its impacts. A variety of coping strategies, from reducing current consumption to disposing of productive assets, may be employed. According to Iran's potential for drought occurrence and the negative consequences of this phenomenon on the rural community development, cognitive mechanisms of the local communities in dealing with drought is the primary objective of this crisis. Considering to importance of the issue, the purpose of this study was to identify and analysis of farmers’ behaviour and environmental attitudes in dealing with drought among 335 farmers in Kermanshah township that by using the Table Krejcie, Morgan, and Two-stage cluster sampling method were selected a sample. The present study is Descriptive-correlation and data were gathered through questionnaire that its validity was confirmed with comments given by experienced experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha test (72≥a≥85). The results showed that five variables; environmental attitudes, strategy, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and agricultural work experience could explain 51.9 percent of total variances of farmers behavior. Also The results of path analysis showed that three variables; environmental attitudes, subjective norm and the strategy, respectively, with the total impact 0.400, 0.344 and 0.292, aret the most important factors in determining the farmers’ behaviour in dealing with drought and three variables; perceived behavioral control, age and agricultural work experience, respectively, with the total impact 0.169, 0.051 and -0.172 had minimal effect on farmers' behavior.

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of drought on Darab city in the period of instability in rural settlement during 1376-1390. Data gathering has been performed by two methods of questionnaire and library documents. In the documents, required meteorological data have been prepared from the general administration of meteorological data and products from agricultural organization of Fars province. Product data have been provided by jahad keshavarzi organization. To determine drought occurrence, gathered data have been analyzed by using SIAP and PNPI scales. Then in a field study to analyze the effects of drought on instability in rural settlement of villagers, the design and completed a questionnaires from 140 inhabited villages was done. The gathered information have been analyzed through the questionnaire to confirm or reject hypotheses. Research findings show that drought and decrease in precipitation has decreased the yield of agricultural product specially wheat as 0.38 kg/m.h. The production cuts is leading to lower income in rural areas and migration, and ultimately cause instability in rural settlement. During the period under study, 14 villages have been abandoned and uninhabited and 32 villages have been exposed to abandon.

The concept of quality of life can be a powerful tool used to monitor the planning and development of society. Since this concept, encompasses all aspects such as economic, social, environmental and physical, can be programmed to monitor the community, assess the effectiveness and efficiency of current policies and programs and develop new programs to help. Research carried out in relation to quality of life and urban sustainability clearly shows the close relationship between the quality of urban life and urban instability. That is why today addressing this issue in the process of urban planning of these areas is the key. Criteria such as the level of urban development and how its spatial distribution, Level and how to enjoyment or inequality in the enjoyment or benefit from the services, and functions in scale neighborhoods and urban areas are factors affecting the quality of urban life in general. Assessing and Leveling equality or inequality of urban quality life in the four areas and neighborhoods of Farsan City was the aim of this study. The research method is descriptive. A study conducted a field survey and data collected by using a questionnaire. A sample was 320 people who have been chosen from among residents of four Farsan Area. TOPSIS decision model used to analyze the data. The findings suggest that the district No.2 of Farsan' neighborhoods with a score of 0.841 in economic indicators, a score of 0.981 in social indicators, and a score of 0.930 in skeletal indicators has the first place and the district No.1 of Farsan' neighborhoods has the last place in the city neighborhoods. Also from the perspective of environmental factors, district No.4 with a score of 0.986 has the first place and district No.3 with a score of 0.266 is at the end of list.

In the recent decades, population growth, increasing urbanization and invading to agricultural land have become a serious environmental problem. Change assessment of Land use/land cover (LULC) is receiving considerable attention in the prospective modeling domain. The study's purposes refers to analyze and predicte of LULC change by using Land Change Modeler and the neural network with an integrated Markov model in 2032. MLP neural network was used for generating LULC maps by using Landsat images from 2005 to 2014. The overall accuracy and kappa coefficients of the maps were up to 82%. The accuracy of transition potential modeling showed high accuracy more than 95.2% in all sub-models. According to the results, the most salient increase was in urban areas from 1529.38 ha in 2005 to 1837 ha in 2014. This ascending trend will continue in the future and will increase to 2856.31 ha of the total area by year 2003. In conclusion, the study revealed that such models were useful for recognizing the Spatio-temporal LULC change.

Rural development experts, by taking into account of advantages and positive impacts of tourism activities in creating income and job opportunities, consider it as a new choice in creating commercial added value, a factor of creating relation between economic sectors of these areas and finally as a tool for economic diversification and local ecommunities development. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of rural tourism in creating contexts of entrepreneurship in Hesar-e-Valiasr County (Avaj Township- Qazvin Province). The research method is analytical– descriptive based on data collection by using questionnaires. The research population includes 4 villages of Kameshkan, Esmaeelabad, Changureh and Mashhad in which the number of second homesin turism is more than 50 percent of existing homes. Therefore, from 404 permanent households in these villages, the researches only managed to get approval and cooperation of 112 heads of households that include a little more than 25 percent of the research population. For data analysis, statistical tests such as One sample T test and Friedman (for the analysis of ranking mean and X2) and Kruskal Wallis (for the investigation of ranking mean among sample villages) were used. The research results show that tourism has been able lead to the improvement of entrepreneurship among settled respondents in sample villages. On the other hand, due to the effectiveness of these activities in all villages, high difference among target villages of second homes tourists in entrepreneurship indexes hasn't been observed. Also, the results of performed analyses in 4 main second homes tourism destination villages in Hesar-e-Valiasr County by the use of Kruskal Wallis analysis show that Kameshkan is in higher rank than the other villages in the indexes of diversification of family income resources in rural area, risk acceptance in activities, generating new jobs, and the improvement of individual and family job status. In the index of tourism resources management, Esmaeelabad and in the indexes of creativity and providence, Changureh are in the higher rank to the other studied villages.

Our country by its remarkable geological history, has very high potential to create national parks Including spa springs and travertine. Water-boiling Badab Surat is one of the rare heritages attractions in our country. The main objectives of the research is to present and analyze Badab Surat spring with Renard and Pereira methods and protect of this Geological phenomenon. In this study, the analytical method, library resources and documents such as the Department of Geological maps 1:100,000, proposing common softwares satellite, geographical area Like Google Earth (to assess the height and latitude region), ArcGIS and models Rennard and Pereira (via questinnaire) were used. The results of the questionnaire and field observations show Rennard combined with scientific values and added respectively with scores of 0.77, 0.67 and 0.62 as the most and least important. Zhyvmvrfvsayt in assessing by using two criteria such as Pereira geomorphological and management of privileges is 7 and 75.5. The reason for the lower grade because of poor management and planning management. This area has substantial capabilities in sustainable tourism because of it is combined with geological heritage, historical, ecological and cultural. This area, because of its maintenance and high geomorphological value, need to invest in the development of sustainable tourism development and comprehensive planning. With regard to this issue, it should be more accurate planning for sustainable tourism development and protection and proper management of natural resources.