GEOGRAPHY AND TERRITORIAL SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT
Year:2022 | Volume:12 | Issue:44|Papers Count:9

Neighborhood as the most important crucial part of city and the least Political-Managerial Organization and the smallest Social domain, is studied for enjoyment of varied dimensions by diversity scientific-artistry course. Purpose of the present article is the scientific assessment of articles that has been publicized in Iran The statistical community is 102 scientific-research articles written in the field of urban geography and available to everyone, which were used according to the PRISMA standard checklist and 27 indicators to analyze the articles in the framework of the qualitative meta-analysis method. In this evaluation, themes and concepts such as: topic, pattern, nature and purpose, the way of using theory, research style and method, data collection method and geographical area, the approach of each of the articles and finally the classification and presentation of their results have been discussed. The results of the article showed that the most attention of geographical articles is firstly on neighborhood development (44% of articles) and secondly on social dimensions (35% of articles) and other topics in the study of urban neighborhoods. Dispersion and disintegration of the studied themes,Relying on quantitative methods, overemphasizing the questionnaire technique and solely relying on the description or analysis of the information extracted from it (44% of the articles), the abundance of imitation works in the discussion of the sustainability of neighborhoods, sustainable development of the neighborhood, etc. (38% of the articles), the distortion of the database. Methodology (78% of articles), the lack of theory production is the dominant feature of neighborhood research. Most of the studied articles lack correct theoretical foundations and are limited to the concepts, background and introduction of some concepts and theories incompletely in the theoretical foundations section (71% of the articles). Most of the themes studied cannot be considered neighborhood studies, but rather a description of a variable in the neighborhood, that too in an isolated and disjointed way.

The imbalance in the spatial distribution of developments causes the formation of areas in which there is a clear contradiction in the development of central and peripheral areas. Such contradictions ultimately lead to changes in the quality of social and economic indicators, especially those related to poverty and livelihoods,There is a clear difference between these variables between rural and urban settlements in the provinces, which ultimately has led to the evacuation of most rural settlements. In the present study, with interpretive-structural analysis of the functional system of Semnan province, it has been tried to use the opinions of experts in the form of interviews and questionnaires, by examining the relationships between 80 variables and also using MICMAC software, production processes and poverty reproduction. Identify strategic variables for the evolution of this system. The results of the study show that the variable of water shortage has been one of the most important factors in the migration of the active population of villages to cities and as a result their evacuation. On the other hand, the value-added variables of total economic activities, capital flow, concentration of employment in cities, migration, concentration of active population in cities, existence of industrial estates and spatial and political dispersion of power in cities, by creating a sequence, have reproduced poverty in rural areas,Accordingly, by investing in the variables of water resources transfer and dam construction, improving the quality of the network of roads between urban and rural areas, as well as improving the agricultural sector and production in rural areas, unemployment and income reduction can be reduced and subsequently poverty can be prevented.

Urban land use is one of the important issues in urban planning, so that currently the proper analysis of urban land use is one of the important strategies to achieve urban sustainable development and service uses to a large extent quality of life and welfare they overshadow man. The present study tries to analyze the selected land use indicators in the neighborhood units of Basht city in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces, which are among the small cities of the country, using the new multi-criteria Mairca technique. The research is quantitative and analytical and the data required for the research have been collected through a comprehensive and detailed plan of Basht city. Using Mairca technique and calculating the total final values of the total gap, the situation of the neighborhood units of Basht city in terms of urban land use in 2020 has been investigated. The scores obtained from the model show that the two neighborhood units are in the best position with a score of (0. 0520). Neighborhood unit one with a score (0. 0886) and neighborhood unit three with a score (0. 1201) are in relatively good condition. The results of applying Mairca technique show that the neighborhood unit of five with a score of (0. 1414), the neighborhood unit of six with a score of (0. 1600) and the neighborhood unit of four with a score of (0. 1642) are not in a good situation. The total area of neighborhood two, in which the neighborhood unit four is located, is 63. 8 hectares, which constitutes 17. 6% of the texture of this city. 99. 7% of the texture is occupied by residential lands, so that its existing per capita figure for residential use with It is 56 square meters per person, which is close to the desired per capita. This neighborhood has shortcomings in terms of service uses. So this neighborhood does not have enough kindergartens, children's parks, sports-recreational and commercial.

Rural development areas has faced many structural and functional challenges from the past until now, and various strategies have been proposed by the scientific community. One of these strategies, which has played an effective role in the livability of rural areas in the world, is the prosperity and development of tourism. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of tourism development on the livability of rural areas in Tarom County. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and library and field methods (questionnaire) have been used to collect information. The statistical population of this research is 10 tourist villages of Tarom County which were selected based on the report of the Cultural Heritage and Handicrafts Organization of the province. 337 households have been estimated to select the sample size using the Cochran's formula and to analyze the data using quantitative methods based on descriptive (mean) and inferential statistics (single sample t, multivariate regression and path analysis) and TOPSIS model (In order to compare the studied villages in terms of viability). Used. The results of this study show that in terms of tourism development indicators and the livability of rural areas, it has been in a favorable situation. It can also be said that the effects of tourism development on the livability of rural areas is about 69% positive. So that the most impact is related to the physical dimension with a total impact factor of 0. 321 and the economic dimension with a total impact factor of 0. 229 and the lowest effects are related to the environmental dimension with a total impact factor of 0. 091.

Natural rivers are constantly changing in terms of dimensions, shape, direction and patterns under the influence of various factors and variables, and the diversion of rivers is always studied. Features such as river flow trends, network route changes, river network patterns, and communication can be done using satellite imagery. The purpose of this study is to move Hirmand River from Rudbar Afghanistan to Hamoon Sistan with a length of 275 km using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 time series satellite images from 1988 to 2018. The image was taken and analyzed every 5 years, ie 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, 2015 and 2018. GIS and ENVI softwares are the most important tools used in this research that were used to prepare and extract data. The studied river has geometric parameters such as mean and standard deviation, etc. for curvature coefficient, valley length and wavelength have been calculated. The results of this study showed that as we go from 1988 to 2018, the geometric parameters have had an increasing trend due to the changes in the river, and due to the long path of the river, the transverse changes have been divided into 11 intervals until the results be better and more accurately analyzed. The results also show that the average curvature coefficient in 1988 was 1. 5 but in 2018 it reached to 2. 5. This increase indicates many changes in the route and bed of the river. The longitudinal changes and the maze of the Hirmand River in the period 1988 to 2018 have changed a lot and the movement of the river has increased.

Urban segregation is a topic worthy of attention in most cities of the world,Because in many cities, this separation has been, if not the originator, but has aggravated some social problems, and many social and economic problems of such societies arise from the existence of residential segregation, which has become an important challenge in urban and residential policymaking. It has been in the cities. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to measure the residential segregation of Ardabil city using multi-group measurement index. The research method is quantitative and its approach is descriptiveanalytical. The statistical population of this research is the legal area of Ardabil city in 2015 and the sample size is all the statistical blocks of the mentioned year. The required data was analyzed in the form of a map using geographic information system, GeoDa software and spatial separation analysis. For this purpose, it was first measured the degree of segregation of several groups between the upper, middle and lower classes of the city. The results showed that there is a moderate separation between the strata in the city. Based on the results obtained from spatial statistics methods, it was found that among the 6738 city blocks in 2015, Ardabil city has a centralized and cluster structure. In a general summary of the results obtained based on the indicators used, it can be said that the spatial structure of Ardabil city has a concentrated pattern and the areas with the highest degree of urban deprivation are located in the northwest and southeast parts and mainly include Informal settlement areas are areas with middle disorganized texture and textures with rural background.

Urban regeneration is a comprehensive and integrated approach and action in the form of providing a strategic, integrated and flexible framework for developing and solving urban problems. Meanwhile, one of the ongoing problems of human settlements is biological hazards and epidemics such as malaria, influenza and coronavirus (Covid virus 19) that pose many challenges to different parts of the world, especially cities has constructed in various economic, social, psychological, environmental and other dimensions. Therefore, there is a need for a framework for planning and regenerating approaches to future cities in order to deal with such risks. For this purpose, the present study has been written with the aim of developing applied knowledge in order to develop a framework and model for sustainable urban regeneration of Tabriz in the post-Corona era. Therefore, the research method is applied in terms of purpose and analyticaldevelopmental nature in order to analyze the information using the structural equation modeling technique in Amos software. The statistical population of the present study also includes managers, officials and experts on urban issues as well as academic elites. Due to the uncertainty of the statistical population, Cohen's formula at 95% confidence level was used to determine the sample size and the statistical sample size was estimated at 200 people. Findings indicate that the greatest impact on the realization of sustainable urban regeneration of Tabriz in the post-corona era is related to management factors and variables, urban development plans, socio-economic, transportation and urban design with a value of 0. 79, 0. 66, 0. 61, 0. 54 and 0. 42, respectively. Also, the results show that in the management dimension, there is coordination between the centers for making key and basic decisions, in the dimension of urban development plans, targeted recognition of issues and flexibility in programs with a future research approach, in the dimension of urban design, allocating more space to pedestrian areas, cycling and green spaces, in terms of transportation, emphasis on green transportation and in the socio-economic dimension, diversity in the economic structure of the city is basic principles of Tabriz metropolis regeneration plans in order to achieve sustainability in the post-corona era.

Microcredits have been introduced as one of the solutions for empowerment, job creation and poverty reduction in developing countries. In Iran, micro financing or creation of empowerment funds has been pursued and implemented in various ways by various institutions and organizations in rural and deprived areas. . In recent years, the Alavi Foundation has tried to reduce poverty, job creation and empowerment in rural areas by entering deprived areas and creating a suitable empowerment plan to create a protest fund. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of the Empowerment Fund in the local community. In this research, the paradigm of positivism has been used. The tool for collecting field information is the questionnaire and the method of analyzing the collected data is the one-sample T-test and the correlation matrix of inferential statistics. The target community was 2579 members of the empowerment fund affiliated to the Alavi Foundation in 30 villages of Ahmadi section of Hajiabad city of Hormozgan province. The results show that the micro-credit fund is in the poverty line with an average of 3. 62 and in empowerment and job creation with an average of 3. 52 and 3. 44 is within the allowable and effective limits. Also, the results of a correlation coefficient of 0. 462 between the component of empowerment with the development of local community have shown that there is a correlation of 0. 451 between the component of poverty alleviation and poor development and a correlation of 0. 474 between the component of job creation and poor development. Finally, the data revealed that there is a meaningful relationship between these factors and the development of rural areas and the seats have played an effective role in the development of the target villages.