Journal of Multidisciplinary Care
Year:2022 | Volume:11 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Background and aims: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Cervical cancer screening is one of the essential measures for preventing this disease, and its purpose is to detect lesions in the premalignant stage and reduce the risk of death from this cancer. This study aimed to predict the factors related to cervical cancer screening in secondary school teachers using the PEN-3 model in Shahrekord, southwest Iran. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on secondary school female teachers in the academic year 2019-2020. The samples were 228 individuals who were selected by convenience random sampling. The research tools were a demographic information checklist, uterine screening performance information, and a questionnaire based on PEN-3 model constructs (perceptual, enabling, and reinforcing factors). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results: Regarding cervical cancer screening (Pap smear test), 59. 82% of the teachers had a history of undergoing Pap smear tests, of which 35. 43% had performed the test regularly. Pearson’, s correlation coefficient showed a direct and significant correlation between PEN-3 model constructs (perceptual, enabling, and reinforcing factors) and a history of cervical cancer screening (P < 0. 001). In the regression analysis of demographic variables and PEN-3 model constructs, the predictive value of these variables for cervical cancer screening was obtained at 0. 57%. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study and given the role of PEN-3 model constructs (perceptual factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing elements) in predicting cervical cancer screening behavior, comprehensive planning for intervention and use of this educational model and gaining knowledge about the cultural and socioeconomic factors for cervical cancer screening seems useful.

Background and aims: Examining the preparedness of nurses, including the individual preparedness of emergency nurses, has yet to be investigated. Given the hypocrisy of emergency nurses as the first group of the treatment team in responding to accidents and disasters and reducing the amount of damage to patients, the present study aims to investigate the individual preparedness of emergency nurses of Iran University of Medical Sciences in facing disasters in 2019. Methods: The present study was descriptive-cross-sectional in which the preparedness of 190 nurses in the emergency departments of the teaching and therapeutic hospital affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences was investigated. Data collection was done using a demographic characteristics checklist and the 37-item questionnaire on than individual preparedness of nurses in disasters. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 21 using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean ±,standard deviation). To determine statistical significance, inferential statistics (independent t, analysis of variance, Spearman’, s correlation coefficient, Tukey’, s test) were used at the significance level (P < 0. 05). Results: The study’, s results showed that nurses’,preparedness was at a reasonable level. The highest average score was obtained for the teamwork communication skills domain (86. 35 ±,14. 01), and the lowest average score for the clinical skills in the disaster response phase domain (10. 55 ±,20. 50) based on 0 to 100 was obtained (P < 0. 001). Among the demographic variables, age (31. 84 ±,5. 81 years) and nursing experience in the emergency department (7. 02 ±,5. 24) had a significant relationship with nurses’,preparedness (P < 0. 001). Conclusion: Having experience in nursing work and working in the emergency department plays a role in increasing the level of individual preparedness of nurses in disasters. Therefore, the recruitment of experienced staff in the emergency department and their hiring to training less professional staff should be encouraged. Implementing educational programs in the form of theoretical training and the performance of practical programs can effectively improve the level of preparedness of nurses, especially novice and apprenticeship ones, in facing disasters.

Background and aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common progressive neurological diseases in young people. Tremor is a common and debilitating symptom in people with MS, significantly affecting their quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a self-care program based on a mobile application on tremors in people with MS. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 72 patients with MS in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in 2019. Samples were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (36 people in each group). For the intervention group, a self-care program in the form of a mobile application was installed on their mobile phones and, for two months, used by patients. The use of the program was measured using self-report checklists and telephone tracking. The control group receives routine intervention only. Data were collected before and two months after the intervention using the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale and analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square, independent t test, and paired t test). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the mean tremor score before the intervention (P = 0. 768). However, after the intervention, this difference was significant (P = 0. 022). Conclusion: According to the findings, teaching a self-care program through a mobile application effectively improves the tremor of patients with MS and can be considered an effective intervention method.

Background and aims: Over the last six months, the use of technology and the internet in Iran is significantly increased due to the coronavirus pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the effect of online career counseling on students’,psychological capital (i. e., self-efficacy, resilience, optimism, and hope) during corona isolation. Methods: The research design was quasi-experimental. The statistical population of this study included all students who were members of social media (i. e., WhatsApp, Telegram, Facebook, and LinkedIn). After the announcement and completion coronavirus anxiety questionnaire, 30 students who had obtained scores higher than the average level were selected and randomly assigned into experimental (15 students) and control (15 students) groups. Results: The findings showed that after the online counseling course, the intervention group outperformed the control group in psychological capital components (i. e., self-efficacy, resilience, optimism, and hope). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, online counseling can be an effective source for career counselors, especially in developing countries. Besides face-to-face counseling, its services can help students increase their psychological capital.

Background and aims: To investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on sleep quality and postoperative pain in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 60 patients undergoing surgery that enter were randomly divided into the muscle relaxation (n = 30) or control group (n = 30). Data were collected by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and McGill Pain Questionnaire before and after the intervention. Patients in the control group received routine care, but patients in the muscle relaxation group performed a progressive relaxation technique twice a week for one month. Results: Most of the male participants in both groups had diplomas. There is no significant difference between the two groups of relaxation and control regarding age, gender, occupation, and education levels. The mean sleep quality score in the control group was not significantly reduced after the intervention. However, the mean sleep quality in the relaxation group before 13. 90 ±,2. 23 and after the intervention was 8. 03 ±,2. 01 significantly decreased (P < 0. 001). Also, the pain score was significantly reduced after the progressive relaxation group in the intervention group (P < 0. 001). Although the two groups were the same in all the dimensions of sleep quality before the intervention, significant differences were observed between groups after the intervention in all the dimensions. Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation has an influential role in the pain decrease and sleep quality of patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery and can be used as a safe and cost-free method for patients.

Background and aims: Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) are essential tools to improve the quality of nursing care. The present study aimed to design and validate proposed evidence-based nursing care guidelines in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods: This developmental study was performed in the angiography and post-cardiac care unit (CCU) of Vali-e-Asr hospital in Fasa in 2019. Evidence-based nursing care guidelines were designed based on the Stetler model. Ten specialized professors were interviewed in three phases to assess the content and face validity of the guidelines using an expert panel,ten specialized professors were interviewed in three phases. The application of the guidelines was also examined by a focus group discussion with ten clinical nurses. Results: In this study, eight evidence-based nursing care guidelines were designed and proposed for patients undergoing angiography. Conclusion: The development of evidence-based nursing care guidelines in patients undergoing angiography will provide more benefits, increase nurses’,access to up-to-date information, and ultimately increase the quality of nursing care.

Background and aims: Managers’,competencies can influence the organization’, s development and effectively promote and improve management and implementation of planned changes. This study addresses developing the pattern of specific competence of senior managers of universities of medical sciences. Methods: This research was conducted in two qualitative and quantitative phases in 2021-2022. First, it was done using a qualitative approach using conventional content analysis. The research tool was a semistructured interview. The data from the interviews with 17 participants through the purposeful sampling method depended on the criteria. In the second phase, the variables identified in the first phase were measured through the correlation method and structural equation model using AMOS software. The tool for collecting information in this phase was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the first phase of the research. The respondents, Lawshe’, s content validity ratio coefficient, and factor analysis confirmed the questionnaire’, s face, content, and construct validity. Its reliability was estimated using Cronbach’, s alpha coefficient at higher than 0. 7. The study population of this department consists of managers in the departments of a medical sciences university (n = 196). Results: The findings showed that 43 subscales were placed in 18 general categories in a paradigm model (causal factors, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences). The causal factor coefficient of the main category was 0. 57, background factors on strategies were 0. 59, intervening factors on strategies were 0. 43, and the main category on strategies was 0. 52. Finally, the factor coefficient of the strategies on the results was obtained at 0. 46. Conclusion: The results of this research may contribute to knowledge about the unique competencies of top managers in the development and improvement of human resources to achieve the organization’, s goals and success. These competencies can be considered in evaluating and selecting talented human resources.

Background and aims: Digital technologies promise great opportunities to overcome current challenges in the care sector. Examples include the growing presence of robotic systems and society’, s reliance on mobile, the internet, and social media. Despite substantial advances, challenges in the nursing use of digital technology persist. A lack of good empirical reviews of current technologies in the literature prompted us to conduct this review. Methods: This study was conducted using a narrative review method. We reviewed studies published from 2010 to 2022. Data were collected by searching different English and Persian databases, namely, Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scientific Information D atabase (SID). Search terms were “, digital technology, ”,“, social media, ”,“, monitoring technologies, ”,“, eHealth services, ”,“, nursing care, ”,“, digital technology application, ”,and “, innovative technology. ”,Results: Evidence shows that digital technology in the field of nursing care is classified into three types (types of digital technology in nursing, advantages and disadvantages of digital technology, and challenges and attitudes of nurses in the use of digital technology in nursing care). Each dimension was examined separately. This study uses digital technology in nursing care: Information and communication technology (ICT), ambient assisted living, assistive devices, monitoring/sensors, robotic technology, and virtual reality. Conclusion: Despite substantial advances, digital technology challenges persist in nursing use. Nurses must catch up with rapid changes in digital technologies and their impact on society, limiting their potential benefits to nursing practice and patient care. To respond to these challenges and prepare for the future, nursing must begin the immediate transformation into a digitally enabled profession that can respond to the complex global challenges facing health systems and society.