PAZHUHESHNAME-YE ZANAN (WOMEN’S STUDIES)
Year:2015 | Volume:5 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

To develop and organize the current status of research on women and family towards a desirable condition, problems and deficiencies in this area are quantitatively studied and evaluated. To this end, in designing the present research titled “Thematic Content Analysis of Scientific Research Papers in 'the Field of Women and Family'“ in scientific research journals approved by the Ministry of Sciences, Researches and Technology (Department of Human Sciences, 2000-2011), all variants (the number of authors, the gender of authors, the thematic orientations of the papers, the frequency of papers in journals, publication year, the education level of the authors of the papers) were thoroughly investigated by establishing a data bank of 1990 scientific research papers from 133 journals. The methodology of the present study is a thematic content analysis of all papers in the field of women and family cited in scientific research journals that were approved by the Ministry of Sciences, Researches and Technology. This way, the thematic prioritization of studies in this area and their existing deficiencies were identified, and ground for the enhancement of studies ahead was set, and the prevention of repetition in future research studies was observed. As a result of this, these factors led to the offering of effective strategies in the field of women and family.

Dr. Najib al-Kilani, a contemporary Egyptian writer and poet, is committed to Islamic principles and has applied all his art in the propagation of Islamic and ethical thoughts. Al-Kilani is considered a pioneer in contemporary Islamic literature as far as the frequency and variation of works are concerned. He has written over 80 books in the areas of novels, short stories, poetry, reviews, and medicine. Among them, his novels and short stories have taken effective steps to propagate ethical concepts in the world of Arabic stories. In some of his novels, al-Kilani either chooses issues related to women as the theme or focuses on women while talking about other characters. The research question is what status do women have in Najib's novels and what characteristics of theirs are attended by him? The study of Najib's novels shows that women have a very colorful role in numerous spheres including politics, defending one's hometown, society and family while preserving Islamic dignity. Najib has been largely successful in presenting an Islamic image of Muslim women. He has never sought to present a vulgar image of women, and wherever there were discussions of women's physical features, they were no more than the necessary amount, and, of course, all those features were placed in an aura of sanctity and chastity.

The feminist movement in the West was shaped in protest against the patriarchal culture of the Enlightenment period. On the basis of scientific evidence, the author of this article maintains that the patriarchal beliefs of the modernity have been affected by the myth-makings of Ancient Greece, because the theories of the Enlightenment period preceded the European Renaissance, the slogan of which was returning to the Golden Age of ancient Greece. On this basis, the patriarchal attitude of Greek theoreticians, such as Homer and Hesiod, affected the philosophical-social theories of the Enlightenment period, and introduced women as secondary and subordinate individuals, the participation of whom is confined to only the private sphere, and are deprived of taking part in social and public spheres.

The main purpose of this paper is to show the way women are dealt with as a knowing subject in the latest three cinematic works by Asghar Farhadi within the framework of dominant social discourses ruling over the Iranian society. To this end, the theories of Michel Foucault on the subject and power and the theories of Laclau and Mouffle were used to offer a sociological analysis on these three films. Foucault emphasizes that discourse has been intertwined with power relations; thus, to study relations among people in society, one needs to investigate social, cultural, and political discourses that govern it, so that power relations among people are learned. Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse analysis method was used to analyze the cinematic texts of this paper. The three selected movies for this research have a pathological approach towards the daily life of Iranians from different strata of society, reflecting part of the various discourses that govern Iranian contemporary society. In addition, within the relations among the personages in the movies, dominance and control of authorities on women's private and social lives from different social levels are illustrated. As the findings of this research, one can argue that in Farhadi's movies, women have more colorful roles in social relations. He views women affected by the dominating discourse in the society, and their individual and social decisions and functions in both public and private arenas are affected by this discourse network. Farhadi displays the Iranian society under the domination of relations and discourse of men's power; he also views the world of women's decisions and functions masculine and passive, to the extent that he challenges their individuality and subjectivity under the shadow of this dominant discourse.

The vision statement of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the most important document after the Constitution, has considered the provision of equal opportunities and proper distribution of income as one of the goals of its vision in 2025. This important issue is possible only through the development of a balanced market; therefore, the investigation into the development level of job market across genders forms the main goal of this article. To determine the development level of job market, four indices of this market including the rate of unemployment, the proportion of the partially unemployed population, the proportion of those employed in the industrial sector, and the proportion of those employed in the private sector during the years between 2005 and 2011 were selected. To modulate them, the best proposal method with the most ideal solution was used. The results of this study indicates that during the whole period studied, the development level of job market across genders was in favor of men's job market, and in comparing the initial and final years of this period, the differences have not only not decreased in line with the macro-plans of the country, but they have also gone through a rising trend.

Social changes that resulted from industrial revolution changed the social roles of women and men, and led to revolutions in the power structure within families. The present conditions have rejected the traditional patriarchy system, seeking more equality of power between men and women. This demand has been materialized to a certain extent, and relations within families have progressed towards “democratization”. In addition, the traditional system of patriarchy has weakened. Using qualitative research method and relying on field data gathered mainly through interview technique, this research attempts to show that inequality of power between spouses does not necessarily lead to exploitation. Comments by a large proportion of the interviewees suggest that abiding by traditional norms vis-à-vis husband and wife relations brings about happiness in marital life as long as there is no power abuse and there is also some extent of intimacy between the spouses. In such traditional models of family, the so-called legitimate inequality of power is not considered as an issue between the spouses.

The estheticism of the image of women in Iranian painting has originated from the status of women from the viewpoints of Islam and Muslim men of literature and mystics, who have been the source of inspiration to Iranian painters. The image of women in paintings indicate the attention of the painter to the truth of her spiritual beauty and is based on literary and mystical descriptions of her. This beautiful image, in addition to its superficial dimension, is an irony of the mystical meaning of these descriptions; the image of beautiful eyes illustrate the supervising position of justice, and that of the beautiful lip illustrates the position of the stories of the heart and the expression of the inner secrets, which resort to dialogue and smile.This article investigates Iranian poems and examples of Iranian original painting work pieces, and sets the ground for the study of ways to coordinate esthetic standards of painters with literary ad mystical definitions of the identity of women. It also shows how painters have tried to illustrate desirable features in women on the basis of Islamic school of thought present in Iran's literature.