GEOGRAPHY AND TERRITORIAL SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT
Year:2014 | Volume:4 | Issue:10|Papers Count:8

Green space as one of the most important elements of life and sustainability of city, in case of considering environmental standards and its proper distribution, regarding factors including population, density, and area has crucial and positive effect on the life quality and joyance of people.But at present, a lot of small and large cities of Iran faced with limitation and inappropriate distribution of green spaces, which such condition causes the dissatisfaction and gradual decrease of life quality and health of people.The city of Qom as one of the large cities of Iran, regarding the increasing population and physical growth, requires a desirable urban green space. this research aimed to investigate and analyze the green space use and its per capita in the most populated area of the city (district 1) and presenting appropriate recommendations in line with creating balance in socio-physical structure of the study area, as the subject of this research, can have a great importance.The methodology of the research is descriptive-analytical method, and the documentary and field data were collected, meanwhile 380 short and brief questionnaires have been distributed among the area residents based on Kokaran model to examine the satisfaction of the area’s citizen about the function and condition of green space. The research findings showed that the current situation of the area, its dispersion and distribution in the area in not at all compatible with the common standards specially the population and the residents of this area are faced with great problems in this regard.So that, the made calculations show that the shortage amount of green space in the area is 8337293m2. This number shows the undesirable condition of green space and its improper dispersion especially in north east part of the area which is approximately devoid of green space. Finally by recognizing the condition of the green space of the area, a proper green space per capita has been recommended based on Bahram Soltani model.

Moving toward creating and establishment of a creative city is so important and vital due to the position of city as a place of formation the beds of intelligence community and the city importance in economic development. This paper attempts to study the components of creative city in districts of Sardasht city in order to move towards a creative city.Regarding the studied factors, the research is of applied type and the used method is of descriptive-analytical method. Statistical society is 15 districts of Sardasht city and indicators of research include 20 indices of a creative city. Investigating the status of cultural services and manner of their distribution and classification shows that Azadegan and Terminal districts have devoted themselves the highest rates of the Cultural Services due to the existence of scientific centers also, the highest level of innovation and invention in Azadegan and Terminal districts was 64 percent.The ANP model has had the most effect on moving a district toward a creative district in Sardasht city. Among these, the indices of the number of scientific and technological centers and number of invents with the amount of 0.033 and 0.031respectively have the most important role in the realization of Sardasht creative city. Also based on TOPSIS model, Stadium and Azadegan districts in the studied indicators are located at the highest level of creativity. Calculations of multiple correlation coefficient also revealed that 41.8 percent of the changes of realizing creative districts in Sardasht city is due to the improvement and increase of using the creative city Components.So that for one unit change due to deviation of criteria, the criteria of realization creative city, will cause 0.652 units of change in realization of creative districts in Sardasht city. As a result, for placing Each district along the realization of creative city, the effective Strategies such as: Formation of elites Community, elites thought chambers, city Management, Equitable distribution of services, scientific and technological Facilities, dedicating places for the creative class of the society, internet access facilities for creative class and other citizens are highly effective.

Quantity and quality of cultivation crops in country, is a function of the type of operating system. The dominant operating system of country is yeomen system with low productivity. On the other hand, the population of the system is faced with an increasing and growing trend; therefore, the need for more production of agricultural products makes inevitable the need to change the operating system.To this aim, strategies including development of new and modern agricultural systems have been considered more than before like farming joint stock companies. In the present paper, it is tried to review the pattern for effective factors on forming Sahlabad and Nehbandan Farming Joint stock Company.This research is an applied one with a descriptive-analytical approach. For collecting data, two techniques of documentary and surveying method have been used. The findings of the research showed that factors including providence, partnership and plurality and hope for future have the greatest positive effect on formation of Farming Joint Stock Companies. The general components of pattern affecting on the acceptance and formation of Farming Joint Stock Companies has included the social potential, economical condition, production, development and cultural indices.

Since globalization in 21th century will have a great impact on the future of human society, it is evaluated and considered as a sensitive issue with high security implications. In this respect, pondering about its nature and consequences of such process has a great importance for the political-social life of the countries. The process of globalization is impossible without development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Although development of ICT provides various facilities, it poses limitations and challenges for the governments, one of them is related to security issues. Nowadays, national security of the counties cannot be guaranteed by fortifying national borders and boosting defensive power alone because the nature of threats has been changed and the national security of states is threatened not only by hard but by only by soft threats.This article which is developed by descriptive-analytic method and qualitative analysis, aimed at investigating the effect of globalization of communications on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The findings indicted that globalization of communications, while mitigating the traditional role of national borders in controlling and separating Iranian territory from neighbors, has increased bilateral exchanges between dwellers of the two sides of these borders. Considering cultural and linguistic commonalities, these changes can bear both positive and negative security outcomes. It can be argued that development of communications has led to penetration of Iranian western borders, and has faced the country with several security opportunities and challenges.

Quality of environment and urban life are the subjects that will be addressed by the various sciences. And the knowledge of urban geography studies the quality of life in relation with the environment and its impact on citizenship. Today, quality of life is the most supreme level in the objectives of social–economic planning and has two dimensions of subjective and objective dimensions. Subjective dimensions considers the perception of the individual about the quality of their lives and environment and is a qualitative and relative concept. But, objective dimensions are observable and measurable issues and have a quantitative concept. In this study, firstly the quality of life in the environmental, social, bodily and mental health dimensions (subjective dimensions), and also the quality of the urban environment (objective dimensions), is measured and evaluated and then the relationship between quality of environment and life with the amount of citizens’ participation in urban affairs has been studied. Statistical society of this research is all wardens of families in Minoodasht town, which by implementing Cochran formula and simple random sampling, 250 samples were elected, and data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire. Results of the study revealed that social and mental health dimensions are above average and environmental and bodily health dimensions, as well as, the quality of the urban environment are lower than average. Also, results of statistical test of variance analysis indicated that enhancement of the life and environment quality can lead to increase of citizens’ participation in urban affairs, and there is a significant and direct relation between these issues.

Sense of place which refers to emotional feeling of a person to a specific place and researchers concept of the environment is one of the important and key concepts in the human geography particularly cultural geography.This research studies and analyzes the quality of physical environment and sense of place among students of Shahid Beheshti University. The research method is of analytical-descriptive type and statistical society of this research is 5644 students of sub sets of human science group of Tehran Shahid Beheshti University. The theoretical framework of the research is based on documentary research and at the practical part, 400 students were selected using stratified random sampling.Findings showed that the variable of university position with a weighted average of 4.06 and relative weight of 0.27 among the fifteenth variables has the greatest effect on the place sense of the students and has been given the highest rating. Elements of the physical environment, such as suitable space for walking and wooded green space has designated the highest rank after the university location.

in geographical studies of rural areas, due to the diversity of place and space phenomenon, it is not possible to study as single and individual. Therefore, the first step is to classify these phenomena in similar categories. In particular, factor analysis as a powerful tool against this problem, is responsible to develope solutions to reduce and analyze the factors. In this paper, 38 indicators were used for leveling villages of Tonekabon city, which was reduced using factor analysis to four factors.Today, he use of geographic information systems in the spatial analysis of rural development and using statistical models and tests of graphics benchmark in order to provide spatial data base, sorting, spatial display of information, the integration of spatial information and analysis is common.The research method in this study is analytical-synthetic method and the data analysis as qualitative and quantitative were made using inferential statistical methods using SPSS and ArcGIS10 softwares. The results show that economic and physical factors, with special quantity of 17.305, is lonely able to calculate 33.769% of the variance And has the most effect among the four factors and is known as a major factor in leveling the villages. Also the best model for estimating the density of development in the region, is kernel model which was selected as the best model with determinant factor of 0.71. According to this model, the development density is in the villages of northwest part of the town.

Identifying barriers and challenges is the first step to development of rural tourism.Therefore, the purpose of this study is the identification of the views of villagers of Dena region in Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad province about the barriers and challenges of tourism development in this area. For this purpose, simple stratified surveying and sampling methods with appropriate appointment were used.At the first phase, tourism villages of Den a region were identified and by using sampling table, the sample volume of 115 rural families has been estimated. Then the share of each village from the sample was determined. One male and one female (a couple) from each house were interviewed as systematic. In total 230 rural men and women were studied. The tool for collecting data was the questionnaires which their face validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability, by a pilot study with Cronbach’s Alpha value of more than 0.57 for different variables was obtained. SPSS statistical software and exploratory factor analysis technique were used for data analysis. The conducted factor analysis extracted 8 barriers of rural tourism development in Dena region, which defined 66.45 percentage of total variance. These barriers including: organizational barriers (%32.34), social barriers (%11.65), welfare barriers (%4.83), facilities barriers (%4.07), cultural barriers (%3.89), communicational barriers (%3.68), people barriers (%3.10), and finally economic barriers (%2.87). Therefore, for rural tourism development in Dena region, it is recommended to establish private tourism stations or units in the objective villages, in order to while guiding the tourists, organize the information systems and install and equip guide signs. From social aspect, through holding training workshops and tourism festivals, make ready the host society for accepting tourism and in addition, for development of tourism infrastructures in Dena region, supporting and encouraging policies shall be used. On this basis, optimum servicing in the field of infrastructural affairs such as communicating methods, water, electricity and sport and hygienic facilities can also be effective.