JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY (TABRIZ UNIVERSITY)
Year:2023 | Volume:18 | Issue:69|Papers Count:30

One of the components that affects the behavior of young people and students in life and in the social environment and causes an increase in social adaptation is social acceptance. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is the relationship between emotion regulation difficulty, cultural intelligence and negative self-evaluation thinking with social acceptability of secondary school students in Silvana region. The method of the present research is correlation. The statistical population of this research included all high school students of the second year of high school in Silvana region in the academic year of 2021-2022. According to the statistics of the education department of Silvana region, 988 students were studying in secondary school. The research sample included 300 people. The sampling method for the current research was considered as multi-stage cluster random sampling. The research tools included the Difficulty in Regulating Emotions scale by Bashart et al. (2006), Central Self-Evaluation Scale (Judge et al., 2003), Ford and Robin's Acceptability Questionnaire, Ang et al.'s Cultural Intelligence Scale (2004). The obtained findings showed that all three variables of difficulty in emotion regulation, thinking of negative self-evaluations and cultural intelligence had a significant relationship with the social acceptability of students. The components of difficulty in emotion regulation, thinking, negative self-evaluations, and cultural intelligence had the ability to predict the social acceptability of students. Therefore, by strengthening cultural intelligence, strengthening positive self-evaluation and effective strategies in emotion regulation, it is possible to improve the acceptability and social skills of students.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the role of goal orientation, Intrinsic value, organization and planning in predicting the academic performance of students of Ardabil Farhangian University. The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of this study includes all male and female students of Ardabil Farhangian University who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400, of which 406 were considered as the sample size using the available sampling method. The research instruments included Pintrich and DeGroot (1990) self-regulated learning strategies questionnaire and average scores of students. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of the present study showed that goal orientation and Intrinsic value, and organizing and planning are related to students' academic performance and planning, organizing, internal evaluation and goal orientation, respectively, have an important role in predicting the academic performance of Students of Ardabil Farhangian University.

This study compared the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), emotional freedom technique (EFT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating PTSD in patients who recovered from Covid-19 in Tabriz (Iran).The present study was quasi-experimental based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all female patients recovered from Covid-19 aged 25 to 60 years in Tabriz in 2021. forty-eight patients sampled using the purposeful sampling method and diagnosed with PTSD were randomly assigned to three experimental groups(n=36) and one control group(n=12). Participants in EMDR and EFT sessions were treated individually in six 45 min sessions. Similarly, those who took part in the CBT sessions were treated in groups in 45 min sessions. All participants were evaluated in two pre-test and post-test stages by a post-traumatic stress disorder checklist. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using the analysis of covariance. Post-test PTSDA scores were significantly reduced in three experimental groups (P <0.05). Additionally, a reduction in PTSD scores in the EMDR group was substantially more significant than in the CBT and EFT groups. Three EMDR, EFT and CBT psychotherapies relieved the symptoms in PTSD patients. However, according to the post-test results, EMDR intervention was more effective than CBT and EFT psychotherapy in reducing PTSD symptoms. Since, all the three methods can improve behavioral strategies by influencing irrational thoughts and emotion release, they are effective ways to reduce PTSD .

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Training (CT) and Mind- Body Therapy (MBT) on different types of attention in children with attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. 30 children were selected with aged 7-12 years who were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder according to DSM-5 criteria from counseling and psychotherapy centers in Tabriz in 2019- 2020, and were randomly divided into two experimental groups. Demographic information questionnaire, Raven IQ test for children, CSI-4, IVA test, Captain’s Log cognitive training program, and Mind-Body Therapy training package were the tools of this study.IVA test was performed as a pre-test after sample selection and random placement of individuals in experimental groups. Each group received intervention methods separately and then performed a post-test (IVA) to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention methods. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results of statistical analysis showed that the two educational-therapeutic methods have different and significant effects on the improvement of different types of attention (except alternating attention) because the calculated F (7.37) is significant at the level of P≥ 0/05. Analyzes showed that the difference between the two educational-therapeutic methods is able to explain 76% of the variance of the dependent variable (E2 = 0.76) with full power (0.99).

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of systemic and solution-focused couple therapies on marital satisfaction and family relationships of couples in Isfahan. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and follow-up and with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study included all married couples who had conflict and referred to counseling centers in District 12 of Isfahan 2019-2020. Among them, a sample of 40 people was selected by using a convenience sampling and they were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Barnes and Olson Family Relationships Questionnaire (FRQ) were used to collect data. Both research groups were evaluated by research tools three times before, after and 45-day follow-up. The control group did not receive any intervention, but the experimental group received the combination of systemic and solution-focused couple therapies. The collected data were analyzed by using analysis of variance with repeated measures, Tukey post hoc test and SPSS-23 software. The results showed that the combination of systemic and solution-focused couple therapies had a significant effect on improving marital satisfaction and its dimensions and family relationships (P <= 0.05). Based on the present results, this combined method can be used to improve marital satisfaction and family relationships.

Borderline personality disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. The essential feature of borderline personality disorder is a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts. This study aimed to compare cognitive flexibility, impulsivity and quantitative educational performance in college students with borderline personality traits and normal college students. In this regard, 20 college student with Borderline personality traits and 20 normal college students were chosen by borderline personality inventory (BPI), ), and then participants were evaluated with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, and Educational Performance Test. Data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA). The results showed that there are significant difference between college students with borderline personality traits and normal college students in cognitive flexibility, impulsivity and quantitative educational performance. Therefore, the results of this study indicated that college students with borderline personality traits exhibited deficits in cognitive flexibility, impulsivity and quantitative educational performance.

The purpose of this study was to comparison of the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and emotion-focused therapy on cognitive fusion and sexual intimacy in married women with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The research design was experimental with pre-test and post-test and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all married female patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder who had referred to one of the counseling centers and psychological and psychiatric services for treatment in Parsabad city of Ardabil province between July and September 2021. 45 of them were located by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into groups receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy based on the Internet (n= 15), emotion-focused therapy (n= 15) and the control group (n= 15). Data collection tools were: Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale, Gilanders et al. Cognitive Fusion Scale, and the Bagarozi Intimacy Needs Questionnaire. Each treatment was performed in 8 weekly sessions and the control group did not receive any specific treatment during this period. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results showed that Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and emotion-focused therapy were effective on cognitive fusion and sexual intimacy in married women with obsessive-compulsive disorder (P<0.05) and there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two therapies. (P>0.05). The results have potentially significant practical effects for specialists and therapists to pay attention to the effectiveness of the treatment methods used to improve the consequences of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background and Aim: Self-harm is one of the psycho-social problems that is very common in adolescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the The Effectiveness of Compassion and Emotion-focused Therapy on Self-harming Behaviors and Interpersonal Needs in Female Adolescents with Suicidal Ideation.Method: This quasi-experimental study was a pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2021-2022. From area 2, 45 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Emotional therapy and compassion-based therapy were performed in 8 sessions of 60 minutes in experimental groups 1 and 2, respectively. The control group did not receive any training. Data were collected using the Sanson Self-Injury Questionnaire (1998), the Beck Suicide Thought Scale (1979) and the interpersonal needs questionnaire of Van Arden et al. (2012) and analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results showed that the experimental groups in the post-test stage had a significant decrease in terms of perception of overload, neutrality, self-harming behaviors and suicidal ideation (P<0.05). Emotional therapy was more effective than compassionate therapy in reducing the perception of overload, belonging, neutrality, self-harming behaviors, and compassionate therapy was more effective in reducing suicidal ideation.Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be said that using both interventions can reduce the feeling of belonging, neutrality, suicidal thoughts and self-harming behaviors in adolescent girls by affecting the perception of overload.

Present study aimed to analyze latent profile of the patterns of difficulties in emotion regulation and its associations with consideration of future consequences and anticipated regret. In a cross-sectional survey, 380 people were selected through convenience sampling from adult population of Kermanshah. Data were collected through the short form of difficulties in emotion regulation scale, consideration of future consequences scale, and regret-based decision-making style scale. The data were analyzed based on various methods including latent profile analysis by SPSS and Mplus software. Latent profile analysis showed that a model with three profiles has the best fit with the data. From these three profiles, the first profile belonged to those who were in the optimal state in terms of emotion regulation. The second profile belonged to those who had mild problems in emotion regulation, and the third profile belonged to those who suffered from severe problems in emotion regulation. Belonging to the first profile was associated with lower scores in the anticipated regret and consideration of immediate consequences compared to the second and third profiles. Having different levels of emotional regulation difficulties is associated with varying degrees of consideration of future consequences and anticipated regrets, and the extracted profiles can be used to predict decision-making patterns and provide tailored interventions for each group of people.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of executive functions training on anxiety, self-efficacy and self-regulation of elite student athletes participating in the sports Olympiad. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research was elite male student athletes and 34 people (17 people in the experimental group and 17 people in the control group) were selected and participated in the research as a sample. Beck et al.'s anxiety questionnaires (1988), Sherer's general self-efficacy (1982) and SRI-25 self-regulation questionnaires were completed before and after the training sessions by the students of the target community. Executive function training intervention sessions were conducted for 15 sessions for the experimental group. The result of univariate covariance analysis showed that executive functions training reduces anxiety (F=7.056, P<0.05) and increases self-efficacy (F=26.248, P<0.05) and also increases self-regulation (F=37.705). , P < 0.05) of student athletes participating in sports Olympiad was effective in the experimental group. It can be concluded that the training of executive functions reduced anxiety, increased self-efficacy and self-regulation of student athletes participating in the sports olympiad.

The Effectiveness of Families-and-Schools-Together Program on Family Cohesion, Expressiveness and Conflict of First Graders’ Parents in TabrizThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Families-and-Schools-Together program (FAST) on family cohesion, expressiveness and conflict of first graders’ parents in Tbriz. This study was based on a quasi-experimental research design. On the basis of purposive sampling, 40 families were selected and randomly assigned in two groups (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). While the experimental group participated in the Families-and-Schools-Together program (FAST), the control group did not receive any treatment. the analysis of covariance showed a statistically significant increase in the experimental group’s family cohesion and expressiveness and a decrease in the family conflict scores (p < 0.05). It is concluded that participating in Families-and-Schools-Together program (FAST) can increase family cohesion and expressiveness and decrease family conflict.Keywords: Family cohesion, Expressiveness, Conflict, Families and Schools Together program.

AbstractAging is associated with many diseases, deficiencies and disabilities and the elderly are exposed to many problems. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of well-being therapy with acceptance and commitment therapy on the quality of sleep in the day care center for the elderly. The present study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a one-month follow-up phase with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included the elderly of Neshat Nursing Home in Mashhad. Among these people, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into three groups of 15 people. The experimental groups underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of well-being therapy or acceptance and commitment therapy and no action was taken for the control group. Data collection tools included Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. SPSS software version 22 and mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures at the level of 0.05 were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that well-being therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on improving the quality of sleep of the elderly in the post-test and follow-up stages (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two groups (P <0.05). According to the results, well-being therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy can be used to improve the quality of sleep in the elderly.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of lived experience of trauma in childhood and self-destructiveness on the suicide ideation with the mediating effect of emotional suppression. In this reason in a cross-sectional and correlational study, from Payame Noor University of Ilam province (PNU), 233 colledge students (116 male and 117 female) with an age range of 19 to 30 years and undergraduate, graduate and doctoral degrees were chosen using convenience sampling method. Then, they were evaluated by using the following measures: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Mohammadkhani Child Abuse Self-Report Scale, Sansone & Sansone Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) and Weinberger Adjustment Inventory (WAI). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS-22 and Lisrel 8.85. The results of structural equations showed that childhood trauma has a significant direct and positive effect on suicidal ideation. On the other hand, self-destruction has a positive and significant relationship with suicidal ideation. Trauma has an indirect effect on suicidal ideation through emotional suppression. Also, self-destruction through the mediation of emotional suppression affects suicidal ideation. Based on these findings, we could state that emotional suppression can have a significant mediating role between childhood trauma, self-harm and suicidal ideation. The findings have implications for the use of emotion interventions aimed at the effective regulation of emotion to reduce the suicide ideation.

Repeated diet failure leading to lowered self-esteem, a sense of guilt and even self-hatred. Studies have suggested that attentional biases for food cues may play an essential role in the development and the maintenance of maladaptive eating behaviors. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of attentional bias modification Food-Related stimuli and food craving in dieters. The method was quasi-experimental with two-group pretest-posttest design. 30 people were selected based on the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to the two groups of experiment and control. The experimental group received the intervention attentional bias modification training. To measure attentional bias and interventions Dot-probe task test (MacLeod et al, 1986) and to measure food craving, Food Craving Questionnaire (Cepeda-Benito, 2000) were used respectively. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between two groups in attention bias and food craving in the pre-test and post-test. The results also showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the dimensions of intention and planning to consume food, anticipation of positive reinforcement, anticipation of relief from negative feelings, lack of control over eating, thoughts or preoccupation with food, emotions before or during food craving and guilt from craving (P<0/05).

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of pain stages of change algorithm & transdiagnostic treatment on comorbid symptoms in psychosomatic patients with migraine. The current study was a quasi-experimental. Statistical population included people with migraine in Urmia city. Forty-five people with migraine were selected by a specialist after final diagnosis, and randomly divided into three groups of fifteen. Experimental group 1 underwent pain stages of change algorithm, experimental group 2 underwent transdiagnostic treatment, and control group was placed in waiting list. Comorbid Symptoms in patients with migraine included distress intolerance, pain anxiety, and sleep disorders; to measure these variables, distress intolerance questionnaire (Simmons and Gaher, 2005), pain anxiety scale (McCracken et al., 1992), and sleep disorders questionnaire (Mohammadi and et al., 2009) were used. Mixed ANOVA analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the transdiagnostic treatment in the cognitive subscale of pain anxiety and the subscales of non-absorption, evaluation, and regulation of emotion were significantly more effective than the pain stages of change algorithm. But, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment and pain stages of change algorithm in sleep variables. The results of this study suggest that transdiagnostic treatment can reduce cognitive and emotional symptoms in patients with migraine and improve headaches. But in the case of sleep disorders in these patients both treatments can be used.

The aim of this study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Adlerian Therapy on Family Resilience and Social Avoidance Divorced Women in the Sarvabad city. This research is a single-case design of A-B-A. The statistical population of this research included divorced women covered by the welfare of Sarovabad city in 2017, who were selected by simple random sampling.The Adlerian Therapy were taught to 6 Divorced Women in 12 sessions (60 minutes). To collect the data Factor Structure of the Family Hardiness Index (FHI) and social avoidance and distress (SAD) are used. The results of Cohen’d Family Resilience which is in the range of -1.45 to -2.01 and Cohen’d Social Avoidance which is in the range of -2.08 to -1.89, showed that the Adlerian Therapy has a positive effect on the Family Resilience and Social Avoidance in Divorced Divorced women in the Sarvabad city. Discussion and analysis of the findings of this research showed that the useful and practical effects of Adlerian therapy by using encouragement and encouragement, emphasizing on strengths and social feelings, make the coping resources of anxious clients expand, and women's self-care and overall satisfaction. Divorced in the face of social problems and harms, the number of divorces will increase.

The presence of mental disorders among teenagers has always affected the mental health of society..The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy based on mindfulness and forgiveness therapy on increasing anger self-inhibition in teenage girls with destructive mood dysregulation disorder. Semi-experimental research method was pre-test-post-test type with control group. The statistical population of this research was all students with symptoms of mood disorder in the first and second year of high school, aged 14-17 years in Baharestan city in 2021. Among these, 54 people were randomly selected based on the available sampling method, 17 people were in the remission therapy group, 19 people were in the cognitive-behavioral group based on mindfulness, and 18 people were in the control group. The research tool included Strigerzo et al.'s emotional reactivity scale, Quinn, Dozes and Eugene Wayne's cognitive errors questionnaire and Abedi's state metacognition questionnaire. Subjects in two experimental groups were subjected to cognitive behavioral therapy intervention based on mindfulness, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Multivariate analysis of covariance and Benferoni test were used for data analysis. The results of the data analysis showed that both test groups had a significant role (P<0.05) in increasing the variable of self-inhibition and its components. And the effect of both groups was reported almost equally. According to the findings of the research, cognitive behavioral therapy based on mindfulness and forgiveness therapy can be used to increase the self-control of anger in adolescents with destructive mood dysregulation.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation based on behavioral and movement training on improving practical functions and reducing boredom in children with developmental coordination disorder.Method: The research was semi-experimental and a pre-test-post-test design was used with a control group. The statistical population of the research includes all female students from the first to the fourth grade of elementary school in Tehran in the academic year of 2014-2014. 30 of the students were A multi-stage cluster was selected for the statistical sample and they were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The research tools included the developmental coordination disorder screening questionnaire of 2007 and Politir et al. The experimental group was subjected to intervention in 10 sessions and each session lasted for 60 minutes. To measure the effectiveness of the intervention, analysis of covariance was used at a significance level of 0.01 and SPSS26 software was used.Findings: In the post-test phase, the difference in the average scores of practical functions and boredom in the experimental and control groups is significant (p<0.01) and cognitive rehabilitation based on behavioral and motor training leads to the improvement of practical functions and reduction of boredom in children with coordination disorder. It grows.Conclusion: The use of cognitive rehabilitation based on behavioral and movement training in order to improve practical functions and reduce boredom in children with developmental coordination disorder is an effective method in rehabilitation centers and elementary schools for children.

Aims: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Short Form of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth Self-Report (PSC-17-Y) among Iranian children and teenagers . Method: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included all teenagers aged 11 to 17 years old in Iranian that 3305 students (1519 boys and 1786 girls) were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. After translating and obtaining the opinions of experts and subjects, the face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed. SPSS and LISREL software were used for statistical analysis. Results: The results of the confirmatory factor analysis, based LISREL software, showed that three-factor structure of the Impersonation, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and attention symptoms in the Iranian students sample had good fit with data. Correlational analyses between this Questionnaire with Achenbach’s Behavioral Problems-Youth Self-report Scale_(YSR) provided initial evidence for the (PSC-17-Y) convergent validity. Reliability of the questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha method, mean of variance extracted and retested for the total scale and its dimensions was confirmed. Conclusion: In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the (PSC-17-Y) as an instrument to measure internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and attention symptoms among Iranian children and teenagers. This scale can be used to measure screening for psychosocial disorders in treatment and research departments.

The growing fear of infection following the spread of the coronavirus worldwide has posed a threat to the mental health of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotional and neutral working memory training on improving rumination in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In order to achieve the aim of the study, the sample group consisting of 42 individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder was selected by the available method according to the Vancouver obsessive-compulsive disorder questionnaire and structured clinical interview for psychiatric disorders and then they were placed randomly in Three equal groups. Pre-test and post-test included the Nolen-Hooksma rumination questionnaire. the interventions used was included of emotional working memory training for the first group and neutral working memory training for the second group, each of which was performed for 20 sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of ANCOVA analysis showed a significant effectiveness of emotional and neutral working memory training on rumination in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (P <0.01). Also, emotional working memory training was significantly more effective in improving rumination than neutral working memory training (P <0.05). And MANCOVA analysis showed that working memory training had significant effect on the reflection subscale (P <0.01) and no significant effect on the subscales of depression and depression. According to the findings, it can be concluded that emotional processes of working memory play a greater role in the formation of rumination than neutral processes.

These days, the use of social networks is very popular. Among social networks, Instagram has had a great impact on people's personal and marital life, but little research has been done on the addictive use of Instagram and its related factors. The purpose of present study was to investigate the mediating role of Instagram addiction in predicting Marital Commitment based on Personality Traits. Method: This research is descriptive and correlational and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all married people who are members of the Instagram social network. among them, 543 people were selected convenience sampling method. Pearson correlation and linear regression methods have been used to analyze the data, and structural equation modeling using smartpls3 software has been used to check the research hypotheses. Results: The results show that the presented model has a good fit and Instagram addiction can play a mediating role between personality traits and marital commitment. Conclusion: Considering the effects of lack of marital commitment on couples, families and society, identifying the variables involved in this matter can provide the basis for planning prevention and treatment, and it seems that Instagram addiction is one of the factors affecting the reduction of marital commitment.

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of sexual training programs on basis religious on marital satisfaction in married men and women. The study sample consisted of 30 couple (15 man, 15 women) who were selected randomly from couples referred to psychological clinics of Qom city and randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. In the intervention phase, the experimental group received sexual training programs on basis religious for 6 sessions of one hour and thirty minutes. During this period, the control group did not receive any intervention. For data collection, Enrich marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1999) were used. Data were analyzed using univariate of covariance. Results showed that the marital Satisfaction subjects who received sexual training programs on basis religious is significantly higher than subjects in control group. Finding showed that sexual training programs on basis religious had a significant positive impact on marital Satisfaction of couplesKey word:Couples, sex education, marital satisfaction

Emotional growth is one of the most important and undeniable factors in the all-round progress of students that has been considered by most educators and officials in recent years; However, there are not many effective and practical strategies to improve this issue and it still faces ambiguities. So, the purpose of this study was to investigating the effect of painting therapy on alexithymia and emotional suppression in female students. The statistical population of the present research is all female students in second grade of high school that were selected through available sampling. The research design was semi-experimental of pre- and post-test with control group. Regarding the research design, the sample volume was selected 30 people, 15 people were assigned in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group. The painting therapy program was performed in 8 sessions and each session lasted for 45 minutes. The research instruments included Toronto alexithymia questionnaire and emotional suppression questionnaire. The method of data analysis was MANCOVA. Findings showed that painting therapy is significantly effective on alexithymia. Also, the results showed that painting therapy is significantly effective on emotional suppression in female students.

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on the psychological flexibility and resilience in the patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population of the present study included IBS patients who referred to therapy centers and gastroenterologists in Esfahan in 2019. 27 IBS patients were selected through available sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight seventy-five-minute sessions of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness (Kabat-Zinn, 2003) during two months. The applied questionnaires included acceptance and practice questionnaire questionnaires (Bond et al, 2011) and resilience Questionnaire (Conner, Davidson, 2003). The data were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA and Bonferroni follow-up test. The results showed that the cognitive therapy based on mindfulness has significant effect on the psychological flexibility and resilience in IBS patients (P<0.001). According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness can be used as an efficient intervention to improve psychological flexibility and resilience in the patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome through employing techniques such as mindful attitudes, mindful activities, addressing problem-making feelings and emotions and breathing exercises.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based mindfulness on brain-behavioral systems and emotional regulation of opiate addicts. The research method was a pretest-posttest with control group and the statistical population included male addicted patients who referred to the Besharat Tabriz addiction treatment center during the winter of 2018. Among them, 30 who had inclusion criteria for the treatment plan were purposefully selected as sample and randomly assigned to two groups of 15 controls and experimental. Both groups responded initially to the behavioral inhibition and activation system of Carver and White (1994) and the emotional regulation of Gross and John (2003) questionnaires. The experimental group then participated in cognitive therapy based mindfulness sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention.. Then the questionnaires were re-completed by both groups. Finally, the data from the groups were prepared for analysis. The results of covariance analysis showed that cognitive therapy based mindfulness therapy increased behavioral inhibition rates and decreased behavioral activation scores. The results of covariance analysis showed that the mean of emotional regulation in the post-test in the experimental group was significantly increased compared to the control group. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that cognitive therapy based mindfulness therapy is effective on behavioral brain systems and emotional regulation of opiate addicts.

the present study is conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness-based parenthood intervention for mothers with self-compassion intervention for girls on mental welfare of teenage girls that have parent-child conflict. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. It also had control group and follow-up. The statistical population of the study consisted of teenage girls in their 14 and 15 years who were studying in public schools in district 14 of Tehran, in the school year 2021-22 (1399-1400) and their mothers. The sample of the study was 45 students who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into three groups. The first group involved 10 students' mothers who received mindfulness-based parenthood intervention, and the second group consisted of 12 students who received self-compassion intervention. Besides, the control group involved 12 students who didn’t receive any intervention. The interventions were provided in 8 sessions, each lasting 90 minutes. Students answered Keyes and Magyarmo Mental Well-Being Scale before, after, and 2 month after the intervention. The outcomes of the analysis of mix variance demonstrated that mindfulness-based parenthood intervention for mothers and self-compassion intervention for girls were significantly effective on mental well-being, compared to the control group (p≤ 0.001). self-compassion intervention was more effective and it maintained its stability during the follow-up stage. Therefore, this intervention can be used in school counseling environments so as to increase welfare, improve relationships, for adolescents who have conflict with their parents

The aim of the current research was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on test anxiety of students with a specific learning disability. The design of the research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all female students with specific learning disabilities in Tabriz who were selected by convenience sampling. In the same vein, the Acceptance and commitment therapy protocol was carried out in 8 sessions for the experimental group and the Spielberger, s test anxiety scales were used to collect the data in the pre-and post-test stages. Univariate analysis of covariance revealed that acceptance and commitment training reduces test anxiety among students with specific learning disabilities. Acceptance and commitment-based therapy helps subjects cope with test anxiety through psychological flexibility, psychological interaction with thoughts and feelings, and acceptance of unpleasant experiences. To achieve evidence-based practice, it is recommended to develop and implement an acceptance and commitment intervention program to reduce the test anxiety of other students with developmental disabilities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based parenting education on general health and its components (physical symptoms, insomnia and anxiety, depression and social dysfunction) in parents with a child with ADHD. - There was a lack of attention. For this purpose, a pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental design with a control group was used. The sample consisted of 30 parents of female elementary school students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups by purposive sampling. Both groups were assessed in the pretest using the Connors questionnaire along with clinical interview and general health questionnaire. Then, mindfulness-based parenting education program was applied to the experimental group for 8 sessions of 2 hours. Both groups were re-evaluated in the post-test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), multivariate analysis of covariance and showed that mindfulness-based parenting education led to a statistically significant difference (<0.01). p) Between the pre- and post-test stages in the general score of general health and all its components including physical symptoms, insomnia and anxiety, depression and social dysfunction. Considering the effectiveness of using mindfulness-based parenting program in increasing the general health of parents with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, teaching this program to reduce the stress of this group of people in the community is recommended.

The aim of the present study was the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on resilience, emotional ataxia and feelings of loneliness among female heads of households in Kermanshah.The research design of this study was quasi-experimental in the pre-test-post-test manner with a control group. The statistical population was made up of female heads of households in Kermanshah city. The research sample consisted of 40 female heads of households in Kermanshah city, who were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. In this way, among those who had the desire to participate in the intervention along with the criteria for entering the study, 40 people were selected according to the criteria for entering and exiting the study and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group. The experimental group of compassion-focused therapy and the control group did not receive any training. The research tools were resilience questionnaire (Connor & Davidson, 2003), Toronto emotional dyslexia questionnaire (Bagby, Parker & Taylor, 1994) and loneliness questionnaire (Asher, Hymel & Renshaw, 1984). Compassion-Focused therapy was implemented as a group for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and twice a week. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 with a probability value of 0.05. The results showed compassion-focused therapy compared to the control group, they have been significantly effective on the resilience, emotional ataxia, and loneliness of female heads of households.According to the research results, it can be said that this treatment method can be used in counseling and psychotherapy environments.

Marital boredom is one of the most important variables in marital relationships that makes marital life seriously challenged and if it continues, it can lead to divorce. Marital boredom can be influenced by the couple's emotional relationships and marital expectations. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of emotional cutoff between marital boredom with marital expectations and cognitive fusion in married women. The research method was correlational and structural equation model. The statistical population of the study was all married women with marital problems in Mashhad in 1399-1400, from which a sample of 295 people was selected by random cluster sampling. The instruments used in this study included Pines Marital Boredom Scale (1996), Omidvar et al. Marital Expectations (2009), Skowron differentiation of self Scale (2000) and Gilanders Cognitive Fusion Scale (2014). The results showed that the developed model had a good fit with the data. The results of structural relationships of the model showed that marital expectations and cognitive fusion have a direct effect on marital boredom. Also, emotional cutoff had a direct effect on marital boredom. The results of indirect relationships showed that marital expectations and cognitive fusion mediated by emotional cutoff have a significant effect on marital boredom. Based on the results of cognitive fusion and marital expectations mediated by emotional cutoff are effective on marital boredom. Therefore, by developing programs to reduce marital expectations and cognitive fusion and emotional cutoff in individuals, one can expect to reduce marital boredom in them.