ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICAL MODELING
Year:2016 | Volume:5 | Issue:2|Papers Count:6

In this paper, the growth of cancer tumor cells as a prototype problems in real life will be discussed. Several different cases of the net killing rate are taken into consideration. These patterns are including the cases where net killing rate of the cancer cells are dependent on the concentration of the cells. Our proposed approach which is introduced for these observation is based on a modification of fractional Laplace iterative transformations scheme. The fractional derivative is in the local fractional sense. The obtained results enables us to give some recommendations on the effects of modeling of the cancer tumor.

Bilevel programming is the model for hierarchical optimization problems in which there are two decision makers that have different objective functions, variables and constraints. Alves et al in [1], proposed a method for computing the Pareto frontier of bilevel linear problem with biobjective at the upper level and a single objective function at the lower level. In this paper, we extend their method for the situation in which there exists more than two objective function at both levels, and then by using a suitable exchange variable, we proposed a new method for computing the Pareto frontier of bilevel linear problem with fractional multi-objective at the upper level. Finally we will show the efficiency of the propsed approaches by solving a few numerical examples and comparing the results with other methods.

The aim of this study is to present a new symplectic integrator for the case of spatially varying velocity based on Leapfrog (L) and Rapid Expansion Methods (REM). First of all, approximation of the wave field at each time step has been considered using rapid expansion method. Then the wave equation is rewrite as Hamiltonian system. It can provide an accurate solution for the acoustic wave equation to simulate the wave field response at each time. After that, for much more accurate and stable solution to extrapolate the wave field and its derivative, a new formulation based on leapfrog and rapid expansion methods has been presented. The obtained results of simple model indicate that this new formulation provides a very high level of accuracy and stability for estimation of wave field response and its derivatives.

Regarding the importance of difficulties that made by accidents in the transportation between the cities, this paper presents a way for optimal budget allocation to improve disaster points of the Shiraz-Abadeh road for increasing its traffic safety. For this aim, two possible kinds of improvements (continuous and discrete) are considered and the problem is modeled as a mixed integer programming with continues and binary variables in which its aim is to obtain the optimal allocation and maximizes the reducing rate of accidents. Regarding the difficulties caused by high dimensionality of the problem, we present a new solution method based on the bender decomposition technique to illustrate the optimal allocation. First, the original problem is split into two smaller problems. Then, in an iterative procedure, in each iteration a new constraint is introduced and added to the problem. Thus, in each step, the current solution comes nearer to the optimal one; based on the existed theorem, after a finite number of iterations, the algorithm converges to the optimal solution.

In this paper, the preliminary test estimators for the location and scale parameters of the two-parameter exponential model are presented based on progressively Type II censored samples. The biases and mean squared errors of the proposed estimators are given. It is shown that the proposed estimators dominate the corresponding classical estimators in the neighborhood of null hypothesis. We also provide the range of the parameters for which the proposed estimators dominate the corresponding classical estimators for different sample sizes and level of significance. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the results.

In this paper, a mathematical model for studying HIV/AIDS dynamics is presented. Based on this model, the effects of contaminated needle sharing in addicted population on spread of HIV/AIDS is investigated. For this purpose, first, the effective reproduction number is obtained by using the next generation operator method. Then, the reproduction number is examined in two cases, one with sharing needles and the other one with not sharing needles. The optimal control problem is formulated by applying some controls on the disease model including use of non-shared and sterile needles, use of prevention methods, screening of unaware infectives and treating patients. Necessary conditions for optimal control is determined by using Pontryagin’s minimum principle. Finally, numerical results is obtained by the Runge–Kutta fourth-order method. The results show a significant difference in control of prevalence of disease between the cases applying and not applying control on the disease.