JOURNAL OF TORBAT HEYDARIYEH UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Year:2015 | Volume:3 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Background and Aim: Pain is a warning factor that appears either acute or chronic in possible dangers. The usage of herbal plants instead of synthetic drugs has been increased in recent years due to slight complications and variety of effective components. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Scrophularia striata Boiss. On the pain induced by hot plate test.Methods: In this study, 40 male mice (approximate weight of 25-30 g) were randomly selected and divided into five groups of 8 included a control group (receiving normal saline) and 4 treatment groups (receiving the extract doses of 150, 300, 600, 900 mg/kg). After 30 minutes of Intraperitoneal injection of different doses of extract in treatment groups and normal saline as solvent in control group, mice were immediately transferred to a special cage and the hot plate test was performed at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 minutes.Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of Scrophularia striata Boiss. Cause short-time analgesia in hot plate test as acute pain evaluation model in mice. As time elapsed, compared to the control group, no significant difference in the analgesic effect was observed.Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of Scrophularia striata Boiss has a strong and appropriate antinociceptive effect and can be a good alternative to analgesic drugs. It is recommended to use other pain and inflammation tests and different fractions of extract.

Background & aim: In past few decades, the reduction of fertility rate in the country is a major concern for planners and population politicians. Therefore, the factors affecting fertility behavior should be understood. This study aimed to determine the relationship between gender preferences, birth interval and sex composition on fertility behavior of females referring to health care centers in Torbat Heydariyeh.Methods: This is a descriptive/cross-sectional study conducted on 241 women in childbearing age in Torbat Heydariyeh in 2015. Data collection tools were Demographic information and fertility history Forms. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16; descriptive and analytical statistics.Results: Based on the results, there was significant association between fertility intention and number and sex composition of previous children and ideal sex composition of children (p<0.05) which means that, fertility intention decreases 0.25, 0.13, 0.15 times in women with more children, having children with both sexes and ideal sex composition with one or two boys, respectively (p<0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in the mean interval between marriage and first birth and the average interval between the first and second child according to the number of children (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the relation of the time interval of marriage and birth time of the first child, long interval between two births and different composition of children with fertility reduction and also lack of interest in childbearing, interventions and policies should be implemented to the direction of population growth.

Background & Aim: One of the most important ways of scientific promotion of congresses is to evaluate abstract of articles and getting feedback from them. This study aimed to evaluate abstract of articles presented in the nursing and midwifery congresses during 2010-2015 from different aspects.Methods: This is a descriptive/cross-sectional study which conducted on all abstracts presented in Nursing and Midwifery Congresses during 2010-2015. Data were studied through two tools including a standard tool of structural evaluation of abstracts for clinical trials, case study and review studies and also a checklist for conformity of abstracts with announced axis of each congress.Results: Among 812 abstracts examined in the study, 87% of them were clinical trials and the rest were case study and review articles. 98% of the abstracts of congresses held in the last two years were consistent with the guidelines. In 79 percent of the case study abstracts, the time of the study was unclear and in 82% of clinical trials, the number of missing samples was not mentioned. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further researches were not mentioned in 98% of the abstracts.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that although structure of abstracts in Nursing and Midwifery congresses in recent years is closed to the standard structure, there is still lot of problems regarding the scientific writing of abstracts which required further attention of authorities of Nursing and Midwifery Congresses to the standard and international structure of scientific writing of abstracts.

Background & Aim: Stigma is one of the most challenging psychosocial burdens among family caregivers of patients with mental disorders; especially schizophrenia. In Iran, despite the cultural and social impacts, this issue has been less studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the stigma level in the family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in Ibn-Sina Psychiatric Hospital of Mashhad.Method: This descriptive/cross-sectional study was performed on 300 family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in Ibn-Sina psychiatric hospital in Mashhad (2014-2015) through convenient sampling. The data collection tool was a modified version of Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 and descriptive statistics.Results: In total, 70.4 percent of family caregivers were female with mean age of 48.4±14.8 years. The mean score of total stigma was 42.6±9.2 (of 68 points) in family’s caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The highest average was related to social withdrawal subscale (12.4±3.3) and the lowest average was related to alienation subscale (9.8±3.0).Conclusion: Due to the relatively high level of stigma in family's caregivers of the present study, it is necessary to pay more attention to this issue. In addition, it is recommended to make society aware of how to behave appropriately with these patients and their families through media and health care centers.

Background & Aim: Gestational diabetes could have harmful consequences on Children’s health. Since the initiation of gestational diabetes is simultaneous with brain evolution, this study is designed to predict evolutionary growth in children of mothers with gestational diabetes.Methods: In this study, the required data were obtained through investigating the profiles of pregnant women referring to Mashhad’s health centers during 2011 to 2013. The data collection tool was child’s periodical examination form. The data were predicted using memory based learning algorithms, decision tree, and demographic features of mother.Results: The accuracy of prediction of children's cognitive ability status for three groups of healthy mothers (92), mothers suffering from gestational diabetes (83), and both groups (175) were separately evaluated through decision tree learning algorithms based on memory with three precision, recall and F-measure criteria. Memory based learning algorithm showed better results than decision tree in all cases.Conclusion: Since growth delay in the cognitive-intellectual ability of child imposes high costs to health care system in the future, preventive measures should be adopted by prediction of the level of child's cognitive skill in prenatal stage to avoid probable problems.

Background & Aim: Cyberchondria is a form of anxiety characterized by excessive health- related internet search. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factorial structure of the Persian version of the Cyberchondria severity scale, designed to measure individuals' anxiety about their own health status caused by excessive health- related internet search.Methods: This is a descriptive /analytical study conducted on 228 students (154 males and 74 females) of Tabriz universities (Tabriz University, Payame Noor) through convenience sampling. Subjects completed the Cyberchondria severity scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 22 and Mplus 6.12 softwares.Results: Although exploratory factor analysis identified a five-factor structure, further investigations showed that the four-factor structure is probably more suitable for Iranian population. The four discovered factors were named as: Compulsion, Excessiveness, Reassurance and Distress. In addition, the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor structure well fitted the data.Conclusion: Findings suggest that the Persian version of the Cyberchondria severity scale is an appropriate tool to measure the severity of health anxiety caused by excessive health-related internet search. However, further research should be carried out in this field.

Background & aim: Health-promotion lifestyle is a valuable agent to promote life quality. In health system, health volunteers play an undeniable role in the development of health behaviors in society; therefore, pay attention to health status is very important. This study was conducted to investigate the health-promotion lifestyle among health volunteers.Methods: This is a descriptive/analytical study carried out on 191 health volunteers of health care center No.3 in Mashhad based on inclusion criteria through convenience sampling in 2015. Data collection tools include two demographic information and health-promotion lifestyle questionnaires. The validity of tools and reliability of life style questionnaire were confirmed through content validity and Cronbach's alpha (a= 0.87) methods, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and descriptive and analytical statistics.Results: The age mean of subjects was 39.8±8.5. The mean score of health-promoting lifestyle of health volunteers was 129.9±13.6. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between lifestyle and family size, monthly income and level of education in volunteers (p<0.001).Conclusion: Health-promoting lifestyle of health volunteers is in moderate to low level. Therefore, regarding their crucial role in the development of health-promoting behaviors in society, it is recommended to implement educational interventions to promote health volunteers lifestyle.

Background and Aim: Qualitative and quantitative researches are conducted through different approaches. Each of them has their own specific philosophical basis. Due to the advent of the critical realism philosophy, this study aimed to discuss the critical realism as a philosophical perspective in nursing and health system researches.Materials: In this study, the data were collected through PubMed ،Wiley, Science Direct ،Ovid and Google Scholar databases using realism, critical realism, philosophical perspective, health and nursing as keywords.Results: Critical realism as a philosophical orientation and as a research methodology leads to conduct valid researches to improve health system. In addition, it leads to a better understanding of personal, social-background and organizational factors and the interactions among them. Different subjects were considered in reviewing literatures including critical realism as a moderate philosophical perspective, its perspective to the realism and idealism, critical realism principals, its approach toward research methodology and the role of critical realism in nursing and health system.Conclusion: To promote the quality of nursing cares, critical realism can be a suitable guide for nursing researches to a better understanding of activities and interactions of nurses and its relationship with health system structures and its mutual effect. According to these results, corrective measures should be planned and implemented.