Herbal Medicines Journal
Year:2022 | Volume:7 | Issue:1|Papers Count:5

Background and Aim: Hyssopus officinalis L. belonging to the family Lamiaceaeis a perennial herb known as a culinary and medicinal herb. This study was conducted to investigate the compatibility of culture and the effect of drought on the growth and essential oil compounds of hyssop in Lorestan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this study, we first evaluated the ability of hyssop plant with regard to adaption and establishment in Aligudarz region in Lorestan province. Then, hyssop was cultivated in irrigated and nonirrigated (dryland) conditions, and their essential oil changes were investigated. Results: The results of the present study showed that the fresh and dry weight of established plants was 10590 and 3780 kg. ha-1 respectively, which indicates the compatibility of hyssop plants in Aligudarz region. Moreover, the results showed that 95. 8% of essential oil composition was determined in irrigated conditions that the highest amount of which was related to Isocamfopinone with 34. 2%. Furthermore, the percentage of compounds such as Trans-pinocamphone (19%), Thymol (28. 8%), Ortho-menth-8-ene-4-methanol (6. 86%), ß, –, pinene (6. 35%), Myrtenol (4. 18%) and Pinocarvone (3. 84%) had the highest amount of essential oil composition compared to other essential oil compounds. In dryland conditions, about 97. 39% of the total essential oil compositions were identified. Also, it was found that the highest amount of these compounds was related to Isocamphopinone (38. 63%). Conclusion: It was found in this study that irrigated and dryland conditions had different effects on the essential oil compounds of the hyssop medicinal plant so that in both conditions some compounds increased and others decreased, and some were constant. Moreover, depending on the production goal, hyssop can be cultivated in each of these conditions.

Background and Aim: Melissa officinalis L. is a medicinal herb with antibacterial properties. This research was carried out to investigate the effects of the foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and chitosan (Ch. ) on ethanolic extracts components and antibacterial activity of M. officinalisL. in the flowering stage. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activities of the ethanol extracts were investigated using the agar dilution method, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration against five bacteria, i. e., S. aurous, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. enterica and P. mirabilis. Results: The major components were citronellal, Z-Citral, E-Citral, caryophyllene oxide, caryophyllene, linalool, carvacrol, α,-Pinene and geraniol. The result showed that distinct concentration of Ch. and SA had remarkable effects on the chemical constituents of M. officinalis L. extract. All the examined bacteria were sensitive to the extracts of M. officinalis L. and antimicrobial activities of extracts against the examined bacteria depending on the concentration of the foliar application. The highest and lowest diameters of inhibition zones of the plant extracts were on S. aurous and P. mirabilis respectively. The MIC values of the extracts ranged from 78. 25 ppm to 1250 ppm, whereas the MBC values ranged from 156. 5 ppm to 1250 ppm. Conclusion: S. aurous and E. coli were the most sensitive bacteria in Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria respectively. It was also observed that Ch. treatments were more effective on Gram-negative bacteria, while SA treatments were more influential on Gram-positive bacteria.

Background and Aim: There are more than one hundred species of Lycium (Solanaceae) in the arid and semiarid regions of the world. These drought-resistant medicinal plants have several applications in traditional medicine and modern pharmacy. The fruits of these plants contain vitamins A, E, and C, flavonoids, and other valuable biological compounds. In the present study, the amounts and types of fatty acids in the fruit pulp of Lycium species have been determined. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected from natural habitats in Iran. Cold methylation and gas chromatography were used to extract fatty acids. By examining the drawn curves, fatty acids were identified. The significance of the quantitative results was assessed by a one-way analysis of variance. Results: A total of 22 major fatty acids were observed in the fruit pulps of Lycium species. The highest diversity of fatty acids was observed in L. kopetdaghi. In 4 species of L. shawii, L. edgeworthii, L. ruthenicum, and L. depressum, cis-linoleic is the major and abundant fatty acid, and only in L. kopetdaghi, the palmitic acid is more abundant. Conclusion: The findings of the present study are in agreement with previous research. Due to the composition of valuable fatty acids in Lycium species, further research is recommended for its application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

The genus Artemisia occupies an important place in the rich plant biodiversity of Kashmir Himalayas. Being endemic to Kashmir Himalaya, Artemisia amygdalina is used as medicine to treat various diseases. This plant species has been used in folk medicine in the treatment of a number of diseases, including epilepsy, piles, nervous disorders, cough, cold, fever, and pain since ages. Significant progress has been made in phytochemical and biological investigations of Artemisia during the past few years. However, a detailed and critical review of A. amygdalina, which is an important endemic medicinal plant species, is not available. It is in this backdrop that a comprehensive and critical review of this plant species has been compiled. Relevant literature regarding Artemisia amygdalina was retrieved from databases like Web of Science, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Springer, PubMed, SciFinder, and Science Direct. Moreover, we collected data from classic books, unpublished materials and papers on this plant species. Artemisia amygdalina are widely utilized in the treatment of illnesses such as malaria, hepatitis, cancer, inflammation and infections by fungi, bacteria and viruses. This species is rich in bioactive compounds like alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, p-cymene, 1, 8-cineole, phenolics, tannins (polyphenolics), steroids, etc. These secondary metabolites attribute remedial properties to the species. This review article was written to provide readers with up-to-date information on the active components, pharmacology, traditional uses, trade and difficulties in the conservation and sustainable use of this significant plant species.

Background and Aim: Herbs Carissa spinarum, Physalis minima and Toddalia asiati are used in the treatments of certain ailments in Kisii and Nyamira Counties region, Kenya but few studies have been conducted on the quality, efficacy and safety of using various parts of these herbs for these treatments. The principal aim of the present study was to standardize the three herbs of interest. This research was carried out to evaluate the total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents in the methanolic extract of whole plant Physalis minima, and leaves as wells roots of Carissa spinarum and Toddalia asiatica. Materials and Methods: Each part of the herb was extracted by soaking in methanol/dichloromethane in ratio 1: 1for seven days. Subsequently, it was filtered and concentrated by rotary vapor, and then the solvent allowed to escape and be solidified. The same process was repeated three times in all samples. Determination of the total phenolic content (mgGAE/g) was done by Folin-Ciocalteu on 765 nm using a spectrophotometer. The total flavonoid content (mgQE/g) was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay on 415 nm. Total tannin content (mgCE/g) was analyzed by modified vanillin assay. Results: The highest and lowest levels of total phenolic content were observed in the roots of Toddalia asiatica and Carissa spinarum respectively. The highest and lowest levels of total flavonoid content were observed in Physalis minima and in the root of Carissa spinarum respectively. The highest and lowest levels of total tannin content were observed in the leaf extract of Toddalia asiatica and root extract of Carissa spinarum respectively. Conclusion: The highest total phenolic content was observed in the root extract of Toddalia asiatica. The highest total flavonoid content was observed in the extract of whole plant Physalis minima, while the highest total tannin content was observed in the leaf extract of Toddalia asiatica.