Advanced Biomedical Research
Year:2022 | Volume:11 | Issue:-|Papers Count:7

Background: Patient management after bariatric surgery is important in controlling patients’,diabetes and recurrence prevention. This study aimed to meet the medical managements of patients with diabetes 6 months after the bariatric surgery. Materials and Methods: This cross‑, sectional study was performed on 77 type 2 diabetes patients’,candidates for bariatric surgery (Roux‑, en‑, Y [RYGP] and Omega). Postoperative implementation protocol was one‑, third of insulin for patients taking long‑, term insulin and the discontinuation of medications for patients of oral antidiabetic agents. Blood glucose (BG) level was checked regularly by the patients at home and the necessary medical management was applied. The weight, BG and HbA1C levels, and use of oral antidiabetic agents and insulin were assessed and recorded before 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery. Results: BG levels and HbA1C percentage in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months after the intervention in Omega group were significantly lower than RYGB group (P value < 0. 05). At 1 and 3 months after surgery, the mean insulin dose received by the Omega and RYGB groups was reduced to <30 units/day and 10 units/day, respectively, following the management protocol in this study. Moreover, 23. 1% and 7. 7% of patients in RYGB group and 12. 1% and 3% of patients in Omega group took oral antidiabetic agents 1and 3 months after surgery, respectively. Insulin and oral antidiabetic agents were completely discontinued 6 months after the surgery. Conclusion: The long‑, term management and support of the patients by the implementation of a standard protocol after surgery are of great significance in obtaining the optimal outcome after bariatric surgery.

Background: Migraine, one of the most common headaches in children, has a significant impact on children and their family’, s quality of life (QoL). There are two approaches for controlling migraine headaches preventative and controlling acute attacks. Several drugs have been used for this purpose, and tricyclic antidepressants were at the top. Amitriptyline has shown not only a desirable effect on controlling the headaches but also some adverse side effects. Recently, finding effective drugs with fewer side effects, become more critical. Among them, nutraceuticals were one of the promising ones. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial on 72 patients aged 5–, 15 years old with diagnosis of migraine based on the International Headache Society criteria, we compare the effectiveness of coenzyme Qten on frequency, duration, and severity of childhood migraine. For comparing the QoL, we used the International PedMIDAS questionnaire. Results: Coenzyme Qten showed good therapeutic effects in children, especially in long‑, term use,however, amitriptyline showed more rapid response. After 3 months of treatment, clinical outcomes in the two groups did not significantly differ from each other. Similarly, Children’, s QoL increased in the same way. There are more reported side effects in children using amitriptyline compared to coenzyme Qten. Conclusions: According to results, Co‑, enzyme Q10, with fewer side effects and comparable therapeutic effects, especially in the long term, could be a good drug for prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches.

Background: Nausea and vomiting is a common complication after gynecological surgeries, especially laparoscopy, which can lead to discomfort and restlessness in the patients. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of ondansetron–, dexamethasone and metoclopramide–, dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting following gynecological laparoscopy. Materials and Methods: In this double‑, blind clinical trial, 68 females scheduled for gynecological laparoscopy and age range of 18–, 40 years were randomly divided into two groups. Group OD received ondansetron 4 mg plus dexamethasone 8 mg and group MD received metoclopramide 10 mg plus dexamethasone 8 mg, 15 min before the end of surgery. The incidence of nausea and vomiting and need for rescue medication was assessed during the recovery period, as well as at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery. The data were analyzed using STATA software version 12 and a significance level of <0. 05 was considered in this research. Results: The incidence of nausea in ondansetron and metoclopramide groups was 23. 3% and 33. 3%, respectively, and the frequency of vomiting was 10% and 16. 6%, respectively, which showed no significant difference (P > 0. 05). The highest incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients belonged to the metoclopramide group inside 4–, 6 h after surgery. Conclusion: Our study showed that no significant difference was observed in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between ondansetron–, dexamethasone and metoclopramide–, dexamethasone groups following laparoscopic gynecological surgery, however, the number of patients with nausea and vomiting was lower in the ondansetron–, dexamethasone group.

Background: Diabetes mellitus patients are more likely to undergo nontraumatic foot or leg amputations because they have decreased circulation to the feet or reduced sensation. This condition may cause ulcerations, infections, and delayed wound healing, leading to amputations. Adequate knowledge and practices regarding foot care will be vital in the prevention of diabetic foot complications. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and practices of foot care among diabetes mellitus patients attending a rural primary health center in Belagavi‑, South India. Materials and Methods: A cross‑, sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of J. N. Medical College, Belagavi, for 7 months (November 2019 to May 2020). A pretested questionnaire was administered to 461 diabetes patients attending the health center. A written informed consent was obtained from each participant. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of 15 “, yes”,or “, no”,questions, each on foot care knowledge and practice. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 50. 28 ±,9. 48 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 10. 69 ±,7. 09 years. Majority, i. e., 296 (64. 2%) participants showed satisfactory knowledge and 293 (63. 6%) showed satisfactory practice. Only 97 (21%) had poor knowledge, 90 (19. 5%) had poor practice, 68 (14. 8%) patients had good knowledge, and 78 (16. 9%) had good practice about diabetic foot care. Conclusions: The low level of knowledge and practice in patients with diabetes regarding foot care necessitates an educational program to increase awareness related to foot complications of diabetes, thereby motivating diabetic patients to incorporate foot care practices in their day‑, to‑, day routine.

Background: The current study aims to assess the effects of the large simple renal cyst (SRC) surgery on renal function for the first time. Materials and Methods: This case‑, series study included 22 patients with larger than 50 mm single SRC who underwent laparoscopic cyst unroofing surgery. Twenty‑, four‑, hour urinary protein, creatinine, and volume along with plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured in patients before and 1 month after surgery. Patients underwent abdominopelvic computed tomography‑, scan without contrast and parenchymal thickness diameter adjacent to the cyst was measured before and after surgery. Results: Mean age and weight of patients were 52. 2 ±,8. 9 years and 77 ±,10. 9 akg, respectively. There was no significant difference between plasma creatinine and GFR before and after surgery (P = 0. 25 and 0. 37, respectively). Twenty‑, four‑, hour urinary volume, creatinine, and protein before and after surgery revealed no significant changes (P = 0. 37, 0. 08, and 0. 31, respectively). The mean improvement of parenchymal thickness diameter after surgery was 10. 4 ±,0. 7 mm which was statistically significant (P = 0. 001). However, it was not correlated with the mean estimated GFR change (r = 0. 349, P = 0. 13). Conclusions: Although laparoscopic unroofing of renal cyst recovered renal parenchymal thickness noticeably, it did not improve renal function significantly, therefore, the latter factor lonely should not be considered a reason for surgery decision. Observation can be chosen as a safe treatment strategy in large SRCs without concern about renal function.

Background: The assessment of the emotional consequences of having a spinal deformity and orthotic management in people with idiopathic scoliosis is essential. This study was aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Bad Sobernheim Stress questionnaire (BSSQ‑, Brace) for Iranian adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis using thoracolumbar orthoses. Materials and Methods: The BSSQ was translated into Persian according to a standard guideline. The Persian BSSQ‑, Brace was completed by 55 Iranian subjects with spinal deformities who agreed to participate in this research. The validity was determined by correlating the Persian BSSQ‑, Brace questionnaire (BrQ) and the revised Scoliosis Research Society‑, 22 patient questionnaire (SRS‑, 22r). To assess test‑, retest reliability, all participants completed the BSSQ‑, Brace twice, with a gap of 1‑, week. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach’, s alpha were measured to report reliability. Results: All population revealed items in the Persian BSSQ‑, Brace were easily understood, and there was no difficulty completing them. The psychometric properties of the Persian version of BSSQ‑, Brace demonstrated excellent test‑, retest reliability (interclass correlation coefficient = 0. 94), excellent internal consistency (Chronbach’, s alpha = 0. 94), and high construct validity with SRS‑, 22r (r = 0. 74). Conclusions: The Persian BSSQ‑, Brace is a reliable and valid instrument to assess the emotional domains in subjects wearing a spinal orthosis.

Background: The present study investigated the prevalence of illness anxiety disorder and its relationship with social health in the elderly population. Materials and Methods: This cross‑, sectional study was conducted on 400 elderly people in Isfahan referred to the educational health service in 2020. In addition to demographic characteristics, they answered the 36‑, item Evans hypochondriasis questionnaire and the 28‑, item social health questionnaire. Results: Four hundred elderly participants with a mean age of 68. 1 ±,6. 6 (range: 60–, 89) were included in the study. One hundred and ninety‑, nine (49. 8%) were female and 201 (50. 3%) were male. Only 24. 3% of the geriatrics were in the healthy group and 21. 2% in the borderline category. Seventy‑, two of the geriatric population (18%) had poor social health and 299 of this population (74. 8%) had moderate social health, and the social health status of 29 elderlies (7. 3%) was favorable. There was an inverse relationship between hypochondriasis score and total social health score and its dimensions (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: High prevalence of hypochondriasis was observed in the geriatrics compared to global studies. Most of the elderly population had moderate social health. Gender and education do not affect hypochondriasis and social health in the elderly. People with higher social health scores were clearly less likely to get hypochondriasis. Therefore, by improving the various dimensions of social health of the geriatrics, we can help reduce the prevalence of hypochondriasis in this age group.