RAZAVI INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
Year:2022 | Volume:10 | Issue:2|Papers Count:17

Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment and, which despite being asymptomatic, leads to fatal complaints and complications. Objective: The goal of this study was to see how stress immunization affected women with hypertension's resilience, angry rumination, and perceived stress. Methods: The pretest-posttest control group design was used in this quasi-experimental investigation. This study's statistical population included all hypertensive women in Tehran, in 2019. The samples (n=30) were randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15) using a convenience sampling procedure. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Anger Rumination Questionnaire (2001), Perceived Stress Scale (1983), and a blood pressure monitor were used to obtain the necessary data. The data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software (version 22). Results: Stress immunization improved resilience (P<0. 001), angry rumination (P<0. 001), and perceived stress (P<0. 001) in women with hypertension, according to the findings. Conclusion: Stress immunization increased resilience and reduced anger rumination and perceived stress in women with hypertension, according to the findings.

Background: It is necessary to help people with diabetes to solve the problems related to diabetes, recognizing the factors affecting their hope, psychological well-being, and quality of life that can be improved by using different approaches. Objectives: This study aimed to determine health-promoting lifestyle education on psychological well-being, hope, and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental study was pre-test-post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of the study includes patients with type 2 diabetes referred to medical centers and diabetes associations in Tehran. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned to two groups of health-promoting lifestyle training (n=15) and control group (n=15) using simple randomization method. Data were obtained using the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (RSPWB), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Snyder Hope Scale (SHS). The health-promoting lifestyle training was performed in 10 sessions (one session per week) for 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using the time seriese method and SPSS. 22 software. Results: The results showed that health-promoting lifestyle education is effective on psychological well-being (p<0. 001), hope (p<0. 001), and quality of life (p<0. 001) in patients with diabetes. Conclusion: According to results, it can be said that health-promoting lifestyle education is effective on psychological well-being, hope, and quality of life in patients with diabetes.

Background: A woman and even a man refuse legal separation due to its consequences, but they adopt a psychological mechanism called emotional divorce in living together. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of psychological disorders, explanatory components of extramarital affairs, job satisfaction, and personality traits on emotional divorce in male and female physicians. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The research sample included 200 married physicians (male and female) aged 30 to 45 years living in Zanjan. Data were collected by SCL25 questionnaire (short form of SCL90 questionnaire), Glass’, s inter-relationship justification questionnaire, job satisfaction questionnaire, emotional divorce questionnaire, and NEO-FFI questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression. Results: Based on the findings, it can be stated that psychological disorders, explanatory components of extramarital affairs, job satisfaction, and personality traits directly or indirectly affect the rate of emotional divorce. Conclusion: It is suggested that future researchers use implicit measurement models to assess extramarital affairs and emotional divorce due to the sensitivity of measuring these variables to counteract the limitations of the validity of the findings.

Melanoma is a malignant tumor that predominantly arises in the skin. In rare cases, however, it can manifest in the bone too. In this paper, a primary malignant melanoma of the lesser trochanter of the right femur is described. In this case, the subject was a 19-year-old woman presenting with pelvic floor pain that lasted for 3 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that T2MRI has bone melanoma soft tissue edema that sustained to malignant melanoma. Immunohistochemistry report revealed that tumoral cells were positive for HMB45, S100, which is suggestive of melanoma diagnosis. The patient was admitted and underwent CNB. Since the result was negative, the patient received a wide local excision from the right lesser trochanter. The histopathological examination of biopsy revealed fibro sclerotic tissue affected by malignant melanoma. The patient was then referred to an oncologist for postoperative adjust chemotherapy and target therapy.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of chronic disease in women. The mental health and stability of the women are highly significant due to their family roles and employment responsibility in society. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and compassion-focused therapy in promoting self-worth and psychological well-being in breast cancer patients. Method: The present study was quasi-experimental conducted on a control group with pretest-posttest designs. The statistical population was selected by convenience sampling which included 45 women with breast cancer who were referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2018. Psychological Wellbeing Questionnaire (1980), and self-worth questionnaire Cracker et al. (2003) for collecting data. Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance by spss. 22. Results: There is a significant difference between the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and compassion-focused therapy on psychological well-being (P<0. 01), and self-worth (P<0. 01). Positive psychotherapy was more effective than compassion-focused therapy on psychological well-being and self-worth. Conclusion: Positive psychotherapy is more effective than compassion-focused therapy due to providing more appropriate conditions for women's health. Strengthening and developing positive psychotherapy in chronic patients such as cancer is a positive step towards success that needs to be given more attention by the health authorities.

Background: Adolescence is a part of human life during which people face a set of transformational obstacles and challenges. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of positive therapy on self-harm thoughts and psychological well-being in students with dissolved romantic relationships. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest control group design and follow-up. The statistical population (n=587) consisted of patients referring to the counseling centers in Sari city, Iran, among which 30 students with dissolved romantic relationships were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants completed the Self-Harm Inventory and the Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale in three stages, namely pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group received 8 sessions of positive psychotherapy, whereas the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 22 software using the repeated measures analysis method. Results: In the experimental group, the mean of self-harm thoughts decreased from 18. 53±, 1. 95 in the pre-test to 8. 00±, 1. 64 in the post-test. Moreover, in the experimental group, the mean of psychological well-being increased from 43. 60±, 12. 45 in the pre-test to 97. 13±, 8. 14 in the post-test. However, in the control group, the means of psychological well-being were obtained at 40. 80±, 11. 26 in the pre-test and 40. 80±, 11. 30 in the post-test, which was not different. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that positive psychotherapy reduced self-harm and suicidal thoughts and increased psychological well-being in students with dissolved romantic relationships.

Background: Self-care activities exert a dramatic impact on the physical and mental performance of diabetic patients. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in diabetes self-management and HbA1C level in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: A multi-group pretest-posttest control group design was used in this quasi-experimental investigation. The statistical population of the study consisted of 25-55 years old diabetic patients referred to one of the health centers in Ghaemshahr in 2020, among whom 30 subjects were selected by purposeful sampling method and assigned to two groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy (n=15) and control group (n=15). Data were obtained using Tobert and Glasgow Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (2002), and glycosylated hemoglobin test (HbA1c). Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: The results demonstrated that the cognitive-behavioral group had a significant effect on diabetes self-management and hypoglycemia (P<0. 001). Moreover, the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in diabetes self-management and HbA1C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes remained stable three months after the intervention. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the effective of cognitive-behavioral therapy in diabetes self-management and HbA1C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes has been confirmed.

Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the macular thickness and vasculature changes with a readily accessible method of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy individuals. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 at Ibn-e-Sina Psychiatric Educational Hospital of Mashhad. Twenty-Two cases of schizophrenia treated with risperidone and 22 age-matched healthy individuals participated in the study. The severity of the disease was assessed using the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) test. All participants underwent complete ophthalmic examination and OCTA imaging. Results: There was a statistically significant difference for fovea full-thickness (P=0. 021) and parafovea full retinal thickness (P=0. 029) between schizophrenic and healthy subjects. Fovea full retinal thickness, parafovea full retinal thickness, Fovea vessel density, and parafovea vessel density were significantly lower in markedly ill schizophrenia patients than the moderately ill subgroup (P=0. 027, P=0. 017, P=0. 034, P=0. 015). Conclusion: In the present study, retinal neural and vascular tissues could be used as a research model in schizophrenia. Foveal and parafoveal thickness was significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia than that of healthy subjects, but it does not necessarily mean that there is a degenerative process in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders are a class of medical patients that are characterized by unknown causes, questionable diagnostic queens, long-term and unpredictable periods of sickness, and possible drug effects. Objectives: The goal of this study was to see if rational-emotional-behavioral group therapy could help patients with irritable bowel syndrome with experience avoidance and emotional expression. Methods: The current study was a semi-experimental study with a control group and pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. All patients with irritable bowel syndrome referred to medical centers in Babol in 2019 were included in the statistical population of this study, and 30 patients with irritable bowel syndrome volunteered to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n=15) and a control group (n=15). Data were obtained using Peacock and Long Questionnaire (1990), Bund et al. Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (2007), and King's and Owens' Emotional Expression Questionnaire (1990) in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. The rational-emotional-behavioral group training protocol was performed in 12 sessions (one session per week) for 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance method and the above statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. 22 software. The significance level of the tests was considered 0. 05. Results: The results showed that rational, emotional-behavioral therapy was effective on decreasing experiential avoidance (P<0. 001) and increasing emotional expression (P<0. 001) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Conclusion: It can be said that rational-emotional-behavioral group therapy was effective on experiential avoidance and emotional expression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Rational-emotional-behavioral group therapy can be used to reduce psychological problems in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Asthma is one of the inflammatory and chronic respiratory diseases associated with clinical symptoms of wheezing, coughing, and dyspnea. Objective: The present study investigated the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between perceived stress and social support with self-care among asthmatic patients. Methods: This correlational study was conducted using structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all asthmatic patients referring to the asthma clinic of Sayyad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan, Iran, 2021. According to the observed variables (75 questions), 375 individuals were considered that were selected by the convenience sampling method. In the end, 368 complete questionnaires were analyzed. The research instruments were Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (2003), Standard Perceived Stress Scale (1983), Perceived Social Support Scale (1988), and Self-Care Behaviors Questionnaire (2001). The collected data were analyzed in AMOS. 22 and SPSS. 22 software using the path analysis method. Results: The results of model analysis using fit indicators showed that the final model modified with the data had a good fit (root mean square error of approximation=0. 069, goodness-of-fit index=0. 91). Furthermore, the results of mediating role showed that resilience had a significant mediating role in the relationship between social support and perceived stress with self-care among asthmatic patients (P<0. 01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that resilience had a mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and social support with self-care among asthmatic patients.

Background: Female victims of domestic violence are not in a favorable situation in terms of psychological and emotional components. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral (CBT) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) therapies in psychological well-being in married female victims of domestic violence. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest control group design with a follow-up period. The statistical population included all female victims of domestic violence who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2019, among whom 60 subjects were selected by purposive sampling and allocated to three groups (n=20 in each group). Haj-Yahia's Questionnaire of Violence against Women and Ryff’, s Psychological Well-being Scale (1989) were used to collect the needed data. The experimental groups underwent CBT (8 sessions of 90 minutes) and EFT (8 sessions of 90 minutes). Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The results pointed out that both CBT and EFT were effective in increasing psychological well-being in married female victims of domestic violence (P<0. 005) and this effect was lasting over time. Nonetheless, there was no significant difference between these two methods in terms of increasing psychological well-being in married female victims of domestic violence. Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral (CBT) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) therapies on psychological well-being in married female victims of domestic violence, it is recommended that psychologists, therapists, and counselors, after undergoing the necessary training, use these therapies to Reduce the psychological problems of this vulnerable group.

Background: Infertility is associated with feelings of lack of sexual self-efficacy, decreased self-confidence, and self-confidence in sexual function. Objectives: This study aimed to predict mental health based on sexual self-efficacy and time perspective in infertile women. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The study population of infertile Iranian women referred to centers and hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences whose age was between 20-40 years old which 300 people were selected by convenience sampling method. The research tools included Time Perspective Questionnaire (1991), Sexual Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and Mental Health Questionnaire (2012), and a multiple regression test was used to analyze the data by SPSS. 22. Results: The results showed that with increasing scores in sexual self-efficacy and dimensions of positive past time perspective, hedonistic present, and positive future, mental health increased (P<0. 001), but with an increasing score in the dimensions of past time perspective negative and present judicial and somewhat, mental health decreased. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that sexual self-efficacy and perspective dimensions of time can predict mental health in infertile women.

Background: Academic performance is a very essential criterion for the evaluation of students. Objectives: Present study aimed at assessment of mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies in the maladjustive perfectionism and academic performance relationship. Methods: Descriptive-correlational design was the basis of this work. Our statistical population included every high school student in Kashan over the academic year 2019-20. The participants consisted of 329 2nd grade high schools students in Kashan selected by multi-stage random sampling. For data gathering, students' last semester grade point average was used to assess academic performance. The research instruments were Hill Perfectionism Questionnaire (2004) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001). The data was analyzed in platform of SPSS. 22 and AMOS. 23 software packages according to mean, standard deviation, Pearson’, s correlation coefficient, and path analysis. Results: A significant negative correlation was depicted between academic performance and maladjustive perfectionism (r=-0. 15,P<0. 01), as well as maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy (r=-0. 18,P<0. 01). The maladjustive perfectionism’, s overall impact on academic performance was also reported significant (β, =-0. 15,P<0. 05), while the direct effect of maladjustive perfectionism on academic performance was insignificant. Maladaptive CER strategies mediated the relationship between maladjustive perfectionism and academic performance (β, =-0. 077,P= 0. 39) (AGFI=. 93,RMSEA=. 06) Conclusion: It can be concluded that maladaptive strategies of cognitive regulation are influenced by maladjustive perfectionism, and maladaptive strategies of CER can play a mediating role in the relationship between maladjustive perfectionism and academic performance.

Background: Pre-match anxiety and its effect on the psychological states and motor skills of athletes is one of the heated topics raised in sports psychology. It is recognized as a major factor affecting athletes' performance, especially at championship levels. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of guided mental imagery training in the improvement of reaction time and reduction of competitive state anxiety in karate athletes. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was of pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all karate athletes in Tehran in 2019. The participants were selected via the convenient sampling method and assigned to the guided mental imagery group (n=15) and control group (n=15) using a simple randomization method. In this study, data were obtained using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (1990) and a reaction time meter. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using repeated measures of analysis of variance. Results: Based on the results, guided mental imagery training exerted positive effects on the improvement of reaction time (P<0. 001) and reduction of competitive state anxiety (P<0. 001) in karate athletes. Conclusion: It can be concluded that guided mental imagery training effectively improves reaction time and reduces competitive state anxiety in karate athletes. This training can be used to resolve the psychological problems presented to karate athletes.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with emotional, motivational, cognitive, behavioral, and biological symptoms. Depressed people have negative emotional experiences and are usually unhappy, frustrated, distressed, impatient, and discouraged. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on emotional, cognitive, motivational, and biological symptoms of major depressive disorder. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental research with pretest, posttest, and follow-up design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all clients referred to the beautiful mind counseling center in Bojnourd in 2019-20, among which 30 people were selected using purposeful sampling method and were assigned to two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Data were obtained from a researcher-made depression questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance and SPSS software (version 24). Results: The results indicated that emotion-focused couple therapy was effective in reducing emotional symptoms (P<0. 01), cognitive (P<0. 01), motivational (P<0. 01), and biological symptoms (P<0. 01) of major depressive disorder. Conclusion: It can be concluded that emotion-focused couple therapy is effective in reducing emotional, cognitive, motivational, and biological symptoms of people with major depressive disorder and this treatment can be used to improve the problems of depressed individuals.

Background: the Psychological and family factors play a critical important role in the emergenceoccurrence or prevention of addictive behaviors. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the role of family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation in making a distinction between smokering and non-smokering students inof Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Methods: This case-control study was done on students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in the academic year 2019. Among this population, 95 smoker and 95 non-smoker students were selected as the research sample using the available sampling method. Regarding the research instruments, This research is a case-control study. The statistical population of the present study was students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2019, from which 80 smokers and 80 non-smokers were selected as the research sample using the available sampling method. In this study, family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using the For data analysis, discriminant analysis method was used with SPSS. 21 software. Results: results showed that, showed that 66% of the variance of family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation for the only discriminant function was explained by the difference between the two groups of smokers and non-smokers. Conclusions: Considering the high level average oof family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation in non-smokering students, it can be we can concluded that these traits perform family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation have a a significant role in distinguishing between smokering and non-smokering university students.

Background: Marital infidelity is an interpersonal trauma that can lead to cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms in the affected person. Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy in insecure attachment styles in women and men affected by spousal infidelity. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. The statistical population of this study included all men and women who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2019-20 due to spousal infidelity. A total of 40 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental and control, using a convenience sampling procedure. The intervention was not given to the control group. The Control group did not receive the intervention. Data were collected using an attachment styles questionnaire (Hazen & Shaver, 1987), and a multivariate covariance analysis test was used to eliminate the effect of pre-test using SPSS software. Results: The results demonstrated that emotion-focused couple therapy affected the scores of insecure attachment styles (P<0. 01). It was also revealed that the method of training was to enrich couples' relationships with an emotion-focused approach in the follow-up phase (P<0. 01). Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, it can be stated that emotion-focused couple therapy is effective in women and men affected by spousal infidelity,therefore, it can be successfully used as a therapeutic or educational method in couple therapy programs.