JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND CARE
Year:2017 | Volume:18 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background& objectives: Memory deficit is common problem in diseases with brain injury, including stroke. Rehabilitation of these patients could effect on reduction complain and patients concerns. One example of interventions that could facilitate patient recovery is "multi-sensory stimulation". The aim of this study was to determine the effect of multisensory stimulation on the memory status in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods: This study was a quasi experimental study. Study population was all patients with stroke in the Ardabil city. Total of 60 eligible patients were selected and after using blocking method of random allocation inter to experimental and control groups. Experimental group experienced sensory stimulation of some sense that was performed for 6 weeks. Simple sampling method with regarding the eligibility criteria was used. The control group received only common treatment of stroke. Recent and remote memory of two groups were assessed with a self- prepared questionnaire that its validity and reliability was obtained, and interview method were used to complete questionnaire. Then the data with using descriptive and analytic statistics (mean and standard deviation, and K square test, Fisher exact test, independent t test, repeated measures analysis, and post hoc tests) were analyzed.Results: The results showed that there were no statistically significant difference in recent memory scores in one week (p=0.082) and 6 weeks after the intervention (p=0.15), and also between the remote memory scores in one week (p=0.51) and 6 weeks after the intervention (p=0.096). The repeated measures analysis, and its following post hoc tests showed that with passing time in recent memory scores; the within groups difference (p=0.000) have been significant, and between groups difference (p=0.247) have been not significant. And also with passing time in remote memory scores; the within groups difference (p=0.002) have been significant, and between groups difference (p=0.61) have been not significant. This indicates that an increase in the recent and remote memory scores in different time periods of the study in both groups were due to passing the time and performing this intervention has not been increased recent and remote memory scores in experimental group than the control group and the intervention has not been statistically significant.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study multi-sensory stimulation for 6 weeks in patients with stroke cannot lead to improve patients memory; studies with larger sample sizes and follow-up stroke patients after this intervention in a longer time is recommended.

Background & objectives: Every family use special methods in individual and social training of their children. This method is called parenting styles. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parenting skills training on parent bond, perceived stress and quality of life of mothers of preschool children.Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental with pretest- posttest and control group design. Population of the study consisted of all mothers who had children in kindergartens in the city of Sanandaj in 2016. 30 mothers selected by multistage random cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of one-hour parenting skills training based on Lynn Clark (1938). To collect data Study used perceived stress questionnaires of Cohen and colleagues (1983), Quality of Life Questionnaire (36-SF) designed with Montazeri and colleagues (2006) and Parental Bonding Inventory Parker (1979). Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-20 and independent t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).Results: The results showed that training parenting skills to mothers improve their bonding, perceived stress, and children's quality of life. Therefore, training parenting skills would strengthen the bonding of mothers, improve the quality of life of parents and decrease the perceived stress among mothers. The mean scores of the three variables were significantly different in the two groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings parenting skills training can be used as an appropriate approach to improve the mental health of mothers and improving their coaching methods used for their children. Moreover, it can be an effective method in promoting good behavior and reducing bad behavior for children.

Background & objectives: Decisions and actions which people make about their lifestyle behaviors are effected by their level of health literacy. Low health literacy is associated with limited knowledge about cancer screening and lack of desire to do it. This study aimed to determine the level of health literacy and its relationship with cancer screening behaviors among employees of Guilan University of medical sciences.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study, 186 office personnel of Guilan University of Medical Sciences were selected during the year of 2015. Data were collected by using a questionnaire consisted of three parts; demographic, cancer screening behavior and health literacy (HELIA). Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 20.0.Results: The result showed that 116 personnel were female (63.3%) and 148 of them was married (82.2%). Levels of health literacy of 106 participants (57%) were good and 80 of them (43%) had moderate health literacy. Significant statistical relationships between health literacy and education level (p=0.03), insurance coverage (p=0.04) and history of Pap testing (p=0.04) were seen.Conclusions: According to the results, the health literacy level of office staffs of Guilan University of Medical Sciences was good and moderate and personnel with a higher education level and covered by supplemental insurance had higher health literacy. Moreover, women with good health literacy performed Pap test screening more than others. Informing the personnel with cancer screening tests by efficient workshops and health promotion programs can be effective steps in promoting health literacy of people.

Background & objectives: Nursing is one of the important professions for public health. The purpose of the present research was to investigate Morningness-Eveningness in relation to sleep quality and occupational motivation in nurses working in health centers of Ardabil.Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was used to conduct the study. The statistical population comprised of nurses working in the hospitals of Ardabil in 2015, in which using the cluster sampling method, 198 nurses working in Ardabil’s hospitals were selected to the study. In order to collect data, the questionnaires of Pittsburg's sleep quality, Morningness-Eveningness (CSM) and the scale of occupational motivation were used. The multi-variant variance analysis and pursued test were used to analyze the data.Results: Data analysis identified Morningness-Eveningness of the 198 nurses participated in the study as follows: morning-type (20%), evening-type (14%) and 66% of the subjects had a combination of morning-type and evening-type (mixed-type) of work shifts. By comparing three groups of evening-type, mixed-type and morning-type was found that evening shift nurses have a lower sleep quality. Moreover, evening work shift nurses had a lower professional motivation in comparing with nurses who were working in morning and rotational shifts. Also, significant correlations were found between the Morningness with sleep quality and occupational motivation of the participants.Conclusion: The results show that sleep problems is a major problem among nurses. This problem is greater among the nurses working in evening work shifts which can decrease the professional motivation of nurses. Attention to the circadian rhythms of individuals may help to reduce these problems.

Background & objectives: The diagnosis of coronary heart diseases in women has fewer health-related consequences compared to men; therefore, despite experiencing symptoms they tend to delay seeking help and treatment. Now there is a little information about the emotional aspects of symptoms in women with coronary artery disease. This study aimed to describe the symptoms experienced in women with coronary heart diseases.Method: This study is a qualitative research which used descriptive phenomenological method. The participants in this study were 8 females with ischemic heart disease who were hospitalized in the cardiac care units and heart disease settings affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. To gathering data, semi-structured in-depth interviews were used and the Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. In order to achieve trustworthiness, the techniques of member checking and audit trial were used.Results: The findings summarized in several concepts which finally categorized in two main concepts: 1.The continuation of suffering and relief, (2) resistance.Conclusion: Continuing suffering and relief is the story of a major change in the life of the persons to the brink feel death forward. This naturally has a negative impact on the patient's psychological conditions. The patient after experiencing the first symptoms of a heart attack, the denial and neglect of these symptoms does. Thus, mental distance from the incident and subsequent problems is considered as a form of resistance. Consequently, in such circumstances, the patient's knowledge about the nature of the disease and ensuring the availability of health care resources can be very helpful in relieving physical and mental condition of patients.

Background and aim: Low back pain is one of the most common and most expensive medical problems. It is the leading cause of absence from work in western societies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the core stability exercise on pain intensity, functional disability, and the static and dynamic balance among the women with chronic low back pain.Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used to conduct the study. This study was performed by participation of 24 women with low back pain who had been referred to physiotherapy clinics in Brojerd city in Lorestan province in 2016. On this base, 24 women aged between 20 and 45 years old with the average weight of 62.81±9.58 and average height of 161.83±5.16 were involved in the study. The study sample was randomly divided into experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. A visual analog scale was used to measure the pain intensity. Oswestry questionnaire was used in order to measure the amount of disability. Furthermore, balance error scorning system and Y balance test used to evaluate the static balance and dynamic balance, respectively. All assessments and measurements were performed before and after the interventions. The experimental group performed core stability program for a period of six weeks (three sessions per week). Each session lasted 45 minutes and during this period, the control group did not receive any exercises. Independent and dependent t-tests were used to analyze the data. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software version 16, and the significance level was set at 0.05.Results: The results of this study showed that core stability exercises program can positively affect static and dynamic balance, as well as decreasing functional disability and intensity of chronic low back pain.Conclusion: The core stability exercises are recommended as an adjunct method in treatment of women with chronic low back pain.

Background and aim: Low back pain related disability is associated with many social and health consequences. Thus, identification of factors related with the complications is fundamental for planning of preventive interventions. Therefore, present study aimed to assess the factors related to perceived disability in nurses with low back working in the hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was performed with participation of 55 eligible nurses with low back pain. Data were gathered by a 5-part tool including items about low back pain experience, demographic characteristics, work related risk factors, preventive behaviors, and modified Oswestry disability questionnaire through self-reporting method. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and inferential statistic tests (c2, logistic regression-backward method) with SPSS (ver.21).Results: The majority of the subjects were in age group of 31-40 years old (47.3%) and most of them (41.8 %) had moderate disability. The majority of them were agreeing with ‘treating an excessive number of patients in a day’ (94.5%). In terms of job risk factors, 98.2% reported undesirable behavior about ‘warm up and stretch before duties’. Regression coefficients showed the predictive power of ‘reaching or working away from your body’ (B=-5.14, p=0.024) and ‘getting help for handling heavy patients’ (B=-4.24, p=0.02) for lower disability intensity; and higher age of subjects (B=4.09, p=0.008) for higher disability intensity.Conclusion: Above results highlight the necessity of the managers’ special attention and intervention for lowering disability through the strategies such as nurses’ reeducation and better equipping the hospitals with proper lifting and transfer devices.

Background and aim: Professional emergency workers are exposed to different risk factors which are related to their jobs. The pressure of workload can cause complications such as physical symptoms, psychological and behavioral dimensions of general health of the paramedic staff. This study examined the general health status of pre-hospital employees in Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire at the held in 2013.Methods: In this descriptive study, among operational staff working in emergency centers, 206 eligible participants were included with census sampling method. Goldberg general health questionnaire, a Likert-like scale was used to collect data. The data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, TTest, Tukey -Test and ANOVA.Results: The data showed that of 206 subjects, 23.8% of the employees had low general health, and the majority 51.3% of them patients had moderate and 24.9% of the subjects had good mental health. Statistical analysis showed that the social dysfunction had an impact on reducing mental health with highest 21.9% and depression with lowest effect 0%. The relationship between social dysfunction and type of employment was significant (p=0.02). Toki test showed that a significant difference between the official and contract employees (p=0.021) as well as a significant difference between the covenant contract and contract employees (p=0.018).Conclusion: Since a majority of pre-hospital staff had low to moderate mental health, given the inevitability of some occupational stressors and detailed knowledge of workplace stressors to modulate as well as the adoption of measures to improve working conditions are solutions to protect the health professional which can help this group of workers.