Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences
Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:2|Papers Count:9

Background: Childbearing is a major concern in some countries around the world. The fertility pattern can be described by several indicators, such as the fi, rst birth interval (FBI). Objectives: This study aimed to predict the factors aff, ecting the time of fi, rst birth. Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of a cohort study in Iran (2018-2021). The participants were 986 married women who were employees at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and enrolled by the census method. A checklist was used to collect information. Data were described by mean, SD, frequency, and the eff, ect of the variables on fi, rst birth and analyzed by the Cox analysis. Results: The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of the fi, rst birth was higher in the women with a high level of education than in those with a lower level of education (aHR = 0. 29,95% CI, 0. 16-0. 52,P < 0. 001). Also, the hazard of earlier fi, rst birth tripled in women with higher occupation levels than those with lower occupation levels (aHR = 0. 34,95% CI, 0. 59-0. 96,P < 0. 05). The hazard of fi, rst birth was lower in married women under 20 years than in those with other cohort age groups (aHR = 1. 87,95% CI, 1. 09-1. 89,P < 0. 001). Conclusions: The age at fi, rst birth is signifi, cantly under the eff, ect of women’, s education, occupation, marriage age, and wealth index.

Background: Obesity is a major concern that increases children’, s asthma risk. Obese asthmatic patients have more severe symptoms and attacks and less responsiveness to medication. Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether obese children have more asthma attacks, severe exacerbations, and respiratory distress. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 149 children diagnosed with asthma attacks at Taleghani Children’, s Hospital in Gorgan, Iran, in 2018-2019. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the severity of asthma attacks in pediatric patients was investigated in 2020. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS-18 software. Fisher’, s exact test and Spearman’, s rank correlation coeffi, cient were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the patients was 8. 8 ±,2. 76 years,60. 4% were boys, and 39. 6% were girls. According to the BMI-age chart, 1. 3% of the patients were underweight, 70. 5% were in the normal range, 21. 5% were overweight, and 6. 7% were obese. Patients with higher BMI had more severe asthma attacks (P-value = 0. 029) and respiratory distress (P-value = 0. 015). In the pulmonary function testing, Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in the fi, rst second (FEV1) were signifi, cantly lower in obese children. In addition, pCO2 and HCO3 were higher in overweight patients (P-value = 0. 01 and 0. 041, respectively). Conclusions: Patients with higher BMI had more severe attacks, exacerbations, and respiratory distress. Also, FVC and FEV1 were signifi, cantly lower in obese children. Obesity and asthma have many common pathophysiological mechanisms, and obesity increases the severity of asthma attacks and makes treatment challenging. Diff, erent mechanisms are involved in obese patients with asthma, including airway hyperreactivity, infl, ammation, and airway remodeling. Although the exact relationship between asthma attacks and obesity is still unclear, its understanding could lead to more therapeutic options.

Background: The eff, ects of various positions on birth outcomes during the second stage of labor remain a topic of controversy. The hands and knees position, characterized by a mobile sacrum, is considered one of the easier positions, although it is not commonly practiced in Iran. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare maternal and fetal outcomes between the lithotomy and hands and knees birth positions. Methods: The present study was a two-group single-blind clinical trial conducted on 72 primiparous and multiparous parturient women who were referred to selected hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, in 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to either the lithotomy or hands and knees groups after reaching full cervix dilation. Outcomes measured included the duration of the active phase of the second stage of labor, total duration of the second and third stages of labor, shoulder dystocia, bleeding, diff, erences in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels 6 hours after birth and at the time of hospitalization, perineal tears, and neonate outcomes. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher’, s exact test. Results: There were no signifi, cant diff, erences between the groups in terms of the mean duration of the active phase of the second stage of labor (P = 0. 91), the total duration of the second (P = 0. 93) and third stages of labor (P = 0. 24), the amount of bleeding during the third and fourth stages of labor (P = 0. 15), the diff, erence in hemoglobin (P = 0. 26) and hematocrit levels 6 hours after birth compared to the time of hospitalization (P = 0. 07), the fi, rst-and fi, fth-minute Apgar scores (P = 0. 32 and P = 1, respectively), the frequency of shoulder dystocia (P = 0. 50), the degree of perineal tears and episiotomy (P = 0. 58), the neonate’, s need for hospitalization (P = 1), and the need for neonatal resuscitation (P = 0. 50). Conclusions: Maternal and fetal outcomes of the hands and knees position in Iran’, s hospitals are similar to the routine position, lithotomy. Therefore, mothers can choose the hands and knees position without any concerns.

Background: With the spread of infectious diseases, especially coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), healthcare workers are vulnerable to mental health problems. Culture-based interventions in such critical situations are highly eff, ective for the individuals in that cultural context. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the eff, ect of Logotherapy Based on Rumi’, s Thoughts (LBRT) on depression, anxiety, and distress in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present study employed a quasi-experimental controlled pre-test-post-test design with a 2-month follow-up. This interventional study was conducted on frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020. Imam Khomeini and Fatemeh Zahra hospitals were selected as the research samples, as they were the main educational and medical centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran, and provincial referral centers. A total of 32 eligible individuals were selected for experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 16) groups through the convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Logotherapy Based on Rumi’, s Thoughts included eight sessions of 90 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention during the study. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The results revealed a statistically signifi, cant diff, erence between the two groups. The intervention group exhibited lower levels of depression and anxiety among the frontline nurses at the post-test and 2-month follow-up than the control group (P < 0. 001). However, there was no signifi, cant diff, erence between the two groups in terms of distress at the post-test and 2-month follow-up (P > 0. 05). Conclusions: The fi, ndings showed that LBRT improved anxiety and depression among frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this intervention did not signifi, cantly aff, ect frontline nurses’,distress during the COVID-19 crisis. Further studies should examine the eff, ectiveness of culture-based interventions in critical situations.

Background: Nursing care is one of the main tasks of nursing. Currently, organizations are trying to improve the quality of nursing care to satisfy their patients and reduce the cost and length of hospital stays. Psychological ownership (PO) is intended to be a shortcut to achieving this goal through cognitive-emotional changes in nurses. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate PO in nursing care. Methods: The present study was performed with a qualitative content analysis method. The purposive sample was selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were collected from Iranian nurses from May 2013 to November 2021 in semi-structured, in-depth, one-on-one interviews and subsequently analyzed using the method of Graneheim and Lundman. A code of ethics and required permissions were obtained. Lincoln and Guba’, s criteria were used to ensure the reliability of the study, and MAXQDA software (version 10) was used for data management. Results: Data analysis was performed using the conventional qualitative analysis on 13 nurses (mean age: 39 years,69% female), resulting in the extraction of 395 primary codes, 71 subcategories, 16 subcategories, and 4 main categories (e. g., professional competence, practical effi, cacy, holistic advocacy, and professional identity). Conclusions: The nurses understood that a sense of ownership of nursing meant seeking to acquire suffi, cient professional competence and an appropriate position in practice to see themselves as supportive and infl, uential in the healthcare system and have a sense of professional identity.

Background: The most important basis of medical care consists of emergency care, especially that of pre-hospital type, and it plays a signifi, cant role in reducing deaths rate and trauma-induced disabilities. Objectives: This research addressed the response time index of providing pre-hospital emergency call services to trauma victims in Golestan province in 2020. Methods: This retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted on all the missions performed for trauma victims in Golestan pre-hospital emergency in 2020. The sampling was done as the census. The data were collected by referring to the existing systems in the pre-hospital emergency centers using a checklist based on the mission forms of the countrywide pre-hospital emergency. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics using parametric tests (such as t-test and Tukey’, s test to compare the two groups). Results: Out of 9867 trauma victims transferred by Golestan pre-hospital emergency call service, 67. 02% were men, 14. 56% were women, and 18. 43% were not registered by gender. The maximum mean age was related to the middle-aged group (38. 86%) caused by traffi, c incidents. According to the international standard, the mean delay time was 01: 11 m, the EMS response time for the central urban districts and the suburbs was 10: 10 m and 12: 00 m, the time of transfer to the central urban district and the suburb hospitals was 08: 28 m and 17: 28 m, the delivery time to the hospital was 7: 14 m, the total mission time of the central urban district and the suburb bases was 1: 01: 25 h 1: 30: 20 h, and the mean response time for the trauma victims was 65. 89%. Conclusions: The time indices of pre-hospital emergency missions in Golestan province are within the normal range of the standard time, and considering the eff, ective role of pre-hospital emergency in reducing the mortality and disability of trauma victims, more attention should be paid to the structural and functional indices and management, especially the response and scene time.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) can infl, uence neonates’,neurodevelopment. There are controversies on the cause of infantile hypothyroidism and its relationship with maternal hypothyroidism. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal hypothyroidism and the incidence of CH. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 712 newborns with hypothyroidism born in Fars province, Iran, between 2018 and 2020, identifi, ed through the national screening program for genetic, metabolic, and endocrine congenital diseases recruited by the census sampling method. The information on infants’,fi, les was recorded in a researcher-made checklist. Descriptive data were reported by mean ±,SD and No. (%). The independent t-test, chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and Spearman’, s rank correlation coeffi, cient were used to evaluate relationships between variables. Results: Of 179, 448 infants screened, 712 (4 of 1, 000 live births) had CH with a mean thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level of 22. 34+24. 8 mlU/L. Of these, 252 infants (35. 4%) had a family history of hypothyroidism in the mother (OR = 4. 951, P < 0. 001). There was a signifi, cant relationship between CH and maternal hypothyroidism. Moreover, there was a signifi, cant diff, erence in the mean TSH level between hypothyroid infants born to mothers with a history of hypothyroidism (19. 10 ±,21. 30 mlU/L) and those who had healthy mothers (24. 23 ±,26. 44 mlU/L, P = 0. 027). The prevalence of CH in 2018, 2019, and 2020 were reported to be 0. 34%, 0. 4%, and 0. 45%, respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed a signifi, cant relationship between maternal hypothyroidism and CH. Considering the importance of the prompt diagnosis of CH, especially in high-risk groups such as infants of hypothyroid mothers, it is recommended to conduct more studies to design more precise guidelines to screen infants who are at risk of CH.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) signifi, cantly impacted nurses’,working in emergency and intensive care units, particularly the professional quality of their lives and psychological aspects, such as anxiety. Numerous nurses were infected with the virus, or some died, which generated great work pressure, aff, ecting the nurses’,quality of professional life. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the professional quality of life and COVID-19 anxiety among nurses working in emergency and intensive care units in Iraq and the relationship between them. Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 144 nurses working in emergency and intensive care units in Najaf, Iraq. The data were collected between February-May 2021 using the demographic questionnaire, Professional Quality of Life-5, and COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. Results: The mean level of professional quality of life was 101 ±,11. 09, indicating that the participants’,professional quality of life was moderate to high. The mean level of COVID-19 anxiety among the participants was 13. 3 ±,5. 7, which was less than moderate. Moreover, there was a direct and signifi, cant correlation between the professional quality of life and COVID-19 anxiety of the participating nurses (r = 0. 19, P < 0. 05). Conclusions: There is a signifi, cant direct relationship between the professional quality of life and COVID-19 anxiety among nurses who work in emergency and intensive care units in Najaf. As COVID-19 anxiety increases, the professional quality of life also increases. Although COVID-19 anxiety has increased the nurses’,professional quality of life (this could be due to nurses’,work commitment), it can still have destructive eff, ects on nurses. Nursing managers should pay attention to this issue and take measures to reduce the anxiety of nursing personnel while promoting their professional quality of life.

Background: It is crucial to pay attention to the lessons learned and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic to inform future planning. Evaluating the eff, ectiveness of implemented plans can help healthcare teams prepare for similar future situations and identify areas of strength and weakness. Objectives: This study aimed to explain the experiences and lessons learned by clinical nurse managers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in 2021, using the conventional content analysis method on a sample of 22 senior nurse managers who were selected through purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. The main objective of the present study was to explore the experiences and lessons learned by clinical nurse managers from the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were collected by semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the Graneheim and Lundman conventional content analysis method. Lincoln and Guba’, s reliability criteria were used to achieve the accuracy and reliability of the data. Results: After analyzing the data, 316 primary codes were extracted and categorized into 6 main categories and 16 subcategories. The main categories were (1) talent dynamics: Strategies for eff, ective workforce management,(2) ensuring safety: Eff, ective practices for personal protective equipment (PPE) management,(3) patient-centered excellence: Optimizing care delivery strategies,(4) empowering family engagement: Enhancing support in health care, (5) building resilient communities: Eff, ective, risk communication management in the society, and (6) unveiling the digital realm: Exploring virtual experiences. Conclusions: A practical solution for preparing for unknown conditions, such as the emergence of a pandemic, is to use previously recorded experiences and lessons learned. The insights gained from the experiences of clinical nurse managers, as extracted in this study, can serve as a foundation for decision-makers and nursing policymakers in planning, preparing, and empowering nurses for similar incidents and disasters in the future.