Journal of Multidisciplinary Care
Year:2024 | Volume:12 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background and aims: Cancer has significant effects on the lives of cancer patients and their families, so effective communication skills are an integral part of the process of caring. This study aims to investigate the effect of Peplau’s Therapeutic communication model on body image and pain among cancer patients. Methods: The present research is a quasi-experimental study conducted with the attendance of 64 cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy in Shahrekord Parsian Hospital in 2020-2021. First, the research units were selected purposefully and then randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, Peplau’s nursing model was done in four stages individually. Data collection tools were a demographic survey questionnaire, McGill Pain Questionnaire, and Body Image Questionnaire (MBSRQ). The mean scores before, immediately after, and three months after were compared using SPPS version 24 software. Results: Before interfering, the results of the study indicated the standard deviation±mean of body image scores in control and intervention groups were respectively 204. 81±2. 79, 206 (217-75. 187)+that were not significantly different from each other (P≥0. 568). Whereas these scores immediately and three months after had statistically significant differences from each other (P<0. 01). The results also indicated that the Standard deviation±mean of pain scores in control and intervention groups were 59. 56±0. 793 and 58. 25±0. 627 were not significantly different (P≥0. 248). However, these scores immediately and three months after had statistically significant differences from each other (P<0. 01). Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that implementing Peplau’s theory can improve body image and decrease pain in patients. Due to this program’s effectiveness, low cost, and safety, it is recommended for consideration in the nursing care program

Background and aims: The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in late 2019 with increased infection and mortality rates. Even with observing safety measures, medical staff have to deal with a high level of mental and physical pressure during an epidemic, and they might demonstrate diverse behaviors rooted in their experiences and emotions toward the situation. The paper examines different experiences and emotions of medical staff dealing with COVID-19 in Ilam, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with the participation of 200 care providers in 2020. Data was gathered using two questionnaires: the scale of positive and negative emotions (SPANE) and the positive and negative affect scale (PANAS). Data analyses were done in STATA12 using linear regression models. Results: The mean score of positive emotion in ICU, general, maternity, and administrative wards in women were 32±6. 23, 34. 07±6. 74, 35. 35±9. 24, and 35. 61±6. 91 respectively. The mean scores of Negative emotions in the Maternity ward and administrative departments were higher than in the ICU and CCU wards (P=0. 05). The midwives’ mean negative emotions score was lower than the physician’s (P value<0. 05). Average levels increased by about 4. 41 scores in negative experiences for individuals with a work experience higher than 25 years compared to those with work experience less than ten years (P=0. 03). Conclusion: Factors such as type of work, workplace, and work experience that affect care providers’ positive and negative experiences and emotions should be considered in staffing arrangements and their expectations.

Background and aims: Studies have indicated a considerable change in the trend of families’ adaptation to the hearing impairment of their children following the application of hearing screening programs in the past few years. This study was conducted in line with increased rehabilitation service quality and family-based intervention. It was performed to identify factors affecting the adaptation of mothers to hearing-impaired (HI) children with cochlear implants. Methods: This qualitative-descriptive research was performed with a phenomenological approach and involved 16 mothers of two to seven-year-old HI children with cochlear implants. The research setting was the centers for speech therapy of HI children in Shiraz, Iran. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the subjects, and data analysis was performed in MAXQDA (2018) using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 34 years, and the children of these parents were two to seven years old. The mean age of the earliest known diagnosis was 12 months. Moreover, the mean age at cochlear implantation was 2. 5 years. Based on the subjects’ experiences, the researchers extracted factors affecting mothers’ adaptation, leading to four main themes. These factors facilitated mothers’ adaptation and included the quality of medical services, condition normalization, individual capabilities of mothers, and effective use of the environment. Conclusion: Improving the quality of medical services, condition normalization, individual capabilities of mothers, and effective use of the environment led to an improvement in mothers’ adaptation to HI children with cochlear implants.

Background and aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between age at menarche (AAM) and anthropometric parameters in young female students in Shahrekord, southwest Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in elementary and senior girls’ schools in Shahrekord in 2018. The sampling method was multistage cluster sampling. The 633 students were studied out of 4868 students selected before the commencement of the study. The statistical analysis was done with a one-way analysis of variance, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and the Kaplan-Meier estimate. The checklist was used to collect the participants’ information. All analyses were conducted using SPSS version 24 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: The average AAM of our participants was 13. 34±0. 95 years. Only 8. 5% of the 633 participants had reached menarche before the age of 12. In this study, the association between AAM and height (P<0. 001) and weight (P=0. 007) were significant, while there was no relationship between AAM and body mass index (P=0. 91). Conclusion: This study found that the average AAM was like that found in other studies in Iran and other regions of the world. Furthermore, efficient puberty health education is required for female students, especially those aged 12 years.

Background and aims: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the human grief experience, putting bereaved people in difficult, complex, and unprecedented conditions. This study explored complicated grief (CG) experiences in the families of victims of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was conducted in 2021 in Isfahan, Iran. Purposive sampling was used in this study. Data were collected by in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 14 family members of COVID-19 victims and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method. Results: Findings include 260 primary codes extracted according to the purpose and research question in 5 main categories and 15 subcategories. Incompatibility, helplessness, untimely death, inconsolable grief, and neuroticism are the themes of the main categories. Conclusion: Many painful physical, mental, social, and spiritual experiences lead to complicated grief in the families of the COVID-19 victims. Awareness of health providers of this helps reduce the experience of incompatibility, helplessness, untimely death, inconsolable grief, and neuroticism in order to manage behavior and reduce negative emotions through specific psychological interventions. It also helps them cope with grief and the resulting psychological suffering.

Background and aims: Pre-hospital emergency staff are often faced with highly stressful situations, leading most often to occupational burnout. One of the crucial factors affecting job burnout is the quality of work life. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between job burnout and quality of work life (QWL) among pre-hospital emergency staff in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in 2021. Methods: The descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 295 pre-hospital emergency staff in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces in 2021. The instruments used in this study to collect data were Richard Walton’s Quality of Work Life Questionnaire and Maslach’s Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed with SPSS-16 statistical software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: There was a significant inverse relationship between work-life quality and job burnout among pre-hospital emergency staff (P<0. 001, r=-0. 553). The study’s findings showed that the average score of the QWL and job burnout among study participants was 64. 73±11. 58 and 81. 53±10. 35, respectively. Conclusion: Identifying the dimensions of job burnout and the quality of work-life among pre-hospital emergency staff can provide vital information to policymakers in the health field, especially pre-hospital emergencies. Thus, decision-makers and administrators with effective management can develop appropriate policies to reduce job burnout, improve the QWL, increase job productivity, and ultimately satisfy the demands of patients.

Background and aims: For women of reproductive age, postpartum weight retention can increase the risk of obesity and its associated health risks in women. Adequate health literacy can improve women’s self-efficacy regarding their ability to adhere to physical activity postpartum. The study aimed to determine the relationship between health literacy and physical self-efficacy in postpartum women referred to comprehensive health service centers in Bushehr city. Methods: This cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) was performed on 130 women with children under three months, referring to comprehensive health service centers in Bushehr city. Subjects were selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method of 10 comprehensive health service centers in Bushehr city. The required data were collected using the Maternal Health Literacy and Pregnancy Outcome Questionnaire (MHLAPQ) and the Physical Self-efficacy Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation were applied to analyze the data using SPSS 20. The level of statistical significance was P value<0. 05. Results: The mean score for maternal health literacy was 51. 17±5. 53, so the lowest score was 14, and the highest was 56. A positive and significant correlation existed between maternal health literacy and physical activity self-efficacy (r=0. 196, P<0. 05). Significant relationships were found between maternal health literacy and physical self-efficacy postpartum with educational level and job mothers (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the relationship between health literacy and increasing physical activity self-efficacy and improving postpartum weight management, training workshops for promoting health literacy and consequently self-efficacy and physical activity in health centers should be developed.

Background and aims: Healthcare establishments must treat people who are deaf or hard of hearing equally. As several experimental studies have yielded different outcomes, some studies on health education techniques must be conducted to examine the effects of health education on hearing loss. This study outlines how researchers educate deaf people about health issues. Methods: This study was conducted in June 2023 in Jambi, Indonesia. A comprehensive search strategy for each database was developed using the following search terms: “deaf, ” “hearing impairment, ” “health education, ” “adolescent, ” and “adult. ” A comprehensive assessment of the references from all the studies included in the analysis was also conducted. The forthcoming PRISMA 2020 rules are approaching. Researchers employ Roanalyze to analyze the potential for bias in a study and use the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) to evaluate the authenticity of the study. The writers autonomously acquired the data, whereas external sources reassessed and evaluated the results. Results: The review database successfully incorporated twenty-one studies relevant to its themes and objectives. Sign language plays a crucial role in health education by enhancing communication and literacy for deaf individuals through visual learning methods and telemedicine. Conclusion: Sign language plays an essential role in health education, as it improves accessibility for deaf individuals by utilizing visual aids and multimedia-based approaches to learning.