Family and Health
Year:2024 | Volume:14 | Issue:2 (پیاپی 40)|Papers Count:13

Introduction: Parents' attachment styles have many effects on children's attachment styles. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the role of the inhibitory and facilitating factors in parents' insecure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles on the choice of children's attachment style. Research Methods: This study was a qualitative research with a theoretical approach. The statistical population of the Research included all people aged 25 to 40 who referred to the Atiyeh Clinic in Tehran in 1400, from which 60 people were selected, and then 25 people who had the conditions to enter the research were purposefully selected as a sample. The data were collected simultaneously and analyzed using grounded theory coding method (open, axial and selective). Findings: The results showed that the influencing factors including 38 primary classes, 4 main classes and one central class were extracted in the process of explaining the attachment styles of parents in determining the attachment style of children. The 4 main floors included the sliding bed of security, striving for the integration of body and soul from the path of power, the maze of the path, and the umbrella of support. Conclusion: In order to pay attention to the choice of children's attachment style in a family with two insecure parents, attention should be paid to the components of the sliding bed of security, striving for the integration of body and mind from the path of strength, the twists and turns of the path, and the umbrella of support.

AbstractIntroduction: Narcissistic personality disorder is one of the most severe personality disorders that have a significant impact on interpersonal relationships, and it is very important to identify the factors that shape it. The aim of the present study was to determine the fit of the structural pattern of parental bonding in the developmental period and pathological narcissistic phenotypes with the mediating role of attachment anxiety.Research method: The descriptive research method was correlation type. The present research population was all the students of State universities of Mashhad in the academic year of 1402-1403, of which 345 people were selected by Cluster sampling and available sampling method. Then they completed the pathological narcissism inventory (PNI), parental bonding scale (PNS) and close relationship experience scale (CREQ).Results: The findings showed that attachment anxiety has a positive relationship between attachment parenting in the developmental period and vulnerable narcissism (β=0.247; P=0.001) and adult narcissism positively (β=0.219; P=0.0001) mediates.Conclusion: According to these results, it can be said that if the quality and quantity of parental care and supervision is not such as to create security and peace for the child, trauma and attachment anxiety will be created in him, and he will use behaviors to protect and care for himself. Pathological narcissism takes shelter; these results show the importance of healthy care in the mental health of people, which requires necessary training for parents in this field.

AbstractIntroduction:Various factors are effective in the durability and survival of the family, including the emotional experience of couples with each other, and paying attention to it can provide a basis for improving family structures. The present study sought to answer the question whether the variables of reflective functioning, emotional expression, emotional self-awareness, attention-seeking and dependency to Instagram can predict the emotional experience with the spouse among the married people of Isfahan city.Research method: The current research method was descriptive and correlational. The studied population in this research was all married people of Isfahan city. A sample of 250 people was selected using the available method and then the questionnaires were distributed among the people. The research tools were: Yousefi, ghafarollahi, Golparvar, Kiani emotional experience with the spouse questionnaire, Fonagy and Bateman's reflective function questionnaire, King and Emmons' emotional expression questionnaire, the emotional self-awareness subscale of Bar-on's emotional intelligence questionnaire, a researcher-made attention-seeking questionnaire and Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and stepwise regression).Findings: The results of this research showed that among the predictor variables, positive emotional expressiveness and dependency to Instagram have the power to predict positive emotional experience with the spouse, and variables of attention-seeking, positive emotional expressiveness and the certainty factor from the reflective functioning variable have the power to predict negative emotional experience with the spouse.Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, in order to improve positive emotional experiences with the spouse, dependency to Instagram and positive emotional expression should be increased among women, and to reduce negative emotional experiences with the spouse, attention seeking should be reduced and positive emotional expression and certainty should be increased.

AbstractIntroduction: Oppositional defiant disorder appears in childhood and affects the mental health and relationships of parents, especially mother and child. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of emotion regulation training on mental health, and parent-child relationship of mothers whose children suffer from oppositional defiant disorder.Methods: Semi-experimental research design was a pre-test, post-test type with a control group. Statistical society included all of the mothers, whose primary school children suffer from oppositional defiant disorder, they referred to the ministry of education clinics located in district 4 and 6, Mashhad in 2022. 40 people were chosen due to the fact that they met the criteria to enter the training, as statistical samples. They were randomly divided into examination and control groups. To collect data, the scale of oppositional defiant disorder children, mental health scale, and mother-child relationship assessment scale. Data analysis was done using spss21 software with the help of covariance analysis.Results: The results showed that emotion regulation training is effective on the mental health in the mothers of children with oppositional defiant disorder (P<0.001). Also, the emotion regulation training was effective in improving the mother-child relationship in the mothers of children with defiant disorder (P<0.001).Conclusions: According to the results, the emotion regulation training can improve mental health and improve the mother-child relationship of mothers of children with oppositional defiant disorder.

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the combined package of Iberg child-parent interaction and personality-oriented parenting in reducing the symptoms of physiological anxiety, extreme sensitivity and worry in children aged 7-10 years.Research method: The method of this semi-experimental study is pre-test and post-test with a control group. The research community was mothers of children with physiological anxiety problems, extreme sensitivity and worry of children aged 7 to 10 years in Tehran, among them 30 mothers of children were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two equal groups. (Each group 15 people). The experimental group received 8 90-minute online training sessions on parent-child interaction and personality-oriented parenting, and the control group did not receive any intervention. In order to analyze the data, first descriptive information related to the variables of the research was presented, and after confirming the assumptions, the covariance analysis was used to examine the results of the hypothesis test. The results showed that the intervention package of Ayberg's child-parent interaction and personality-oriented parenting on all 3 components of anxiety problems, i.e. (physiological anxiety, extreme sensitivity and worry) has been effective (p<0.01). The comparison of the obtained effect sizes showed that the intervention package has the greatest effect on hypersensitivity with a coefficient of 0.59 (large), followed by physiological anxiety with a coefficient of 0.52 (large), and worry with a coefficient of 38. 0/ (medium) are located.Results: The findings showed that teaching parents has reduced the problems of physiological anxiety, extreme sensitivity and worry in children.Conclusion: The results show that parents are in the best position to teach children adaptive and appropriate responses and strengthen these responses. Definitely, when these trainings are tailored to the unique characteristics of the child, it will be more effective.

AbstractIntroduction: Adolescence is a unique period of transition that is associated with physical, psychological and social changes. In addition to these changes, the discovery of identity is also considered one of the most important features of this period, and for this reason, in this period, the need for independence increases and they look for their self-concept and values, and this process leads to changes in the family, and this change leads to other changes. In parent-child relationships, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of therapy based on acceptance and commitment and reality therapy in a group manner on the parent-child relationship in teenage students.Research Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The research population included all the male secondary school students of the 2nd district of Hamadan city who were studying in the academic year of 2022-2023. From these, 3 groups of 20 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and were administered the parent-child relationship evaluation questionnaire by Fine, Moreland and Scobel in two pre-post sessions. They answered the test. The subjects of the experimental group were treated with the approach of treatment based on acceptance and commitment and reality therapy, during 8 sessions, 1 session of 60 minutes per week, but no training was given to the control group. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS software and using the analysis of covariance test and a significant level of p < 0.05.Results: The results showed that the post-test average of the group treated with the treatment approach based on acceptance and commitment on the father-child relationship is 20.5 points higher than the control group (i-j=20.5, sig=0.034). Also, the mean post-test of the group treated by reality therapy method on the parent-child relationship is 42.9 points higher than the control group (i-j=42.9, sig=0.0001).Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it can be said that therapy based on acceptance and commitment and therapy based on reality therapy led to the improvement of father-child relationship.

AbstractIntroduction: In recent years, a significant increase in statistics related to abused women has been reported, with thousands of women worldwide being harassed and abused every year. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of assertiveness training on social competence and psychological well-being of abused women referring to social emergency.Research Method: The present study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The participants were selected using available sampling method and were randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. The statistical population of the study consisted of 77 abused women, 30 of whom were divided into two groups (15 experimental and 15 control). The participants of experimental group received eight sessions of 60-minute assertiveness training intervention by Mootabi & Atoofi, while the participants of control group remained on the waiting list for training. Data were evaluated using the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale and the Social Competence Questionnaire by Flanzer et al. Data analysis was performed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and SPSS version 24.Findings: The results showed that assertiveness training was effective in increasing social competence and psychological well-being of abused women (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that assertiveness training intervention is effective in enhancing social competence and psychological well-being of abused women.

Abstract: Introduction: Headache is one of the most common medical complaints and a debilitating neurological disorder in neurology clinics that affects the personality of patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of commitment and acceptance therapy and intensive and short-term screening on personality organization, emotion regulation in women with tension headaches.Research method: This study was a semi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up plan with a control group. The target population was all patients with tension headaches who referred to the specialized neurology clinic in Tehran in 1402. The sample size was determined by referring to Cohen's table. Since there was a possibility of some samples dropping and also in order to generalize the results, the sample size was determined to be 15 people in each group. In the first step, 45 people were selected by available sampling method, and in the second step, these 45 people were replaced in 2 experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people) in a simple random way (by lottery).Findings: The results of the study indicated the effect of commitment and acceptance method and intensive and short-term dynamic psychotherapy on the dimensions of personality organization and emotion regulation in tension headache sufferers (P<0.001) and the effectiveness of both methods was similar (0.5 0Conclusion: According to the results, specialists active in the psycho-physical field, especially tension headaches, can consider the use of commitment and acceptance methods and intensive and short-term dynamic psychotherapy in the treatment of these people, along with other treatments.

Introduction: Today, cosmetic surgeries are considered as one of the human concerns among the Iranian society, a value. This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy with short-term psychodynamic therapy on self-esteem and socio-cultural attitudes towards the appearance of women applying for cosmetic surgery.Research method: This research was one of the Semi-experimental studies with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population was all the women applying for cosmetic surgeries who referred to cosmetic surgery clinics in Gorgan city in 2023, 45 of whom were randomly selected in three groups of schema therapy (15 people), short-term psychodynamic therapy (15 people) and group They were witnesses (15 people). The research tools were Crocker et al.'s self-esteem questionnaires (2003) and Thompson et al.'s (2004) socio-cultural attitudes. Research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and using spss software version 26.Findings: The findings indicate that short-term psychodynamics has a significant increase in self-esteem and a decrease in socio-cultural attitudes compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, short-term psychodynamics was more effective in increasing self-esteem, and schema therapy was more effective in reducing social and cultural attitudes.Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be said that short-term psychodynamic therapy by correcting the attitude towards oneself and revising the values and goals of life has increased self-worth, and identifying schemas and helping people to express suppressed negative emotions and feelings has improved processing. Cognitive and negative socio-cultural decline appears.

Introduction: Today, the medical community of Iran is witnessing many psychological and physical injuries in two important populations of unmarried women and girls and orphaned and abused children in the country. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare anxiety, loneliness and quality of life of single women with adopted children and those without adopted children.Materials and methods: In this descriptive, causal-comparative study, the number of 140 people (70 single women with adopted children and 70 single women without adopted children) who referred to the welfare department of Tehran province and met the entry criteria, were selected by sampling method in Available were selected. Data collection tools included loneliness questionnaires quality of life questionnaire SF-36 and Kettle's anxiety questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 26 software and statistical hypothesis tests and multivariate analysis of variance.Results: respectively between the two groups and their components in anxiety (F=24.283, P=0.000, η=0.150) and quality of life (F=93.089, P=0.000, η=0.403) and loneliness (F = 118.630, P = 0.000, η = 0.462), there is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The mean of hidden and overt anxiety in single women with adopted children Less, the average feeling of romantic, family and social loneliness in single women with adopted children was significantly higher and in the quality of life variable, the average general health component was lower in single women with adopted children.Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to implement the adoption program for qualified single women and the need for necessary interventions to prevent and treat anxiety and improve the quality of life of single women without adopted children and to intervene to solve the problems caused by public health and the feeling of loneliness in single women with adopted children.

Introduction: Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder that is characterized by serious and continuous problems in learning reading skills, and its cause is not the existence of problems related to brain damage, vision problems, and insufficient or incorrect education. This study aimed to examine the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy skills on reading performance and executive functions of dyslexic students. Research method: This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a one-month follow-up period. The statistical population consisted of dyslexic students who were referred to the learning disorders center of one district of Karaj in the academic year of 1401-1400. 30 students were purposefully included in the study and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The students of the intervention group were trained in cognitive behavioral play therapy skills in 10 sessions, twice a week. The research tools included Kerami's reading and dyslexia test and Gioia et al.'s executive performance behavior rating list. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26 software and analysis of variance with repeated measures. Findings: The results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy skills were effective in improving reading performance (P<0.01) and increasing executive functions (P<0.05) of students, and the effect of this intervention method lasted until the one-month follow-up stage (P=0.053). Conclusion: According to the results obtained using cognitive-behavioral play therapy, an effective step can be taken to improve the reading performance and executive functions of dyslexic students.

Introduction: Treatment based on acceptance and commitment can have a positive effect on many symptoms and clinical manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder, such as avoidance, thought inhibition, impaired quality of life, and mood problems. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on perfectionism and quality of life in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Research method: This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all the patients of Mehr Neurological and Psychiatric Hospital, Imam Reza and Khorramabad Health Center in the second half of 1402, and 30 participants were selected from this population by available sampling and placed in experimental and control groups. They responded to the perfectionism questionnaires of Hill et al. and the quality of life questionnaire of War and Sherboom in 3 stages, and for the intervention group, 8 sessions were planned based on the treatment protocol, and the control group did not receive training, and the data obtained by variance analysis It was analyzed by repeated measures. Findings: The results showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment is significant on the maladaptive dimension of perfectionism (P=0.004) and on the mental health dimension of quality of life (P=0.047). Conclusion: Based on this, it was concluded that treatment based on acceptance and commitment is an effective method to reduce maladaptive perfectionism and increase the mental health dimension of quality of life in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Introduction: Emotional divorce is considered a serious threat to marital relations that destroys the foundation of the family over time. For this reason, it is very important to examine the harms and solutions to prevent the emergence of emotional divorce. The aim of this research was to predict emotional divorce based on family relational patterns and self-differentiation with the mediating role of the primary maladaptive schema of women in Karaj region. Research method: The method of this research was a correlational description that predicted emotional divorce based on family relational patterns and self-differentiation with the mediating role of primary maladaptive schemas of women in Karaj region. The statistical population of this research is made up of married women referring to the counseling center of Karaj region. A staged cluster sampling method was used. The sample size was selected using Cochran's formula of 200 people, and 220 people were selected with the probability of dropping out. SPSS26 software was used for data analysis. In order to investigate the relationship between research variables, the Pearson correlation method was used, and in order to investigate the relationship, the hierarchical multiple regression method was used. Findings: The coefficient of the indirect path between the communication pattern of conversation and emotional divorce (p < 0.01, β = -0.161) is negative and the coefficient of the indirect path between the communication pattern of conformity and emotional divorce (p < 0.01, β=0.142) is positive and significant. Also, the indirect path coefficient between self-differentiation and emotional divorce (p<0.01, β=0.103) is negative and significant. Conclusion: The results showed that family relational patterns and self-differentiation both directly and through the mediation of primary incompatible schemas predict emotional divorce in women. The variables of family communication patterns, self-differentiation, initial maladaptive schema predict well emotional divorce in spouses; Therefore, through increasing the skills of couples in providing marital satisfaction for each other and teaching them psychological capital, constructive conflict resolution can be increased in them.