Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2023 | Volume:41 | Issue:716|Papers Count:3

Background: Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cancer and the fourth leading cause of death in the world. This study aimed to investigate and compare dosimetric differences in radiation therapy for rectal cancer in two supine and prone positions.Methods: In a cross-sectional study in Milad Hospital in Isfahan, the CT scan data of 30 patients who are candidates for radiation therapy for rectal cancer were sent to the treatment design software. The target organ PTV (Planning Target Volume) and the organs at risk including the bowel bag and the bladder were contoured by the radio-oncologist. The design of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D_CRT) was designed using 3 and 4 field methods and 18 megavolt energy. Finally, using the dose-volume distribution curve dose-volume histogram (DVH), the dosimetry of the target organs and the organs at risk were discovered and converted by assimilation.Findings: The average dose that will receive by the bowel bag and bladder in the prone position in the 3-field method was significantly lower than the other studied methods. In addition, the position of the 3-fields supine delivers a higher dose to the organs at risk than the 3-fields prone. However, organs of the four fields in supine position will receive a higher dose compared to the other fields.Conclusion: In radiation therapy of rectal cancer, due to the improvement of the coverage of the target volume and better dose design, it is suggested than the treatment with the 3-field in position prone.

Background: Aging and obesity are associated with systemic inflammation and increased oxidative stress. Aerobic exercise and omega-3 play an important role in modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and omega-3 on inflammatory and oxidative stress in the heart tissue of elderly rats fed a high-fat diet. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (mean weight 311.32 ± 26.95) were divided into 5 groups: Normal Diet (ND), High-Fat Diet (HFD), High-Fat Diet-Training (HFDT), High-Fat Diet-Omega3 (HFDω3) and High-Fat Diet-Training-Omega3 (HFDTω3). The supplement groups received 1 g of Omega3 (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period.An aerobic exercise program including running on a treadmill with an intensity of 50-60% maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), was performed 5 days a week for eight weeks. The tissue concentration of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by ELISA method using special kits for rats. Findings: Significant decrease were seen in TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB gene expression levels in HFDT, HFDω3, and HFDTω3. This decrease was also observed in the HFDTω3 group compared with the HFDT group and HFDω3 group. Also, significant decrease was observed in MDA values. Findings showed significant increase in Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, SOD, GPX, and CAT in experimental groups compared with HFD. Conclusion: Combining aerobic exercise with omega-3 may ameliorate HFD-induced heart damage in elderly rats by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Background: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the findings of chest CT scans 3 months after hospitalization in COVID-19 patients and their relationship with underlying diseases. Methods: The present study was of a descriptive-analytical type, which was conducted from the beginning of September 2021 to the end of September 2022 on COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the department of Imam Khomeini Educational and Therapeutic Hospital affiliated with Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz. Demographic information and chest CT scan findings were evaluated and recorded at the time of hospitalization of COVID-19 patients for 3 months after hospitalization. Findings: In this study, 100 patients with an average age of 57.49 years were examined, with 53% being male. Among the patients, 44% had no underlying diseases and the remaining had underlying diseases, among which diabetes and hypertension were the most frequent with 28% and 10%. Analysis of the CT scan findings of patients three months later revealed that 35% of CT scans were normal and 55% of lung fibrosis was reported, and 45% of reported lung fibrosis showed 5-25% lung involvement. Conclusion: In the present study, approximately more than half of the participants had pulmonary involvement evident on their CT scans 3 months after COVID-19 hospitalization, with pulmonary fibrosis being the most common finding.